出版時間:2010-6 出版社:南京大學(xué) 作者:包兆會|主編:周憲//程愛民|譯者:(美)米歇爾 頁數(shù):205 譯者:米歇爾
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內(nèi)容概要
The Collection of Critical Biographies of Chinese Thinkers, underthe general editorship of the late honorary president of NanjingUniversity, Professor Kuang Yarning, is the largest-scale project ofresearch materials on Chinese thinkers undertaken since thebeginning of the twentieth century. Standing on the shoulders ofthis great man and other 200 well-known Chinese professors, thiscollection of concise Chinese-English version is not only based ona profound academic foundation, but also exhibits a brand newfeature which is the virtue of explaining the profound in a simpleway, hence leading readers to mastery of the contents; it alsoincorporates a refined principle of selection, a simple mode ofevaluation and commentary, and a moving narration of the storiesand their wisdom. Zhuangzi, one of the most brilliant philosophers in Chinese history,advocated a simple life according to ones own conscience andnature without restraint. His humor, sophistication, literary genius,and philosophical insights found their perfect expression in hismasterpiece Zhuangzi, which has deeply influenced the traditionalOriental art and culture as well as the contemporary western world.
書籍目錄
引言一 莊子時代二 青少年時期三 青年時期四 中年早期五 中年晚期六 晚年七 文學(xué)莊子八 自然莊子九 生活莊子余論延伸閱讀書目譯后記
章節(jié)摘錄
莊子的時代是戰(zhàn)爭和殺戮的時代。 戰(zhàn)國時期,為了財富、土地和雄霸天下,各國之間的戰(zhàn)爭非常頻繁。為了能在戰(zhàn)爭中靠經(jīng)濟、軍事實力戰(zhàn)勝對手,各國進行了不同程度的改革。 魏國由于魏文侯(前445一前396在位)任用李悝變法,改革政治、獎勵耕戰(zhàn)、興修水利、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟,最早成為強國。公元前356年,秦孝公任用衛(wèi)鞅變法,秦國強盛起來。同年,齊國也進行政治改革,國勢也強盛起來。楚國在楚悼王(前401一前38l在位)時任用吳起變法,雖然沒有取得很大成果,但它保持了原來就是強國的地位。燕國也在戰(zhàn)爭中漸露頭角。于是,形成了七強并立的形勢?! 榱藠Z取更多的土地、人口和稅收,國與國之間的兼并戰(zhàn)爭更激烈,戰(zhàn)爭規(guī)模更大了。公元前341年,魏與齊之間的馬陵之戰(zhàn),魏國動用了“十萬之軍”。公元前293年,秦國大將白起大敗魏軍于華陽,斬首15萬。戰(zhàn)國時期,由于各國已普遍實行郡縣征兵制度,作戰(zhàn)時所有及齡農(nóng)民都有可能被強迫編入軍隊。因而,一場大戰(zhàn)往往動用幾萬、幾十萬人馬,戰(zhàn)爭規(guī)模達到了前所未有的地步。
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