出版時間:2011-11 出版社:復旦大學出版社 作者:宋秀平 頁數(shù):193 字數(shù):209000
內(nèi)容概要
First and foremost.1 will convey my heartfelt gratitude to
mysupervisor,distinguished Professor Dai Wei dong.It is a great
honor and my best luck to have him as my supervisor.I am grateful
to him for hisgracious guidance,invaluable suggestions and constant
encouragement,without which this book would never have been
possible.Further,special gratitude goes to Professor Dai for his
care about my life here.Professor Dai is not only a great scholar
but also a gentleman of greatcharacter.His kindness impresses all
his students deeply.
作者簡介
宋秀平,復旦大學外國語言文學博士后流動站博士后。曾獲上海外國語大學博士學位。上海師范大學副教授。研究方向:應用語言學、語篇分析和句法學。本研究得到上海師范大學第六期文科重點建設項目“外國語言學及應用語言學”的資助。
書籍目錄
Acknowledgements
Abstract
中文摘要
Abbreviations
Introduction
Chapter 1 Limitations of Krashen'S Input Hypotheses and Necessity
of Focus on Form
1.1 Input
1.1.1 The Definition of Input
1.1.2 The Role of Input
1.1.3 The Type of Input
1.2 Krashen’S Input Hypothesis
1.3 Focus on Form
1.3.1 Theoretical Explanations for Focus on Form
1.3.2 An Introduction of Focus on Form
1.4 Summary
Chapter 2 Theoretical Studies
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Attention and lts Related Concepts and the “Noticing
Hypothesis
2.1.1 Attention
2.1.2 Clarification of Attention-Related Concepts
2.1.3 The Noticing Hypothesis
2.2 Factors Affecting Noticing and Learning
2.2.1 Task Demands and Its Comment
2.2.2 SNience and Its Comment
2.2.3 Rehearsal and Its Comment
2.2.4 Input Enhancement and Its Comment
2.2.5 The Role of Output and Its Comment
2.3 Summary
Chapter 3 Empirical Studies
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Input Enhancement Study
3.1.1 The Empirical Studies by Gasseta1
3.1.2 The Empirical Studies by White and Doughty
3.1.3 The Empirical Studies by Jourdenaiseta1
3.2 Measurement Devices Study and Assessment
3.2.1 The Empirical Study by Leow
3.2.2Assessment
3.3 Task Demands.Awareness and Intake
3.3.1 The Empirical Studies by Schmidt
3.3.2 Assessment
3.4 The Role of Output
3.4.1 The Empirical Studies by Maria JdeLa Fuente
3.4.2 The Empirical Studies by Izumieta1
3.4.3 The Empirical Studies by Swain& Lapkin
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Experiment
4.0 Introduction
4.1 The Experiment
4.1.1 The Form in Focus
4.1.2 Subjects
……
Chapter 5 Experiment
Chapter 6 Pedagogical Implications
Chapter 7 Conclusion
Appendix 1 Experimental Materials
Appendix 2 Testing Materials
Appendix 3 Questionnaires and Interview
Bibliography
章節(jié)摘錄
實驗結果證明:1.注意有層次方面的差異,注意的集中強度也不盡相同。輸出促進注意的層次,并加強了注意的集中度。深層次的注意和強集中度的注意均與學得緊密相連。 2.詞匯本身所具有的交際價值是決定詞匯突顯度的決定性因素。換句話來說,交際價值高的詞匯不需要外部突顯,而對于交際價值低的目標詞,外部突顯促進了學習者對目標詞的注意。 3.輸出和即時反饋構成了最佳的學得環(huán)境。實驗證明輸出會形成錯誤的假設。若沒有及時的反饋,錯誤學得會發(fā)生。即時反饋提供了檢驗假設和證實假設的時機和場合。實驗證明:輸出和隨后的立即反饋兩者密不可分,輸出使學習者更加注意并有效地利用相關的反饋。缺少輸出這一環(huán)節(jié),反饋的有效性得不到充分發(fā)揮?! ?.任務的指令和要求突出了特定的語言形式,引導了學習者的注意力;任務執(zhí)行的條件影響學習者加工輸入的方式。 5.與理解性任務相比,輸出型任務抬高了注意的度?! ?.語義層面的分析獲得很少的收益。 另外,本書還有一些適用于特定語言類型的發(fā)現(xiàn)?! ≡诰浞ㄒ?guī)則學得方面: 1.后測顯示,經(jīng)過實驗操練,單純的外部突顯使學習者注意到了目標規(guī)則,但對學習目標規(guī)則作用不大,原因是學得過程卷入了學習者內(nèi)部因素,單純的突顯不足以促使學習者對目標形式進一步加工?! ?.輸出所激發(fā)的認知資源部不足以使學習者有效地學得目標規(guī)則,欲要熟練快速地掌握句法規(guī)則,還需借助外力的作用。外力通過引導學習者的注意力資源并改變學習者的注意力資源分配從而使學習者很快發(fā)現(xiàn)了目標規(guī)則。從而對目標規(guī)則進行有意識的操練,這種有意識的操練最終使學習者迅速固化了目標規(guī)則?! ?/pre>圖書封面
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