高級(jí)口語演練

內(nèi)容概要

　　口語交流無疑是最便捷最直觀最有效的交際手段之一。為了學(xué)習(xí)口語，將語言知識(shí)變?yōu)檎Z言技能應(yīng)貫穿于英語學(xué)習(xí)的全過程，在這一過程中應(yīng)當(dāng)努力克服口語學(xué)習(xí)方面的心理障礙；堅(jiān)持聽說貫通，注重培養(yǎng)語感，強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練力度；擴(kuò)大訓(xùn)練流量，不斷提高語言表達(dá)能力和語言交際能力。本教程是北京外國語大學(xué)應(yīng)用英語學(xué)院同英國文化委員會(huì)（British Council）合作，經(jīng)過7年編寫，3年試用而推出的一套高級(jí)英語自學(xué)教程?！案呒?jí)英語自學(xué)系列教程”是為具有中級(jí)英語水平的英語愛好者專門設(shè)計(jì)的，對(duì)已經(jīng)學(xué)過兩年英語或已經(jīng)取得大學(xué)英語4級(jí)證書的讀者尤為適用本教程以語言，文化和情景為主線，融聽、說、讀、寫、譯5項(xiàng)技能于一體，通過各種學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)使學(xué)習(xí)者獲得用英語進(jìn)行實(shí)際交流的能力。 本教程的特點(diǎn)是適用于自學(xué)，每項(xiàng)學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)都有反饋和參考答案。其中的3本《成功指南》則是為學(xué)習(xí)者提供自身的素質(zhì)如自主學(xué)習(xí)能力、良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和技巧等方面專門設(shè)計(jì)的。 本教程的另一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是模塊學(xué)分制。共分兩個(gè)模塊： 一、英語語言交際模塊 《成功指南1—導(dǎo)向》、《成功指南2—學(xué)習(xí)技巧》、《高級(jí)日常英語》、《高級(jí)英語寫作》、《高級(jí)休閑英語》、《跨文化交際》、《高級(jí)職業(yè)英語》、《變化中的英語》、《高級(jí)時(shí)事英語》、《文學(xué)閱讀與欣賞》。 二、職業(yè)培訓(xùn)模塊 《成功指南3—職業(yè)性》、《英語教學(xué)法》（下）、《語言與語言學(xué)：實(shí)用手冊(cè)》、《論文項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)》、《英語教學(xué)法》（上）。此書另配2盤磁帶（隨另附費(fèi)購買）。

書籍目錄

　　Unit 1　Public SpeakingUnit 2　Job Hunting and Job HoppingUnit 3　Science and TechnologyUnit 4　Road to SuccessUnit 5　Higher EducationUnit 6　Tourist IndustryUnit 7　Love and MarriageUnit 8　Women in Modern TimesUnit 9　Getting China to BuyUnit 10　Environmental ProtectionUnit 11　Foreign TradeUnit 12　Reform and Opening-upUnit 13　Special Economic ZonesUnit 14　Corporation ManagementUnit 15　Social ResponsibilityUnit 16　Information Technology

章節(jié)摘錄

　　書摘Task 3　Group Discussion1. What will you take into account when choosing your partner?When we are in love with someone, we seldom think about anything else except our own feeling. But if we are to marry someone, we would usually think over what qualities we hope our partners have.A sense of responsibility tops the list of the qualities that I want myfuture partner to have, for it is essential to the maintenance of a stable marriage. Second come honesty and sense of humor, which are of the samesignificance, since honesty is the basis for trust, while a sense of humor canmake everyday life more enjoyable, ease the tension in our life and help us gain relaxation from the tense competition outside in society. After these qualities, I believe potential power and intelligence are also important,especially the former. As for some other qualities, such as income, age,height, etc. , they do not mean so much as the previous ones, but it will be better if he/she has a steady income, and his/her age and height can match mine.Obviously, it is hard to find a person with all these desired qualities.What we should keep in mind is that we can never attach too much importance to the trivial and material ones and neglect the major ones.2. Views on divorce When people get married, nobody would expect their marriage to end up in a divorce. But if the marriage does not have a solid foundation, for example, in the case of arranged marriage or material-oriented marriage, it is very likely for the couple to split up in the end. And sometimes both sides are expecting too much of their marriage but neither of them wants to take any responsibility, then very possibly the two will turn their backs to each other some day.Some say divorce is the tragedy of a failed marriage, but this is notnecessarily the case. If the couple extremely cannot forbear to live togetherand always quarrel or stay in a "cold war", they can choose to separate, because such a situation brings forth lots of problems, unhappy life, ineffective work, bad memory for children, etc.. If so, diyorce offers them an opportunity to end their misery and turn a new leaf in their life. But just as everything has two sides, to get a divorce is to some extent to replace one social problem with other problems.　For instance, it results in broken families and may cause misery to both the children and the divorced parents.The parents' divorce is very terrible to their children. The young will feel lonely, having an incomplete life. They will be in lack of warm love from their parents.　All this might make the children become a social problem -- drug addicts, gamblers, gangsters, etc.. In addition, it might cause a mental or psychological illness.Divorce also has negative effects on the partners. It can make them unhappy and poorer. They'll be easy to get angry. More seriously, it may lead to life failure in weak people, because after they separate to live alone,each person's burden will increase. The situation will be even worse if he/she has to bring up the children.Therefore, when their marriage is in trouble, the couple should first try to find out the problem and solve it. They have to be understanding and tolerant.　Only when they have no other choice, should they carefully consider choosing divorce to be their last resort.3. Dink family or happy familyThe great changes taking place in China in the past decades have led togreat　changes　in　the　Chinese　family　structure.　Together　with　the　implementation of population control policy, these changes result in thedisintegration of large extended families, and bring about more and more smaller families such as stem families and nuclear families. In the recent decade, the rapid economic growth and huge influx of western ideas have witnessed the emergence of another type of family -- Dink family, i. e. family with double income but no kids.Personally, I think Dink family is just a matter of choice. For some couples, they choose not to have kids because they want to devote their efforts to the larger community instead of their own family, just like the way Premier Zhou did in his lifetime. While others do so because they do not believe they can be qualified parents. They feel they could have other alternatives since they are not good at parenthood.　And this at least is better than when they find they are incapable of bring up their kids. Of course there are also such people who consider freedom, privacy and leisure more important than becoming parents. They choose to have no children simply because they do not want to be bound to the heavy burden of childcare and the resulting housework. But anyway, it is not so serious a problem as falling away from biological or social norms. It is only people's different choice of their own lifestyle.However, though the problem of overpopulation is quite serious in China, Dink family is not advisable. One of the main reasons is that the problem of the aging population in our country is also very pressing now. Moreover, most of the couples who choose to live in Dink families are well-educated.　This will result in a possible decrease in the overall level of intelligence of the future generations. What's more, many Dink families tend to be less stable than families with kids. Therefore, in present China,one-child family may still be a better choice for most people and the country as well.……

媒體關(guān)注與評(píng)論

　　序我國改革開放20余年來，社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷取得新的發(fā)展，人們的學(xué)習(xí)理念亦隨之發(fā)生深刻的變化。其中對(duì)教育改革的反思和創(chuàng)新，表現(xiàn)在探索改變傳統(tǒng)外語教學(xué)模式努力之中尤為顯卓。九十年代中期，在上海市緊缺人才培訓(xùn)工程架構(gòu)下所創(chuàng)建的“外語口譯資格證書考試項(xiàng)目”應(yīng)該可被視作上海高校外語教育和考試領(lǐng)域中的一個(gè)重大舉措。幾年來，在英語口譯資格證書考試與培訓(xùn)活動(dòng)中，由于定位得當(dāng)，教材和考試組織合理，有關(guān)方面領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和專家的理念創(chuàng)新，業(yè)已吸引越來越多的具有較強(qiáng)英語功底的英語人才通過培訓(xùn)和考試，“盤活知識(shí)存量”，使自己的英語才能得以在應(yīng)用中得到“變現(xiàn)”。數(shù)以萬計(jì)的英語人才參加高、中級(jí)口譯資格證書考試的熱烈場面；和數(shù)以百計(jì)的高校英語教師參與培訓(xùn)和考試閱卷與口試等工作充分顯示了全社會(huì)為改變傳統(tǒng)外語學(xué)習(xí)不能“學(xué)以致用”的弊病的巨大努力，也證明了這一考試項(xiàng)目的強(qiáng)大生命力?？荚囄瘑T會(huì)和專家組，在總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不斷完善的思路指引下，于2001年已經(jīng)完成了高級(jí)口譯培訓(xùn)教材的修訂工作。新面世的第二版的培訓(xùn)指定教材以其權(quán)威性、科學(xué)性和應(yīng)用性的特點(diǎn)已受到各方面的好評(píng)。目前，新版的中級(jí)口譯培訓(xùn)教材業(yè)已進(jìn)入修改重訂程序，于2002年內(nèi)將以全新的面貌由上海外語教育出版社出版發(fā)行。為配合英語高級(jí)口譯資格證書考試的培訓(xùn)工作，東華大學(xué)外語學(xué)院的楊永平老師等根據(jù)多年培訓(xùn)教學(xué)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和對(duì)考試大綱的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解編寫了同指定教材相匹配的一套五本高級(jí)口譯輔導(dǎo)學(xué)習(xí)教材。作為本項(xiàng)目考試委員會(huì)、專家組及指定教材編委會(huì)的成員，我個(gè)人認(rèn)為，整套輔導(dǎo)教材對(duì)于教學(xué)培訓(xùn)過程具有積極作用。尤其通過對(duì)這本口語輔導(dǎo)教程的審校修改，我覺得它可以為師生在教學(xué)過程提供輔助和延展的支持功能。根據(jù)本人長期從事英語口語教學(xué)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和實(shí)踐的體會(huì)而言，有以下幾點(diǎn)重要的建議愿同廣大的教師和學(xué)員分享。第一，口語是外語學(xué)習(xí)和應(yīng)用的重要基礎(chǔ)。我們把外語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)從知識(shí)的積累轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)嵺`應(yīng)用的過程中，特別是按口譯人才的要求來提高外語水平，充分重視口語的作用是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的要素。第二，口語學(xué)習(xí)和考試的要求應(yīng)置重點(diǎn)于流暢的表達(dá)。而這一能力的培養(yǎng)主要靠實(shí)踐的訓(xùn)練。其中要克服的除了學(xué)習(xí)的惰性以外，更重要的是“怕錯(cuò)、怕羞”的心理弱點(diǎn)。第三，英語表達(dá)效果的提高，應(yīng)該充分重視口語化句型的應(yīng)用、具有邏輯性的、合理的篇章的結(jié)構(gòu)、講話者的思路及英語文化背景三大要素。并把它們有機(jī)地結(jié)合在有一定長度的表述的過程中。第四，英語口語能力是一個(gè)綜合性的因素，除了知識(shí)性的因素和熟練程度因素以外，在不同場景中的心理和行為反應(yīng)及自控能力也不能忽視此即所謂“言行舉止是一個(gè)整體”的基本道理。我們的英語口語教學(xué)要做好這幾點(diǎn)，必須同時(shí)重視聽力、閱讀、筆譯和口譯的同步提高，以取得“融會(huì)貫通”之效果。其中，學(xué)員的主體地位、教師的組織教學(xué)、教材的科學(xué)合理和訓(xùn)練的“熱能生巧”是至關(guān)重要的。我國的“人世”將加快我們社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的國際化進(jìn)程，學(xué)好英語改善溝通效果業(yè)已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。在這本口語輔導(dǎo)教程行將付樣之際，應(yīng)編纂者之誠邀為之作序，無非希望廣大參加英語高級(jí)口譯資格證書考試培訓(xùn)的教師和學(xué)員能從中得到裨益。

編輯推薦

　　口語交流無疑是最便捷最直觀最有效的交際手段之一。為了學(xué)習(xí)口語，將語言知識(shí)變?yōu)檎Z言技能應(yīng)貫穿于英語學(xué)習(xí)的全過程，在這一過程中應(yīng)當(dāng)努力克服口語學(xué)習(xí)方面的心理障礙；堅(jiān)持聽說貫通，注重培養(yǎng)語感，強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練力度；擴(kuò)大訓(xùn)練流量，不斷提高語言表達(dá)能力和語言交際能力。

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