圖書館學(xué)情報學(xué)經(jīng)典著作選讀

前言

什么是權(quán)威的“經(jīng)典著作”？歷來沒有統(tǒng)一的標準，各個時代、各個階級、各個國家、各種民族、各種學(xué)派、各類宗教，都有自己心目中的經(jīng)典著作。這種經(jīng)典著作，必須是公認的、經(jīng)得起時間考驗的、帶有普遍真理性的著作。辭書上說，“經(jīng)典”泛指具有權(quán)威性的著作。因此，經(jīng)典就是最有價值、最有意義的著作。自古以來，圖書館學(xué)情報學(xué)界也都產(chǎn)生過一批非常優(yōu)秀、杰出的文化經(jīng)典，這是全世界業(yè)內(nèi)寶貴的文化遺產(chǎn)，我們應(yīng)該知道，應(yīng)該了解，應(yīng)該閱讀，尤其是學(xué)該專業(yè)的研究生和專業(yè)高級研究人員，更應(yīng)該精讀。閱讀經(jīng)典是一種文化傳統(tǒng)的啟蒙，也是一種文化精神的熏陶。閱讀經(jīng)典可以激活人文精神的解放和創(chuàng)造。本書選擇了一些在世界范圍內(nèi)雄踞重要地位的圖書館學(xué)情報學(xué)著作片段。通過閱讀這些經(jīng)典作品或重要著作，讀者能夠?qū)D書館學(xué)發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)有個基本的印象，在接受圖書館學(xué)文化傳統(tǒng)熏陶的同時，激發(fā)對這個學(xué)科的反思，進發(fā)出新的思想的火花。

內(nèi)容概要

本書內(nèi)容選自世界圖書館學(xué)情報學(xué)發(fā)展過程中有較大影響且至今仍有一定研究和實踐價值的5部英文經(jīng)典著作的重要篇章，輔以簡要中文注釋。內(nèi)容涉及圖書館學(xué)基本理論、情報學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識、信息組織、自動標引、圖書館評價等方面，旨在引領(lǐng)圖書館信息服務(wù)人員和相關(guān)專業(yè)的學(xué)生了解和掌握經(jīng)典著作中所蘊含的豐富的思想，開闊他們的專業(yè)視野，提高他們的英文閱讀能力和理解能力。    本書可以作為圖書館情報機構(gòu)的專業(yè)英語培訓(xùn)教材和參考書，也可以作為圖書館學(xué)情報學(xué)專業(yè)本科生、研究生的專業(yè)課教學(xué)參考書。對于提高圖書館情報人員的職業(yè)素質(zhì)和英文水平有較高的價值。

書籍目錄

1. Practical considerations by Pierce Buhler from An Introduction to Library Science《圖書館學(xué)導(dǎo)論》2. The Features of Information Science by Richard E. Rubin from Foundations of Library and Information Science《圖書館學(xué)情報學(xué)基礎(chǔ)》3. Introduction to Library Evaluation by F.W. Lancaster from If you want to evaluate your library... 2nd Ed.《如果你要評價圖書館》（第二版）4. Subject Analysis by Arlene G. Taylor  from The Organization of Information 2nd Ed.《信息組織》（第二版）5. Automatic Indexing by F.W. Lancaster from Indexing and Abstracting in Theory and Practice, 3ed.《標引與文摘的理論與實踐》（第三版）

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：Although some information packages seem to have an easily determined subject, it may not really be so easy. A work titled history of sociology is about the discipline of sociology ; but it is more specifically aboutsociology from a historical perspective while not being about the disciplineof history. This distinction has a certain subtlety that is learned througheducation in our present-day Western tradition. It is possible that in another place and time, history would be considered to be the major subjectof anything historical, regardless of the specific topic.Cultural DifferencesAn understanding of the place of one's culture as well as one's education in determining subject matter is also important.  George Lakoffhas written about the research of Brent Berlin and Paul Kay on the understanding of color depending upon one's language. They found that thereare eleven basic color categories in English, but in some other languagesthere are fewer basic color categories. In languages that have only twobasic color terms, the terms are the equivalent of black and white, or cooland warm. The effect upon subject analysis of growing up in differentcultures with different languages, then, means that persons from differentplaces cannot perceive reality in exactly the same way.Another example is provided by Langridge. He comments upon theunconscious effect that must occur in the mind of a person used to the arrangement of the library in the People's University of China, where allknowledge is divided into three groups: theory of knowledge, knowledgeof the class struggle, and knowledge of the productive struggle.

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