牡丹亭

前言

　　中國歷史上有四大古典詩?。涸摹段鲙洝罚鞔摹赌档ねぁ?，清代的《長(zhǎng)生殿》和《桃花扇》?！段鲙洝穼憪矍楹头饨ㄋ枷氲拿?，《牡丹亭》更進(jìn)一步，寫愛情的生死斗爭(zhēng)。如果說《西廂記》中愛情戰(zhàn)勝了父母之命的封建思想，那么，《牡丹亭》中杜麗娘還魂，起死回生，可以說是愛情戰(zhàn)勝了死亡。和這四大詩劇差不多同時(shí)，西方有莎士比亞的歷史悲劇可以和中國的古典詩劇先后媲美。一般說來，《西廂記》寫張生和鶯鶯的愛情，舞臺(tái)本到第四折的“草橋驚夢(mèng)”為止，以情人的生離作結(jié)。莎劇《羅蜜歐與朱麗葉》比《西廂記》約晚一二百年，寫羅朱的青春戀和家族的矛盾，以情人的死別作結(jié)。生離死別，都是人生悲劇。但《西廂記》五折本以張生和鶯鶯的婚配結(jié)束，說明古代中國人對(duì)大團(tuán)圓的愛好；莎劇卻寫情人的死亡化解了家族的矛盾，顯示了以理化情的趨勢(shì)，從中可以看出中西文化發(fā)展的不同?！赌档ねぁ返淖髡邷@祖和莎士比亞是同代人。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《牡丹亭》是明代大曲家湯顯祖的代表作，與《西廂記》、《長(zhǎng)生殿》、《桃花扇》一起被譽(yù)為“四大名劇”，它們體現(xiàn)了我國古代戲劇作品的最高成就。湯顯祖描寫杜麗娘的美貌很成功，而描寫杜麗娘的感情和理想的那些片段更具魅力。通過杜麗娘的形象，《牡丹亭》表達(dá)了當(dāng)時(shí)廣大男女青年要求個(gè)性解放，要求愛情自由、婚姻自主的呼聲，并且暴露了封建禮教對(duì)人們幸福生活和美好理想的摧殘。

書籍目錄

前言第一本第一出　標(biāo)目第二出　言懷第三出　訓(xùn)女第四出　腐嘆第五出　延師第二本第一出　悵眺第二出　閨塾第三出　肅苑第四出　驚夢(mèng)第三本第一出　慈戒第二出　尋夢(mèng)第三出　訣謁第四出　寫真第四本第一出　詰病第二出　診祟第三出　鬧殤第四出　冥判第五本第一出　拾畫第二出　玩真第三出　魂游第四出　幽媾第五出　歡撓

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Chen: A girl student should get up at cocks crow, wash her face, rinse her mouth, brush her teeth, comb her hair and pay respect to her parents. When the sun is up, she shall attend to her work. Now your work is to study, so you must get up early.　　Belle: I will not be late any more. Fragrant: And I will not go to bed tonight but wait at midnight for you to teach us.　　Chen: Have you gone over the verse I taught you yesterday？　　Belle: Yes, I have. Will you please explain it today？　　Chen: Read the text first.　　Belie: By riverside are cooing A pair of turtledoves. A good young man is wooing A fair maiden he loves.　　Chen: Now listen please. Turtledove is a bird which represents love and cooing its love call. Fragrant: How will it call？ （Chen imitates the cooing and Fragrant echoes with a funny sound.）　　Chen: The turtledove is a gentle bird living by the riverside. Fragrant: Oh, I understand. I remember it happened yesterday or the day before, this year or last year, that a turtledove kept in the cage was set free by our young mistress and it flew to the river and sighed.　　Chen: Nonsense！ A pair of turtledoves is evocative. It will make us think of a pair of lovers.　　Fragrant: A pair of what？

編輯推薦

　　中華文明是世界上唯一歷時(shí)五千年未曾中斷且歷久彌新的文明，成就了這一文明的中華文化源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)、博大精深。本叢書從浩如煙海的中華文化古籍中精選在歷史上影響至巨且深為西方讀者矚目的經(jīng)典，作為了解中國傳統(tǒng)文化的必讀書目，在保持當(dāng)下最新的學(xué)術(shù)研究水準(zhǔn)的前提下.以漢英對(duì)照版本，讓國內(nèi)外讀者一睹古代典籍的原貌，原汁原味地汲取中華文明的精華和真諦?！　“沤度~上雨難留，芍藥梢頭風(fēng)欲收。畫意無明偏著眼，春光有路暗抬頭?！　hinese civilization is the only civilization in the world that has been developing continuously for 5，000 years and is as dynamic as it has ever been. The books in this series have been carefully selected from a vast number of Chinese classics that were enormously influ- ential throughout history， and have received considerable attention from Western readers. Since these books are fundamental to the understanding of traditional Chinese culture， both the Chinese texts and the corre- sponding English translations are provided so that the highest current standards of academic research can be maintained. This allows both Chinese and foreign people to read original ancient Chinese books and capture the essence of Chinese civilization.

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