江南民居

前言

　　Everyone has his own memories， among which the old house is theessential one. I have read a piece of information in a magazine thatSamual C.C.Ting， an ethnic Chinese scientist who won the Nobel Prizefor physics in 1976， carefully placed together the medal and the certificateof the Nobel Prize， the primary experimental datum and treatise inmanuscript， the telegram to inform him of the award， the air tickets for re-ceiving the prize as well as the layout of Tings old house located inTaoluo Town of Rizhao City， Shandong Province and drawn by his fatherfrom memory， and safely kept them in a metal trunk.　　The goal of Ting s scientific research is to search for the existence of"antimatter" and"dark matter". As a scientist with large concepts butcasting his research to diminutive materials， Ting values the layout of oldhouse as much as the medal of the Nobel Prize and his treatise and hekeeps them together to show that the old house is very important and sig-nificant to him in his life.　　I think that a man from the countryside must have attached specialfeeling to the old house because the old house has the function of subcon-scious motivation to him. To myself， my occupational choice is closely re-lated to my old house. When I studied as a second-year student in juniorhigh school， a senior schoolmate named YU Kuan told me that he wantedto engage in architectural design when he grew up. What he said drove meto choose the university and my subject major， but the old house alsoplayed an important role in my choice. As a sophomore， when I talkedwith my classmate named LIU Zhengcai about our dreams， he told me thathe wanted to read more books on Marxism-Leninism， and I told him Iwanted to travel and visit all the places in Zhejiang Province， and the oldhouses were also the motivation for my dream. Both of our dreams havecome true： he found a job at a newspaper， and I got a job in a governmentoffice for town and country planning and designing.

內(nèi)容概要

本書作者以文化拾穗的方式論述了江南民居的生成發(fā)展條件和文化內(nèi)涵，它以合院式形制，大屋頂、木構(gòu)架、抬梁與穿斗結(jié)合。江南民居不僅僅是住人的容器，而且還有品節(jié)制度、禮儀精神。作者還論述了江南傳統(tǒng)大屋中人與天地之間的辯證關(guān)系。

作者簡介

　　DING Junqing， born in Longyou County of ZhejiangProvince in 1943， studied in the Department of Architectureof Tongji University， China and graduated in 1968. He hasbeen engaged in planning and design management for morethan 40 years. He served as an assistant chief engineerin Wenzhou Planning Bureau， President of Wenzhou CityPlanning and Design Institute and Senior City Planner. Hehas published many books including Study on ResidenceCulture in China， Village Buildings in Wenzhou， GushuiLongyou as well as a poetry anthology-Flint.

書籍目錄

PrefaceChapter I: The Country Grows from under the Roof of the House Chapter II: The Walls South of the Yangtze--Beauty  Lies  in  AppropriateMake-ups Chapter III: The Entrance--the Gate of Folk Houses South of the YangtzeChapter IV: Courtyard and Patio forSacrifice to Heaven and Ancestors Chapter V: The Moral and Majestic Institution of Folk Houses Chapter VI : The Space Frame and Pattern of Folk Houses--theLand-attached  Character and Agriculture-centered Feature Chapter VII: Instructive Functions of Folk Homes Chapter VIII : Environmental Awareness and Universality of Folk HomesChapter IX : Stonework and Carpen- try of Folk Houses Chapter X : Stucco-covered Walls and Dark Blue. Tiles--The Natural Beauty of Folk Houses IndexPostscript

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Upon inheriting the traditional style of ancient buildings， the curvedroof south of the Yangtze has been simplified according to the practicalcondition and needs. The prominent feature of the roof is its function be-sides the universal spirit inherited from the ancients.　　Among the folk houses， the roofings of the ordinary people are builtin straight slopes， but those of the nobles are built in inverted-universeroofs which are formed by adopting the raising-of-truss method. The alti-tude difference of the adjacent ridge-poles is calculated by the length ofthe supporting rack times numbers of the supporting poles. This makes theroof form an "A-shaped slope for the good drainage and for the immobil-ity of the roof which is securely clasped by the pressure of the roof tiles.Just like the curved palm， the inverted-universe roofs can make the roofobtain the tensile force which equals the inherent stress in reinforced con-crete to strengthen the rigidity of the whole roof truss. This kind of roof isalso good for wind resistance because the wind will glide away along thecurved surface to reduce the pressure.　　When the famous Chinese esthetician Professor ZONG Baihua de-scribed the beauty of the colourful collocations and the golden decorationsin his　　"Aesthetics Causerie"， he took the poems written by the two fa-mous literati XIE Lingyun and YAN Yanzhi of the Southern Song Dy-nasty as examples. He said that XIE S poems were natural and lovely justlike the budding lotus， and YAN s poems were noble and elegant just likethe unfolded colourful samite. XIEs poems were like the bathing beau-ties and YAN s poems were like the elegant colourful samite. They typifythe two esthetic sentiments in the history of aesthetics of China. TheChu-verses of the Warring States Period， the poetic essays of the Hart Dy-nasty， the porcelain wares of the Ming and Qing Dynasties， the modemembroideries， and the costumes of Beijing Opera belong to the colourfuland elegant beauty. The bronze wares of the Han Dynasty， the calligraphyof WANG Xizhi， the paintings of GU Kaizhi， the ceramic whitewares ofthe Song Dynasty belong to the lovely and natural beauty.

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