第二語言語用能力的發(fā)展

出版時間:2009-11  出版社:上海交通大學出版社  作者:孫曉曦 著  頁數(shù):245  

前言

  在語言發(fā)展的早期,語用系統(tǒng)占有重要的地位。語言技能中的語言運用因素也是全面了解語言系統(tǒng)發(fā)展過程全貌的一個重要因素。這一點在語言學界早已達成共識。但盡管如此,有關(guān)語用能力(pragmatic competence)習得方面的研究工作極少,尤其在我國,現(xiàn)有文獻中針對英語初學者第二語言語用能力發(fā)展的研究還很缺乏。為彌補這一缺憾,本研究描述和探索了母語為漢語的小學生英語語用能力的發(fā)展過程?! ”緯芯康木唧w問題為: ?。?)母語為漢語的小學生英語語用能力呈現(xiàn)出怎樣的發(fā)展趨勢? ?。?)母語為漢語的小學生英語語用能力的發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)哪些特點? ?。?)母語為漢語的小學生英語語用能力的發(fā)展受何種因素影響?這些因素又是如何影響學生英語語用能力發(fā)展的?  全書分為八個章節(jié)。第一章為導論,闡述了第二語言語用能力研究的背景、目的和意義。第二章為理論背景,介紹了第二語言語用能力研究的歷史,語用能力、交際行為的定義,交際行為評價表——精簡版(INCA-A)的理論依據(jù)及特點,語用能力發(fā)展的其他指標,如交際策略、程式化語言,影響第二語言語用能力發(fā)展的因素等。第三章介紹了本研究所采用的方法,即數(shù)據(jù)收集和分析的過程。第四章是定量研究,即根據(jù)不同年級小學生的交際行為頻率變化,揭示其第二語言語用能力發(fā)展過程的特點。第五章是定性研究,即通過實例分析,描述不同年級小學生交際行為的特點及模式,進而探討其第二語言語用能力發(fā)展。

內(nèi)容概要

本書以“交際行為評價表(精簡版)”為框架,在社會交際層面、言語行為層面和社會交際-言語行為結(jié)合層面觀察了母語為漢語的小學生在交際中英語的使用情況,并分析描述了他們第二語言語用能力的發(fā)展特點和模式。本書進一步分析了母語為漢語的小學生交際策略、程式化語言的使用特點及第二語言語法能力對語用能力發(fā)展的影響,較全面地揭示了母語為漢語的小學生第二語言語用能力的發(fā)展,同時證明了兒童母語語用能力發(fā)展研究中廣泛使用的分析框架交際行為評價表-精簡版(INCA-A)在第二語言語用能力發(fā)展研究中的可行性。

作者簡介

  王同順,教授,博士生導師。畢業(yè)于上海外國語大學,先后在英國伯明翰大學和美國舊金山州立大學訪學。曾任上海交大外國語學院院長,獲得上海市高校優(yōu)秀青年教師稱號,國家級優(yōu)秀教學成果獎二等獎,上海市優(yōu)秀教學成果獎一等獎,教育部優(yōu)秀教材一等獎。
  從事應用語言學研究,主要方向為二語習得、大綱設(shè)計等,并長期從事教材編寫,近十年出版《多維英語——探索》、《多維英語——熟諳》、《新視角研究生英語讀說寫》等教材30余本:發(fā)表論文20余篇。

書籍目錄

1 Introduction   1.1 Background   1.2 Research background of the present study   1.3 Research objective and outline of the book  2 The Pragmatic and Acquisitional Perspectives on L2 Pragmatics   2.1 Introduction   2.2 A pragmatic perspective   2.3 Other indexes of L2 pragmatic development   2.4 A second language acquisitional perspective-influence of L2 grammatical competence   2.5 Summary  3 Research Design   3.1 Introduction   3.2 Research questions   3.3 Procedures of data collection and transcription   3.4 Data analysis   3.5 Summary  4 Developmental Pattern of Chinese Children EFL Learners' Performance of CAs   4.1 Introduction   4.2 General measures of chinese Children EFL learners pragmatic competence   4.3 Repertoire of social interchanges engaged in by children   4.4 Repertoire of speech acts engaged in by children   4.5 English pragmatic flexibility of children   4.6 Summary  5 Developmental Characteristics of Chinese Children EFL Learners' Performance of CAs   5.1 Introduction   5.2 Examination of CA at the social interchange level across the four grades   5.3 Examination of CA at the speech act level across the four grades   5.4 Examination of CA at the social interchange-speech act combination level across the four grades   5.5 Summary  6 Other Indexes of Chinese Children EFL Learners' Pragmatic Development   6.1 Introduction   6.2 Strategies used by Chinese children EFL learners in performing the speech acts of request and apology  6.3 Formulaic speech in children's utterances   6.4 Summary  7 The Factor Influencing 1-2 Pragmatic DeveloPment of Chinese Children EFL Learners   7.1 Introduction   7.2 The effect of L2 grammatical competence on L2 pragmatic development at the interchange level   7.3 The influence of L2 grammatical competence on L2 pragmatic development at the speech act level   7.4 The effect of L2 grammatical competence on L2 pragmatic development at the combination level   7.5 Summary  8 Conclusion and Implications   8.1 Introduction   8.2 Conclusion   8.3 Implications  References

章節(jié)摘錄

  In order to work on the development of pragmatic competence in children, Rose (2000) conducted a study of pragmatic development in production of request, apology and compliment response by three different proficiency groups of ESL students in a primary school. By adopting a cartoon-based, oral-production tasks, Rose provided the evidence that the high-proficiency learners tended to use more indirect request strategies, more supportive moves in apologizing, more apology adjuncts and more compliment-response adjuncts. Developmental studies of pragmatic comprehension in L2  Compared to the studies on pragmatic production, there are fewer studies on the development of ESL or EFL learners ability to comprehend the communicative meaning. A series of longitudinal studies of this kind were conducted by Bouton (1988, 1989, 1992, 1994) who took four and a half years to track how his participants (who were NNSs of English) gradually developed the ability to understand implicature in English. The data from the studies informed him that there was a developmental sequence in the interpreting of implicature.  One of the earlier cross-sectional studies on development of pragmatic comprehension was conducted by Carrell (1981). In order to find a possible degree of difficulty in understanding indirect requests, Carrell chose learners at four proficiency levels——low-intermediate, intermediate, high-intermediate, and advanced, and asked them to interpret a single request which was expressed in different forms varying from the positive to negative and to the ones with complex syntactic structures. It seemed that all of the four groups could interpret the requests in simple positive or negative forms, but the lower proficiency level did have difficulty in understanding the requests in syntactically complex forms, which indicated a hierarchy of difficulty.

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