大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測卷

內(nèi)容概要

　　本書編寫者全部來自重點高校，并均為大學(xué)英語教學(xué)第一線骨干教師。是一支中、青年實力團隊，他們最了解考生的需要、困難和愿望，更了解四六級考試的內(nèi)容、難度、重點、要點和焦點，使全書不僅有權(quán)威性，且更具實戰(zhàn)性。具有的特點有精：提供多種途徑，全方位多角度精準高效記憶單詞；穩(wěn)：穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打、步步為營、循序漸進、指導(dǎo)性強；密：題量大、點撥精、題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)、強化訓(xùn)練、迅速提高；真：真題與預(yù)測題靈活搭配，考生各取所需；全：內(nèi)容全面、一書在手、全程無憂

書籍目錄

大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test one
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Two
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Three
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Four
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Five
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Six
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Seven
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Eight
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Nine
大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測試卷 Model Test Ten

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Will We Run Out of Water？　　Picture a "ghost ship" sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.　　Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world？ For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it's all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate（provide water for）farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.　　Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why？ People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.　　"Growing populations will worsen problems with water," says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one-third of the world's projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.　　Where Water Goes　　Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation （rain or snow）.　　Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the world's population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater——about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. "If water demand continues to climb rapidly," says Postel, "there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment."　　Close to Home　　Water woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifersl layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. （For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground. ）Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.　　Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminatecl with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.　　The Source　　Where do contaminants come from？ In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases.　　In developed countries, manufacturers use i00,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. （Certain compounds, such as polychlorinatod biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States. ）　　But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.　　Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates "over enrich" these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.　　What's the Solution？　　Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-relatod problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.　　"More than 1 billion people worldwide don't have access to basic clean drinking water," says Gleick. "There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone——governments and ordinary people——to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life."　　1. What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?　　[A] The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.　　[B] Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.　　[C] Government planners over-pumped its water.　　[D] High temperature made its water badly evaporate.　　2. The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects __　　[A] does more good than harm　　[B] solves more problems than what they created　　[C] does more harm than good　　[D] brings more water to people than expected　　3. The chief causes of water shortage include __　　[A] population growth and water waste　　[B water pollution and dry weather　　[C] water waste and pollution　　[D] population growth and water pollution　　4. Americans __ could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?　　[A] living in rich areas　　[B] living in big cities but poor condition　　[C] depending on groundwater　　[D] bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind　　5. What is the main pollutant in developed countries?　　[A] Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.　　[B] Raw sewage into rivers and streams.　　[C] Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.　　[D] Household cleaners poured down the drain.　　6. How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?　　[A] By covering the whole surface of the water.　　[B] By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.　　[C] By living more rapidly than other life in water .　　[D] By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.　　7. According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?　　[A] government and housewives.　　[B] farmers and manufacturers.　　[C] ordinary people and manufacturers.　　[D] government and every person.　　……

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　　《2010新題型大學(xué)英語四級考試全真預(yù)測卷》由文都大學(xué)英語四六級命題研究中心策劃，是全國8000萬高?？忌鷤淇际走x通用教材?！　?quán)威預(yù)測，考場“似曾相識”　　預(yù)測試題：緊扣大綱 難度貼切 權(quán)威預(yù)測最新考點　　答案解析：言簡意賅 一語中的 準確把握考試命脈　　聯(lián)手名師，悉心研究經(jīng)典預(yù)測；查漏補缺，有效提高應(yīng)試水平；身臨其境，模擬真實考場氣氛；滲透技巧，傳授獨有高分訣竅?！　∽⒅貓D書品質(zhì)，締造高分經(jīng)典，四六級全程備考最優(yōu)方案

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