威克菲爾德的牧師

內(nèi)容概要

　　奧利弗·哥爾德斯密斯的《威克菲爾德的牧師》是英國(guó)感傷主義的名作之一，這部名作既是社會(huì)小說(shuō)，又是家庭小說(shuō)。小說(shuō)主人公普里姆羅斯博士以第一人稱(chēng)敘述他一家悲歡離合的經(jīng)過(guò)。他們本屬小康之家，待人寬厚，賓至如歸。但過(guò)于天真，缺乏處世經(jīng)驗(yàn)，屢遭欺凌。普里姆羅斯受經(jīng)理他財(cái)產(chǎn)的商人之累，不幸破產(chǎn)，只得遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)去擔(dān)任一個(gè)小教區(qū)的牧師。不久，長(zhǎng)女奧利維亞為當(dāng)?shù)剜l(xiāng)紳桑希爾誘騙后又遭遺棄。同時(shí)住宅失火，全家?guī)缀鯚o(wú)棲身之地，桑希爾又暗使奸計(jì)，使牧師無(wú)力還債而入獄；次女索菲婭險(xiǎn)入歹徒之手：長(zhǎng)子因找玷辱他家門(mén)風(fēng)的桑希爾決斗而被捕。正當(dāng)山窮水盡之時(shí)，幸得桑希爾的叔父威廉爵士搭救，絕處逢生。威廉爵士娶索菲婭為妻，取消了桑希爾繼承他財(cái)產(chǎn)的權(quán)利，并把其中的三分之一劃歸奧利維亞，牧師一家得以團(tuán)聚。小說(shuō)一方面描寫(xiě)了社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的黑暗和罪惡，另一方面又創(chuàng)造了一幅純樸、真誠(chéng)、理想化了的田園家庭生活的圖畫(huà)以鼓舞讀者。其中的主人公普里姆羅斯博士啟發(fā)狄更斯創(chuàng)作小說(shuō)《‘匹克威克外傳》的主人公匹克威克的形象。哥爾德斯密斯的小說(shuō)在其他方面也對(duì)狄更斯的創(chuàng)作發(fā)生過(guò)影響。

書(shū)籍目錄

Chapter 1 The description of the family of Wakefield;
in which a kindred likeness prevails as
well of minds as of persons
Chapter 2 Family misfortunes. The loss Of fortune only
servesto increase the pride of the worthy
Chapter 3 A migration. The fortunate circumstances
of our lives are generally found at last to
be of our own procuring
Chapter 4 A proofthat even the humblest fortune
may grant happiness, which depends
not on circumstance, but constitution
Chapter 5 A new and great acquaintance introduced.
What we place mosthopes upon,
generally proves most fatal
Chapter 6 The happiness of a country;fire-side
Chapter 7 A town wit described. The dullest fellows
may learn to be comical for a night or two
Chapter 8 An amour, which promises little good
fortune, yet may be productive of much
Chapter 9 Two ladies of great distinction introduced.
Superior finery ever seems to confer
superior breeding
Chapter 10 The family endeavours to cope with their
betters. The miseries of the poor when
they attempt to appear above their
circumstances
Chapter 11 The family still resolve to hold up their
heads
Chapter 12 Fortune seems resolved to humble the
fami!y of Wakefield. Mortifications are
often more painful than real calamities
Chapter 13 Mr Burchell is found to be an enemy; for
he has the confidence to give disagreeable
advice
Chapter 14 Fresh mortifications, or a demonstration that
seeming calamities may be real blessings
Chapter 15 All Mr Burchell's villainy at once detected.
The folly of being-over-wise
Chapter 16 The family use art, which is opposed with
still greater
Chapter 17 Scarce any virtue found to resist the power
of long and pleasing temptation
Chapter 18 The pursuit of a father to reclaim a lost
child to virtue
Chapter 19 The description of a person discontented
with thepresent government,, and
apprehensive: of the loss of our liberties
Chapter 20 The history of a philosophic vagabond,
pursuing novelty, but losing content
Chapter 21 The short continuance of friendship amongst
the vicious, which is coeval only with
mutual satisfaction
Chapter 22 Offences are easily pardoned where there
is love at bottom
Chapter 23 None but the guilty can be long and completely
miserable
Chapter 24 Fresh calamities
Chapter 25 No situation, however wretched it seems,
but has some sort of comfort attending it
Chapter 26 A reformation in the gaol. To make laws
complete, they should reward as well
as punish
Chapter 27 The same subject continued
Chapter 28 Happiness and misery rather the result of
prudence than of virtue in this life. Temporal
evils or felicities being regarded by heaven as
things merely in themselves trifling and
unworthy its care in the distribution
Chapter 29 The equal dealings of providence demonstrated
with regard to the happy and the miserable
here below. That from the nature of pleasure
and pain, the wretched must be repaid the
balance of their sufferings in the life
hereafter
Chapter 30 Happier prospects begin to appear. Let us
be inflexible, and fortune will at last change
in our favour
Chapter 31 Former benevolence now repaidwith
unexpected interest
Chapter 32 The conclusion

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