簡明英語語言學(xué)教程

內(nèi)容概要

繼20世紀(jì)80年代我國普通高校陸續(xù)開設(shè)語言學(xué)概論課程以來，先后有多部適于不同需求的英語語言學(xué)教程問世。這些教程的出版，對介紹當(dāng)今語言學(xué)的最新理論，普及語言學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識，以及不斷提高語言學(xué)概論課程的教學(xué)質(zhì)量無疑起到了積極的推動作用。但是，我們在教材的使用過程中也發(fā)現(xiàn)，有些教材雖然涉及的面較寬，但理論介紹過于繁瑣，學(xué)生掌握起來感到困難。而另外一些教材雖非常通俗易懂，但對本科高年級的學(xué)生來說又略顯單薄，不夠解渴。面臨教學(xué)中的實(shí)際困難，我們試圖在現(xiàn)有教材的基礎(chǔ)之上，博采眾家之長，避某些教材之短，編寫出一部既能較好介紹語言學(xué)的核心理論，如語音、形態(tài)、句法、語義等基礎(chǔ)理論，又能較全面介紹語言學(xué)相關(guān)知識的簡明語言學(xué)教程。同時，我們還將重要的知識點(diǎn)編成強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練題，對教材的部分內(nèi)容加以補(bǔ)充，以便于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和掌握教材中的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，可以幫助學(xué)生課外學(xué)習(xí)。        該教材主要包括語言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論和相關(guān)知識兩個部分。語言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論部分主要包括語音學(xué)、形態(tài)學(xué)、句法學(xué)、語義學(xué)、語用學(xué)和社會語言學(xué)等的介紹。其中，特別增加了介紹概念隱喻認(rèn)知語言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論的章節(jié)。

書籍目錄

Chapter 1  Invitations to Linguistics  Chapter 2  Phonology  Chapter 3  Morphology  Chapter 4  Syntax Chapter 5  Semantics  Chapter 6  Pragmatics  Chapter 7  Language and Society  Chapter 8  Language Change  Chapter 9  Language and Culture  Chapter 10  Cognitive Linguistics  Key Words  Comprehensive Tests and Answers  Appendix I  Theories and Schools of Modem Linguistics  Appendix II  Linguists  Appendix III  History of English  Appendix IV  History of Linguistics  Appendix V  Animal Communication  References

章節(jié)摘錄

　　There is much to be said about the roles associated with these input mental spaces.One works in a butcher shop full of the carcasses of animals and the other is surrounded by an expe~team of assistants in a sterilized environment.The butcher hacks away at body parts with a meat cleaver while the surgeon uses a scalpel to operate on his patient.What Fauconnier wants to highlight is that information about the roles of the surgeon and the butcher can be found in the generic space.The input spaces are projected into the mental space of the blendwhere several processes take place.One of‘these new processes is composition.The prqiections from the input spaces make new relationships available in the blend that did not occur before.There iS also a process of completion which allows knowledge of background flames，cognitive and cultural models to be viewed as a Palt of a larger self-contained structure in the blend.The patterns triggered by the inherited structures are completed Into the larger emergent structure.Finally，there is a process of elaboration in which the structures are elaborated or simulated（running the blend）in accordalice with the new logic of that mental space.　　In a late work，F(xiàn)auconnier and Turner（2002）expanded their concept of conceptual blends.They addressed the phenomenon of imagination，not to celebrate it，but to make a science of it.111ey argued that conceptual integration is at the heart of.the process of imagination.In the process of conceptual integration，for example，input mental spaces are projected into a blended space and develop emergent structures through composition，completion and elaboration.This fundamental cognitive operation，

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