稀化氣體中的玻色

內(nèi)容概要

本書是一部關(guān)于稀化氣體中玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚的專著。早在1925年愛因斯坦便預(yù)言，氣態(tài)粒子在低溫下會在各方面處于同樣的量子狀態(tài)。1995年首次利用強激光方法在實驗室中產(chǎn)生一種特殊的氣態(tài)，稱為玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚。這一凝聚在大尺度存在量子現(xiàn)象，并成為當(dāng)代物理學(xué)中的一個最活躍的研究領(lǐng)域，涉及原子物理、凝聚物質(zhì)物理和核物理。本書重點論述其基礎(chǔ)物理原理。全書共14章，每章末附有問題和參考文獻，書末附有基本常數(shù)和轉(zhuǎn)換因數(shù)的附錄。本書適用于高校物理系及相關(guān)專業(yè)的教師、研究生和從事新物態(tài)及相關(guān)研究的科研工作者。

書籍目錄

Preface1 Introduction1.1 Bose-Einstein condensation in atomic clouds1.2 Superfluid 4 He1.3 Other condensates1.4 Overviwe2 The non-interacting Bose gas2.1 The Bose distribution2.2 Transition temperature and condensate fraction2.3 Density profile and velcity distribution2.4 Thermodynamic quantities2.5 Effect of finite particle number2.6 Lower-dinmensional systems3 Atomic properties3.1 Atomic structure3.2 The Zeeman effect3.3 Response to an electric field3.4 Energy scales4 Trapping and cooling of atoms4.1 Magnetic traps4.2 Influence of laser light on an atom4.3 Laser cooling:the Doppler process4.4 The magneto-optical trap4.5 Sisyphus cooling4.6 Evaporative cooling4.7 Spin-polarized hydrogen5 Interactions between atoms5.1 Interatomic potentials and the van der Waals interaction5.2 Basic scattering theory……6 Theory of the condensed state7 Dynamics of the condensate8 Microscopic theory of the Bose gas9 Rotating condensates10 Superfluidity11 Trapped clouds at non-zero temperature12 Mixtures and spinor condensates13 Interference and correlations14 FermionsAppendix.Fundamental constants and conversion factors Index

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