化工過程設(shè)計

內(nèi)容概要

Chemical process design starts with the selection of a series of processing steps and their interconnection into a fiowsheet to transform raw materials into desired products. Whereas a great emphasis in chemical engineering traditionally has been placed on the analysis or simulation of fiowsheets, the creation or synthesis of fiowsheets has received, by comparison, little attention. Yet the decisions made during the synthesis of the fiowsheet are of paramount importance in determining the economic viability, safety, and environmental impact of the final design. This text will concentrate on developing an understanding of the concepts required at each stage of the synthesis of process fiowsheets.

書籍目錄

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsNomenclatureChapter 1 The Hierarchy of Chemical Process Design  1.1 Introduction  1.2 Overall Process Design  1.3 The Hierarchy of Process Design and the Onion Model  1.4 Approaches to Process Design  1.5 The Hierarchy of Chemical Process Design--Summary  1.6 ReferencesChapter 2 Choice of Reactor  2.1 Reaction Path  2.2 Types of Reaction Systems  2.3 Reactor Performance  2.4 Idealized Reactor Models  2.5 Reactor Concentration  2.6 Reactor Temperature  2.7 Reactor Pressure  2.8 Reactor Phase  2.9 Catalysts  2.10 Practical Reactors  2.11 Choice of Reactor--Summary  2.12 ReferencesChapter 3 Choice of Separator  3.1 Separation of Heterogeneous Mixtures  3.2 Separation of Homogeneous Fluid Mixtures  3.3 Distillation  3.4 Distillation of Mixtures Which Exhibit Azeotropic Behavior or Have Low Relative Volatility  3.5 Absorption  3.6 Evaporators  3.7 Dryers  3.8 Choice of Separator--Summary  3.9 ReferencesChapter 4 Synthesis of Reaction-Separation Systems  4.1 The Function of Process Recycles  4.2 Vapor Recycles and Purges  4.3 Vapor versus Liquid Recycles  4.4 Batch Processes  4.5 The Process Yield  4.6 Synthesis of Reaction-Separation Systems--Summary  4.7 ReferencesChapter 5 Distillation Sequencing  5.1 Distillation Sequencing Using Simple Columns  5.2 Practical Constraints that Restrict Options  5.3 Selection of the Sequence for Simple, Nonintegrated Distillation Columns  5.4 Heat Integration of Sequences of Simple Distillation Columns  5.5 Internal Mass Flows in Sequences of Simple Distillation Columns  5.6 Distillation Sequencing Using Columns with More than Two Products  5.7 Distillation Sequencing Using Thermal Coupling  5.8 Optimization of a Reducible Structure  5.9 Distillation Sequencing--Summary  5.10 ReferencesChapter 6 Heat Exchanger Network and Utilities: Energy Targets  6.1 Composite Curves  6.2 The Heat Recovery Pinch  6.3 Threshold Problems  6.4 The Problem Table Algorithm  6.5 Process Constraints  6.6 Utility Selection  6.7 Furnaces  6.6 Combined Heat and Power (Cogeneration)  6.9 Integration of Heat Pump  6.10 Integration of Refrigeration Cycles  6.11 Heat Exchanger Network and Utilities Energy Targets-Summary  6.12 ReferencesChapter 7 Heat Exchanger Network and Utilities: Capital and Total Cost Targets  7.1 Number of Heat Exchange Units  7.2 Heat Exchange Area Targets  ……Chapter 8 Economic TradeoffsChapter 9 Safety and Health ConsiderationsChapter 10 Waste MinimlzationChapter 11 Effluent TreatmentChapter 12 Process Changes for Improved Heat IntegrationChapter 13 Heat Integration of ReactorsChapter 14 Heat Integration of Distillation ColumnsChapter 15 Heat Integration of Evaporators and DryersChapter 16 Heat Exchanger Network DesingChapter 17 Overall StrategyAppendix A Preliminary Economic EvaluationAppendix B Algorithm for the Heat Exchange Area TargetAppendix C Maximum Thermal Effectiveness for 1-2 Shell-and-Tube Heat ExchangersAppendix D Express ion for the Minimun Number of 1-2 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers for a Given UnitAppendix E Algorithm for the Number-of-Shells TargetAppendix F Algorithm for Heat Exchanger Capital Cost TargetIndex

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