英語文化與交際

前言

21世紀(jì)要求高校培養(yǎng)的人才既要有知識又要有能力，也就是說，高校畢業(yè)生不僅要具有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識，而且還要有寬廣的知識面，文理結(jié)合，全面發(fā)展。這一要求對高校的外語教學(xué)也提出了新的任務(wù)。高校外語教學(xué)不能再像以前那樣只重語言知識的傳授，而是要幫助培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的各種英語能力，為他們適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會做積極的準(zhǔn)備。新頒布的《大學(xué)英語課程教學(xué)要求》和新修訂的《非英語專業(yè)碩士／博士學(xué)位研究生英語教學(xué)基本要求（試行）》也明確地反映了這一點(diǎn)?！洞髮W(xué)英語課程教學(xué)要求》指出：大學(xué)英語課程不僅是一門語言基礎(chǔ)課程，也是拓寬知識、了解世界文化的素質(zhì)教育課程，兼有工具性和人文性。因此，設(shè)計(jì)大學(xué)英語課程時(shí)也應(yīng)當(dāng)充分考慮對學(xué)生的文化素質(zhì)培養(yǎng)和國際文化知識的傳授?！斗怯⒄Z專業(yè)碩士／博士學(xué)位研究生英語教學(xué)基本要求（試行）》也指出：各個(gè)院校和科研機(jī)構(gòu)可以根據(jù)需要和可能，為學(xué)生開設(shè)實(shí)用性強(qiáng)的各類英語選修課程，如以語言、文學(xué)、哲學(xué)、文化、外國概況等為內(nèi)容的素質(zhì)課，以社會交往、國際禮儀等為內(nèi)容的社交課，以英語國家生存常識為內(nèi)容的出國預(yù)備課等。博士研究生英語的教學(xué)目的以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行工作和研究的能力為重點(diǎn)，通過英語教學(xué)有效地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行工作溝通和學(xué)術(shù)交流的能力。在大綱的指導(dǎo)下，近年來，許多綜合性重點(diǎn)高校都在積極進(jìn)行英語課程結(jié)構(gòu)的改革。除傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)英語課程外，許多高校都開設(shè)了各種門類的英語選修課，以幫助提高畢業(yè)生的英語綜合應(yīng)用能力，增強(qiáng)自主學(xué)習(xí)能力，培養(yǎng)綜合文化素養(yǎng)，適應(yīng)我國社會發(fā)展和國際交流的需要。高校英語選修課門類現(xiàn)在雖然很多，但歸納起來，主要有三類，即“語言實(shí)際知識與技能類”、“語言應(yīng)用類”和“語言與文化類”?！罢Z言實(shí)際知識與技能類”主要涉及閱讀、口語、寫作、聽力、翻譯技能的進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)，如中高級口譯、翻譯理論與實(shí)踐、演講與辯論等；“語言應(yīng)用類”包括商務(wù)英語、傳媒英語、科技英語、英語學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作、應(yīng)用文寫作等；“語言與文化類”涉及英美社會與文化、西方文學(xué)選讀、影視欣賞、英美報(bào)刊選讀等。針對這些選修課，有些高校也編寫了相應(yīng)的教材，但總體上，教材的門類不全，有些課程老師就是選不到一本對教、學(xué)雙方都適用的教材，有的甚至找不到任何教材，造成某些課程都是老師自編講義，或每個(gè)地方湊一點(diǎn)拿來作為課堂教學(xué)使用，因而在教學(xué)內(nèi)容的系統(tǒng)性、延續(xù)性和規(guī)范性方面都存在較大的隨意性，也不方便學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)。

內(nèi)容概要

本書介紹了英美兩國社會文化背景和生活習(xí)俗，共分十二章，涵蓋政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會生活等諸多方面，每章還有相關(guān)話題討論、文化知識測試和名人名言，將英美文化的學(xué)習(xí)融人口語、閱讀和寫作練習(xí)中。兼具實(shí)用性與知識性。    可用作研究生、本科生選修課教材，也適合讀者自學(xué)使用。

書籍目錄

Chapter 1  Introduction to Cross-Cultural Communication  1.1  Overview  1.2  Features of Culture  1.3  Culture and Language  1.4  Intercultural Communication  1.5  Culture ShockChapter 2  One Man's Meat Is Another Man's Poison: American and British Characters and Values  2.1  American Values  2.2  British ValuesChapter 3  Actions Speak Louder than Words:  An Overview of Non-Verbal Communication  3.1  Classification of NVC  3.2  Body LanguageChapter 4  When in Rome, Do as the Romans Do: Traditions and Customs  4.1  Manners and Etiquette  4.2  Love, Marriage, and Family  4.3  Catering Culture and Table Manners  4.4  House in America and BritainChapter 5  Let Words Work Right for You: Formal and Informal English  5.1  British English and American English  5.2  Formal and Informal English  5.3  English Slang: An In{ormal LanguageChapter 6  Let's Strike a Deal: Business Communication  6.1  Business Etiquette  6.2  Writing Business Letters  6.3  Writing Business E-mailChapter 7  Knowledge Is Power: Education  7.1  Education in the United States  7.2  Education in the United Kingdom  7.3  Graduation Ceremony in the U.S.and the U.K.Chapter 8  To Get the Lion's Share: Economic Life  8.1  General Overview of American Economy  8.2  General Overview of British EconomyChapter 9  All Work and No Play Makes Jack a Dull Boy: Entertainment and Leisure Activities  9.1  Mass Media and Sports in the United States  9.2  Mass Media and Sports in Great BritainChapter 10  Histories Make Men Wise: History and Government  10.1  History and Government of the United States  10.2  History and Government of Great BritainChapter 11  See God to Believe, or Believe God to See: Religions and Beliefs  11.1  Religions in the United States  11.2  Religions in the United Kingdom  11.3  Belief in God and Church-Going in the U.S.and the U.K.  11.4  Religion and Science  11.5  Religion and PoliticsChapter 12  Let's Paint the Town Red and Celebrate: Holidays and Festivals  12.1  Overview  12.2  Holidays and Festivals Shared by the U.S.and the U.K.  12.3  Uniquely American Holidays and Festivals  12.4  Uniquely British Holidays and FestivalsSuggested Answers to Activities and ExercisesBibliography

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：6. Study each numbered passage below. Be prepared to explain the meaning of each. Then consider each in relation to the statements given above in 5. Which idea, or part of the idea, does each passage support？ Explain your answers.   1） "Seeing is believing. "2） The famous folk story of Blind Men and the Elephant. The first man reached up and felt the elephant's ear and said that the elephant was like a fan. The second felt the tail and said the elephant was like a rope. The third, feeling the elephant' s leg, said that the elephant was like a tree. The fourth man felt the elephant's trunk and said that the elephant was like a snake, The fifth man seized the elephant's tusk and said that the elephant was like a stick. The last man, feeling the elephant's side, said that the elephant was like a wall. And all of them were right.3） The traditional Chinese dictionaries have no equivalents for the English words geriatrics （the study of the diseases of old age）, gerontology （the study of old age）, or senior citizen （a polite American substitute for "old man" or "old woman"）.   4） In a sect of the Hindu religion, all physical matter is given equal protection by the believers' vow not to kill: they take remarkable care to preserve all living things. House vermin are not killed: they are removed from a house when being spotted. In strict practice the mouth is covered by a cloth so that the air will not be injured.5） Mountain climbing is a popular sport in Western cultures. Once, when asked why he risked life and limb to climb a mountain, an English mountain climber replied, "I climb the mountains because they are there. "6） Harry Truman, former U. S. president, was typical in many ways of the American character and value system One of his favorite responses, when people tried to convince him to support a grand and expensive project, was, "I am from Missouri： you'll have to show me. "

編輯推薦

《英語文化與交際》：高校外語教學(xué)不只著重語言知識的傳授，還要幫助培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的各種英語能力，為適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會作積極的準(zhǔn)備。開設(shè)實(shí)用性強(qiáng)的各類英語選修課程，如以語言、文學(xué)、哲學(xué)、義化、外國概況等為內(nèi)容的素質(zhì)課，以社會交際、國際禮儀等為內(nèi)容的社交課，以英語國家生存常識為內(nèi)容的出國預(yù)備課等，通過英語教學(xué)有效地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行工作溝通和學(xué)術(shù)交流的能力。

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