化學(xué)化工專業(yè)英語

前言

　　專業(yè)英語學(xué)習(xí)帶有強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練的性質(zhì)，與雙語教學(xué)不同，兩者不能相互替代。作為“浙江省高等學(xué)校重點(diǎn)建設(shè)教材”，本書旨在通過培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生對(duì)科學(xué)探究和發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的興趣，激勵(lì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)好專業(yè)英語，從而為將來可能從事的企業(yè)產(chǎn)品開發(fā)宣傳或基礎(chǔ)研究所需的專業(yè)英語技能打好基礎(chǔ)。本書盡力做到選材面廣，趣味性、可讀性強(qiáng)，適用面寬。　　化學(xué)和化工業(yè)是一個(gè)長久不衰的行業(yè)。本書選擇了在新藥開發(fā)、新能源、新材料、環(huán)境保護(hù)、生物技術(shù)和現(xiàn)代食品業(yè)等領(lǐng)域中的一些突破性和創(chuàng)新性成果和實(shí)例，采用了被美國化學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)定評(píng)估為“化學(xué)標(biāo)志性”成就的事件和人物案例，講述了曾做出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的化學(xué)家和工程師的勇于探索的故事，此外還精選了前沿領(lǐng)域中的一些原始學(xué)術(shù)論文（包含Nature和JACS等上刊登的論文）和專利文獻(xiàn)，并對(duì)如何閱讀理解和利用英語學(xué)術(shù)論文和專利文獻(xiàn)、如何撰寫及修改論文的實(shí)用方法技巧，做了非常詳細(xì)的講解。每個(gè)單元最后有課文注釋，單詞解析及課后練習(xí)（包含閱讀理解測(cè)試和短文、摘要的寫作訓(xùn)練，以及課堂討論教學(xué)實(shí)例）?！　”緯?8個(gè)單元。第l部分共8個(gè)單元，主要是介紹化學(xué)化工學(xué)科的一些入門基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，包括化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)和化工工藝方法、儀器工具和化合物命名等。第2部分共16個(gè)單元，內(nèi)容覆蓋無機(jī)化學(xué)、有機(jī)化學(xué)、分析化學(xué)、環(huán)境化學(xué)、物理化學(xué)、生物化學(xué)、高分子化學(xué)、藥物開發(fā)、基礎(chǔ)化工等，既從化學(xué)化工的歷史沿革的角度，又從學(xué)科發(fā)展的熱門領(lǐng)域的角度，介紹化學(xué)和現(xiàn)代化工的成就。第3部分共4個(gè)單元，介紹常見專業(yè)文獻(xiàn)閱讀和撰寫技能知識(shí)，包括學(xué)術(shù)論文、國際發(fā)明專利基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和文獻(xiàn)選讀。

內(nèi)容概要

This book selects a number of breakthroughs and examples in the development of new energy technology,biotechnology, novel materials and drugs, environmental technology, and other fields. A few historic events and figures designated by the American Chemical Society as "Chemical Landmarks" are adopted. Also featured in the book are a group of original papers and patent documents in the cutting-edge fields of chemistry and chemical industry. Stories about how the chemists and engineers vigorously explored and made great inventions are described in the book. Following the texts in each unit are notes, words with pronunciations and meanings, quiz including exercises and drills for reading comprehension and short compositions, and in-class discussion themes.This book also explains in detail how to comprehend and utilize papers and patent documents, and how to write and revise papers in practice.    The book contains a significant amount of technical terminology. Lists of common glossaries with concise explanations are provided in the end of the book. Basic laboratory tools are also illustrated graphically. Records of famous chemists and engineers with their lives and areas of expertise can be used as a reference. This book serves as a textbook in bilingual education in colleges for juniors and seniors, as well as graduate students, who are non-native speakers of English but majoring in chemistry, applied chemistry, chemical engineering, materials chemistry and related disciplines. The book is also an indispensable working resource for scientists, chemists,and engineers in chemical industry and academia. This book is printed in bicolor to improve readability.

書籍目錄

Part 1 Laboratory Techniques and Chemical Nomenclature  Unit 1 Chemistry Laboratory Techniques-Recrystallization  Unit 2 Chemistry Laboratory Techniques-Acid-Base Titration  Unit 3 Chemistry Laboratory Techniques-Isolation, Purification, and Identification of Caffeine  Unit 4 Continuous Processing for Scaling Up Laboratory Processes  Unit5 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds (1)  Unit 6 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds (2)  Unit7 Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (1)  Unit 8 Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (2)Part 2 Chemical Science and Industry: History and Frontier Topics  Unit 9 Neil Bartlett and Reactive Noble Gases  Unit 10 Birth of Aluminum by Electrolysis  Unit 11 Jack Kirkland and HPLC Silica Packings  Unit 12 Arnold O. Beckman and the pH Meter  Unit 13 Victor Grignard and Grignard Reagent  Unit 14 Georg Wittig and Wittig Reaction  Unit 15 Developments in Lithium Battery Research  Unit 16 Clean Coal Technology  Unit 17 Frederick Sanger  Unit 18 Discovery and Development of Cimetidine  Unit 19 Wallace Carothers and the Development of Nylon  Unit 20 High Performance Carbon Fibers  Unit 21 Human Health Effects of Air Pollution  Unit 22 Flavor Formation in Meat Products  Unit 23 Herbert Dow and His Dow Chemical  Unit 24 Development of Kevlar in DuPontPart 3 Original Literature  Unit 25 Critical Reading of a Scientific Paper  Unit 26 How to Write a Scientific Paper  Unit 27 How to Submit a Paper and Ethical Issues  Unit 28 Fundamentals of PatentsPart 4 Commonly Used Terminology and References  Appendix 1 Glossary of Terms Used in General and Inorganic Chemistry  Appendix 2 Glossary of Terms Used in Organic and Biological Chemistry  Appendix 3 Glossary of Terms Used in Analytical and Physical Chemistry  Appendix 4 Element Names and Their Pronunciation  Appendix 5 A List of Chemists  Appendix 6 A List of Chemical Engineers  Appendix 7 United States Patent Example: US 6677362  Appendix 8 Basic Laboratory Equipment

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Load a small amount of solid into a test tube， followed by adding about one milliliter of the testsolvent. If the solid dissolves immediately at room temperature， the solvent is not suitable forrecrystallization. Repeat this process with another test solvent using a clean test tube. If the solid doesnot dissolve， heat up the test tube using a hot water bath whose temperature is set at the boiling pointof the test solvent. If the solid still remains， then this solvent is not good， either. Repeat with othersolvents until the solid remains at room temperature， but dissolves in the solvent with the temperatureat the boiling point， indicating a good recrystaUization solvent.　　In the second step， the solid to be recrystallized is dissolved in the hot suitable solvent. TwoErlenmeyer flasks （one for the solvent and the other for the crystals）， a hot plate， a disposable pipetand bulb， finger cots， and some boiling stones are needed in this step. Place two boiling stones in eachflask to ensure smooth boiling during heating. A small amount of solvent is added to a flaskcontaining the impure solid， and then the suspension in the flask is heated to the boiling point of thesolvent until the complete dissolution of the solid. If the solid does not dissolve， add more hot solventdrop-wise continually until the solid is fully dissolved. A hot filtration is required if the solutioncontains visible solid impurities other than boiling stones. If the solution appears colored， the hotsaturated solution is boiled for a short period of time with the addition of activated carbon to removecolored impurities， followed by a hot filtration to get rid of the activated carbon.

編輯推薦

　　本書共28個(gè)單元。第1部分共8個(gè)單元，主要是介紹化學(xué)化工學(xué)科的一些入門基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，包括化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)和化工工藝方法、儀器工具和化合物命名等。第2部分共16個(gè)單元，內(nèi)容覆蓋無機(jī)化學(xué)、有機(jī)化學(xué)、分析化學(xué)、環(huán)境化學(xué)、物理化學(xué)、生物化學(xué)、高分子化學(xué)、藥物開發(fā)、基礎(chǔ)化工等，既從化學(xué)化工的歷史沿革的角度，又從學(xué)科發(fā)展的熱門領(lǐng)域的角度，介紹化學(xué)和現(xiàn)代化工的成就。第3部分共4個(gè)單元，介紹常見專業(yè)文獻(xiàn)閱讀和撰寫技能知識(shí)，包括學(xué)術(shù)論文、國際發(fā)明專利基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和文獻(xiàn)選讀。第4部分對(duì)化學(xué)化工各個(gè)分支領(lǐng)域中的常用的專業(yè)術(shù)語提供簡明扼要的解釋，也以圖解的方式列出了基本實(shí)驗(yàn)工具，還對(duì)400多位著名化學(xué)家和工程師做了簡要介紹，此部分內(nèi)容可作為參考資料使用。本書配有教學(xué)輔助資料，供征訂了本書的教師參考。

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