出版時(shí)間:2009-4 出版社:中國(guó)輕工業(yè)出版社 作者:許贛榮 編 頁數(shù):215
Tag標(biāo)簽:無
前言
第一版《發(fā)酵生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》于1996年出版以來,已有13年了。在此期間,生物技術(shù)得以大力發(fā)展。人類基因組計(jì)劃的初步完成,使生物醫(yī)藥行業(yè)正經(jīng)歷著巨大的變化;食物和能源的需求促進(jìn)了農(nóng)林業(yè)及能源領(lǐng)域中生物技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展;全球經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展也帶來了生態(tài)環(huán)境的惡化、生物多樣性的破壞,使生物技術(shù)對(duì)環(huán)境生態(tài)的保護(hù)作用得以充分地體現(xiàn)。這些巨大的變化都使第一版《發(fā)酵生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》在選題內(nèi)容及形式上應(yīng)有所更新及豐富,以適應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展的變化。為此,編者以第一版《發(fā)酵生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》為原型,在內(nèi)容及形式上作了較大幅度的調(diào)整,編成此書?! ?.書名更換 本教材的名稱以《工業(yè)生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》代替《發(fā)酵生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》,主要是因?yàn)椤鞍l(fā)酵工程(或工業(yè)發(fā)酵)”這一名稱已逐漸被“工業(yè)生物技術(shù)”所取代。“工業(yè)生物技術(shù)”可以從兩方面理解:應(yīng)用工業(yè)化技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)生物技術(shù)的目標(biāo);生物技術(shù)在工業(yè)上的應(yīng)用。生物技術(shù)是一門龐大的學(xué)科,從應(yīng)用的角度看,生物技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用于醫(yī)藥行業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)(農(nóng)作物、林產(chǎn)、畜牧業(yè))、工業(yè)(工業(yè)發(fā)酵)等領(lǐng)域。雖然這種分類方法并不是科學(xué)的分類,但在課文內(nèi)容上還是按照大家約定俗成并有所界定的工業(yè)生物技術(shù)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行選題?! ?.課文內(nèi)容的更新 本教材是以《發(fā)酵生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》為基礎(chǔ)寫成的。原教材有正文(Text A、Text B)32篇,閱讀材料22篇,論文2篇。新版教材做了較大的調(diào)整,但為使本課程的教學(xué)保持基本穩(wěn)定,每課(Lesson)中至少保留一篇原書的課文。具體的變更如下: 《工業(yè)生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語》教材中正文仍為32篇,其中18篇來自原教材,換新正文(包括標(biāo)題和內(nèi)容)14篇。部分課文的順序和原教材有所變動(dòng)。新教材中閱讀材料由22篇增至32篇。其中新增或換新閱讀材料19篇。論文仍為2篇。新增專利文獻(xiàn)資料一份。第1課至第4課,Text A和Text B均有參考譯文,從第5課起,僅Text A有參考譯文。Text B可作為學(xué)生練習(xí)翻譯之用。閱讀材料可作為快速閱讀或翻譯用。 課文的專業(yè)內(nèi)容,以工業(yè)生物技術(shù)(原發(fā)酵生物技術(shù))為主。分為基礎(chǔ)類課程內(nèi)容(如無機(jī)化學(xué)、有機(jī)化學(xué))、專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課程內(nèi)容(如生物化學(xué)、微生物學(xué)、分子生物學(xué))、專業(yè)課程內(nèi)容(發(fā)酵工程上中下游技術(shù)、發(fā)酵設(shè)備和生物技術(shù)的應(yīng)用等)三個(gè)方面?! ⌒陆滩闹校瑩Q新或新增的課文和閱讀材料所選擇的文章充實(shí)了更多的專業(yè)詞匯,專業(yè)內(nèi)容也更加豐富和全面。但根據(jù)學(xué)生的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu),這些課文內(nèi)容專業(yè)知識(shí)的深度定位于大學(xué)本科階段,同時(shí)也適合研究生等對(duì)工業(yè)生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語要求較高的層次。根據(jù)上述要求,每課中的Related Words and Expressions中的詞匯量有所增加。
內(nèi)容概要
本教材共16課,每課有正文(A、B兩篇獨(dú)立的課文),閱讀材料(兩篇),補(bǔ)充資料和練習(xí)四大部分。最后還安排了附錄,收錄了英漢微生物名稱、國(guó)際上有關(guān)生物技術(shù)的期刊名稱。 在課文內(nèi)容上,主要選擇了有關(guān)生物技術(shù)(偏重于發(fā)酵工程)的內(nèi)容,包括以下專題:無機(jī)化學(xué),有機(jī)化學(xué),分析化學(xué),生物化學(xué)(糖、蛋白質(zhì)、核酸),微生物學(xué)(菌種、操作方法),分子遺傳學(xué),代謝,酒(啤酒、葡萄酒、威士忌),生物能源,動(dòng)植物細(xì)胞培養(yǎng),干細(xì)胞培養(yǎng),抗生素,藥品的臨床評(píng)價(jià)等藥學(xué)內(nèi)容,環(huán)境生物技術(shù),發(fā)酵動(dòng)力學(xué),生化反應(yīng)器(液態(tài)及固態(tài)發(fā)酵罐),分離純化等下游技術(shù),化學(xué)分析方法,論文(摘要、前言、材料與方法)。在最后,還安排了英語論文兩篇、專利。每篇課文均有補(bǔ)充資料,如補(bǔ)充的專業(yè)詞匯、構(gòu)詞法、翻譯理論與技巧、CA縮略語精選、寫作句型句例。課文中的大多數(shù)專業(yè)詞匯還注有音標(biāo)。 本書可作為工業(yè)生物技術(shù)專業(yè)(發(fā)酵工程或生物工程)高校及大專中專學(xué)生的專業(yè)英語教材,由于在內(nèi)容上有所拓展,故也適應(yīng)于發(fā)酵工廠或研究所的有關(guān)技術(shù)人員參考。
書籍目錄
Lesson 1 Text A Elements and Compounds Text B Atomic Bonds and Molecules Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Water as a Solvent Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) True-False Questions Additional Information ExercisesLesson 2 Text A Nomenclature of Alcohols Text B Carbohydrates Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Amino Acids Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) The Plant Kingdom Additional Information ExercisesLesson 3 Text A The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle: A Carbon and Energy Wheel Text B Induction and Feedback Repression Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Toluene Biodegradation Pathways Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) Regulation of Branched Metabolic Pathway Additional Information ExercisesLesson 4 Text A Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Text B Proteins Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Macromolecules Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) Assay Procedure for Protein Concentration Additional Information ExercisesLesson 5 Text A Enzymes Text B Hydrolytic Enzymes Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Cattle Feed Enzymes and Probiotics Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) Inhibition of Enzyme Activity and Immobilized Enzymes Additional Information ExercisesLesson 6 Text A Microorganisms and Viruses Text B Introduction to Microbiology Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Cell Quantification Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) Maintenance and Storage Additional Information ExercisesLesson 7 Text A Gene Cloning in Bacteria Text B Gene Control in Prokaryotes Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Quality of the DNA Vaccines Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) Selection of Mutagens Additional Information ExercisesLesson 8 Text A Conventional Batch Fermentation Processes for Ethanol Production... Text B Batch and Continuous Processes Reading Materials ( Ⅰ ) Various Phenomena That Occur Within SSF Bioreactor Reading Materials ( Ⅱ ) Oxygen Transfer Additional Information ExercisesLesson 9Lesson 10Lesson 11Lesson 12Lesson 13Lesson 14Lesson 15Lesson 16Paper1Paper2US PatentAppendix習(xí)題參考答案參考文獻(xiàn)
章節(jié)摘錄
A less common but more sustainable method of waste disposal is anaerobic digestion. In this process waste decomposes in an enclosed chamber, unlike in a landfill site. Digestion takes place in an oxygen-freet environment. Bacteria thrive in this environment by using the oxygen that is chemically combined within the waste. They decompose waste by breaking down the molecules to form gaseous by-products ( methane ) and small quantities of solid residue. Anaerobic sewage plants produce significant quantities of methane, which can be burnt to generate electricity. Liquid and solid organic fertilisers are also formed, and can be sold to cover operating costs. For several years, sewage sludge and agricultural waste has been treated by anaerobic digestion, and the process is now being used for municipal solid waste. It requires the biodegradable section of the waste to be separated from other material and put into digestion chambers. Currently, the UK has only a small number of plants, and each can handle only a few hundred tonnes of waste each year. However, the usage of anaerobic digestion as a sustainable waste disposal method is forecast to increase. Many other countries already utilise anaerobic digestion to dispose of large amounts of waste. Denmark for example, treats 1.1 million tonnes of waste by anaerobic digestion every year. As well as recycling waste, individuals can adopt more sustainable ways of disposing it. One way is to compost any organic waste such as food and garden waste. Organic waste breaks down over a few weeks into a mulch which can be used as a soil fertiliser. Individual households have practiced small-scale composting for many years, and the UK Government is now encouraging this on a wider scale. Large-scale composting schemes are also being developed, with the collection of organic waste from parks and civic amenity sites. Garden and food wastes are collected directly from households in separate kerbside collections. Large central facilities can then compost the collected organic waste. These schemes are to help the UK meet its target of recycling and composting 33% of household waste by 2015.
圖書封面
圖書標(biāo)簽Tags
無
評(píng)論、評(píng)分、閱讀與下載
工業(yè)生物技術(shù)專業(yè)英語 PDF格式下載