一維納米結(jié)構(gòu)材料

前言

大學(xué)最重要的功能是向社會(huì)輸送人才。大學(xué)對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家、民族乃至世界的重要性和貢獻(xiàn)度，很大程度上是通過畢業(yè)生在社會(huì)各領(lǐng)域所取得的成就來體現(xiàn)的。中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)建校只有短短的五十年，之所以迅速成為享有較高國(guó)際聲譽(yù)的著名大學(xué)之一，主要就是因?yàn)樗囵B(yǎng)出了一大批德才兼?zhèn)涞膬?yōu)秀畢業(yè)生。他們志向高遠(yuǎn)、基礎(chǔ)扎實(shí)、綜合素質(zhì)高、創(chuàng)新能力強(qiáng)，在國(guó)內(nèi)外科技、經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育等領(lǐng)域做出了杰出的貢獻(xiàn)，為中國(guó)科大贏得了“科技英才的搖籃”的美譽(yù)。2008年9月，胡錦濤總書記為中國(guó)科大建校五十周年發(fā)來賀信，信中稱贊說：半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)依托中國(guó)科學(xué)院，按照全院辦校、所系結(jié)合的方針，弘揚(yáng)紅專并進(jìn)、理實(shí)交融的校風(fēng)，努力推進(jìn)教學(xué)和科研工作的改革創(chuàng)新，為黨和國(guó)家培養(yǎng)了一大批科技人才，取得了一系列具有世界先進(jìn)水平的原創(chuàng)性科技成果，為推動(dòng)我國(guó)科教事業(yè)發(fā)展和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，中國(guó)科大迄今已畢業(yè)的5萬(wàn)人中，已有42人當(dāng)選中國(guó)科學(xué)院和中國(guó)工程院院士，是同期（自1963年以來）畢業(yè)生中當(dāng)選院士數(shù)最多的高校之一。其中，本科畢業(yè)生中平均每1000人就產(chǎn)生1名院士和七百多名碩士、博士，比例位居全國(guó)高校之首。還有眾多的中青年才俊成為我國(guó)科技、企業(yè)、教育等領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)軍人物和骨干。在歷年評(píng)選的“中國(guó)青年五四獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆鲍@得者中，作為科技界、科技創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)界青年才俊代表，科大畢業(yè)生已連續(xù)多年榜上有名，獲獎(jiǎng)總?cè)藬?shù)位居全國(guó)高校前列。

內(nèi)容概要

　　納米材料是20世紀(jì)80年代中期一個(gè)迅速發(fā)展的材料科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，受到人們廣泛的關(guān)注?！兑痪S納米結(jié)構(gòu)材料概念、應(yīng)用和展望（英文版）》選擇性的匯集了國(guó)內(nèi)外中國(guó)科技大學(xué)校友在一維納米材料的最新科技研究成果。書中介紹了一維納米材料包括納米線、納米管和納米帶等當(dāng)今研究的趨勢(shì)、相關(guān)技術(shù)與未來發(fā)展方向，是化學(xué)、物理和材料等學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)理論研究與應(yīng)用技術(shù)的前沿集成反映?！　　兑痪S納米結(jié)構(gòu)材料概念、應(yīng)用和展望（英文版）》適合于高等學(xué)校、科研院所以及相關(guān)企業(yè)從事納米材料研發(fā)的科研人員和管理工作者，同時(shí)也可作為相關(guān)專業(yè)的師生和愛好者學(xué)習(xí)參考用書。

書籍目錄

Preface of Alumni's SerialsPrefaceChapter 1 Lipid Nanotubes and Peptide Nanotubes: Formation and Applications for Scaffolding NanomaterialsAbstract1.1 Introduction1.2 Formation of LNTs1.3 Formation of PNTs1.4 Templating nanostructures1.4.1 LNT-templating nanostructures1.4.2 PNTs templating nanostructures1.5 ConclusionAcknowledgmentsReferencesChapter 2 Introduction of Nanodevices Based on ZnO Nanowires/Nanobelts2.1 Introduction 2.2 Transport properties of ZnO nanowires/nanobelts2.2.1 Field effect transistor based on ZnO NWs2.2.2 Schottky diodes based on ZnO NBs/NWs2.3 Piezoelectronics based on ZnO NWs/ NBs2.3.1 Piezoelectricity and structure of ZnO 2.3.2 Piezoelectric nanogenerators2.4 Optoelectronics based on ZnO NWs2.4.1 UV detector2.4.2 Nanowire based nanolasers2.4.3 Nanowire array LED2.5 Chemical and biological sensors based on ZnO nanowires2.6 Doping modification, field emission and mechanical properties 2.6.1 Metal doping of ZnO2.6.2 Field emission properties of ZnO nanowire arrays2.6.3 Nanobalance based on ZnO nanowire2.7 SummaryReferencesChapter 3 Elastic Properties of One-dimensional Metal Nanoparticles Studied by Time-resolved Spectroscopy3.1 Introduction3.1.1 Metal nanoparticles 3.1.2 Time-resolved spectroscopy3.2 Theory3.3 Experimental apparatus and techniques3.3.1 Synthesis of au nanorods3.3.2 Transient absorption apparatus3 4 Experimental results 3.4.1 Characterization of au nanorods3.4.2 Transient absorption experiment3.4.3 Elastic properties of gold nanorods3.4.4 Discussion of the elastic moduli of metal nanorods3.5 Summary and conclusionAcknowledgmentReferencesChapter 4 Microwave-assisted Rapid Preparation of One-dimensional Nanostructures Abstract 4.1 Microwave-assisted ionic liquid (MAIL) method4.1.1 Preparation of elemental 1-D nanostructures4.1.2 Preparation of 1-D nanostructures of metal oxides4.1.3 Preparation of metal chalcogenide 1-D nanostructures4.1.4 Preparation of nanostructures with other morphologies4.2 Microwave-assisted polythiol reduction (MPTR) method4.3 Microwave-assisted polyol method4.4 Microwave-assisted polyol-water method4.5 Microwave-assisted aqueous solution methodReferencesChapter 5 Some Recent Developments in the Solution-Phase Synthesis of One-Dimensional Inorganic NanostructuresAbstract5.1 Introduction5.2 Coordination compounds: structural characteristics to direct anisotropic growth5.2.1 Simple complexes5.2.2 Linear coordination cluster compounds5.2.3 Metal-polymer coordination chains5.2.4 3-D coordination polymers5.3 Surfactant-based systems: microreactors to confine anisotropic growth5.3.1 Rod-like micelles5.3.2 Inorganic-surfactant intercalated mesostructures5.4 Etching and twinning: two contributions to induce anisotropic growth5.4.1 Localized oxidative etching on single-crystal seeds5.4.2 Twin defects to break cubic symmetry5.5 Concluding remarksAcknowledgementsReferencesChapter 6 One-Dimensional Nanoscale HeterostructuresAbstract6.1 Introduction6.2 Synthetic routes for 1 - D nanoscale heterostructures6.2.1 Vapor phase methods6.2.2 Solution methods 6.2.3 Lithography6.2.4 Electrospinning6.2.5 Template directed methods6.3 Typical 1 - D nanoscale heterostructures6.3.1 Co-axial nanowires6.3.2 Segmented nanowires6.4 Conclusion and remarksReferencesChapter 7 Bio Meets Nano: DNA-Based Synthesis and Assembly Toward One-Dimensional Nanostructures7.1 Introduction7.2 DNA templated electroless deposition for metallic nanowire fabrications7.3 DNA directed assembly of nanoparticle linear arrays7.3.1 DNA encoded one-dimensional array of gold nanoparticles7.3.2 RCA facilitated assembly of long, sturdy and rigid DAEE array suitable for protein organization7.4 One dimensional self-assembly on DNA-wrapped carbon nanotub7.5 DNA nanotubes: constructions and functionalizations7.6 Other examples of DNA-based one dimensional nanostructures7.7 OutlookAcknowledgementsReferencesChapter 8 Soft Chemistry Routes to Synthesis of One-Dimensional Nanostructures and Their Properties8.1 Introduction8.2 Rare earth compound 1-D nanostructures8.3 1-D nanostructures templated by organic additives8.4 Biomimetic synthesis of 1-D nanostructures8.5 Other functional 1-D nanostructured materials8.6 The formation mechanism of 1-D nanostructures8.7 Summary and outlookAcknowledgementReferences

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：When a NW was deflected, the outer surface was stretched and the innersurface was compress. According to the piezoelectric effect, an electric fieldEz was generated along the Z axis of the NW. This induced a voltage dropVs- to Vs across the top end of the NW with first order approximation.This potential drop was created by the relative displacement of Zn2 + cationsand 02- anions, so it cannot be freely moved or neutralized without anyinjected carriers. Thus this potential is persisted in the deflection process ofthe NWs. The AFM tip is a Si tip coating with Pt layer. Due to the large workfunction difference of Pt and ZnO, they form a Schottky contact between thetip and the NW. When the AFM tip was in contact with the front end（stretched side） of the NW, which has a positive bias, the metal andsemiconductor contact is negative biased. The current flow was prohibited bythe Schottky contact. When the tip moved the compressed side of this NW,the metal and semiconductor contact is positive biased. This produced a suddenincrease in the conducting current. This current is formed by the voltage drop acrossthe contacts. The free electrons flow from the loop into the NW and neutralizedionic charges formed by the piezoelectric effect. Thus the VL starts to drop to zero.This piezoelectric energy formation and releasing principle is shown in Figure 2.16which is the basic working principle of nanogenerator and nanopiezoelectronics. In this section, a new field in nanotechnology, nanopiezotronics isintroduced. Working principle of these devices relies on the unique coupling ofZnO's piezoelectric and semiconducting properties.In the demonstratedwork, piezotronics devices based on ZnO NW exhibit potentials to convertbiological mechanical energy, acoustic/ultrasonic vibration energy, and biofluidhydraulic energy into electricity. This is a new path way for energy converting andcollecting, which is a crucial progress for self-power nanodevices.

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《一維納米結(jié)構(gòu)材料概念、應(yīng)用和展望(英文版)》：當(dāng)代科學(xué)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)理論與前沿問題研究叢書：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)校友文庫(kù)“十一五”國(guó)家重點(diǎn)圖書

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