無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)與應用技術(shù)

內(nèi)容概要

本書從介紹無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)知識開始，詳細介紹無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)標準、MAC 介質(zhì)訪問控制層
的有關(guān)內(nèi)容、無線局域網(wǎng)物理層、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入技術(shù)、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的安全問題，從無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)施工技術(shù)的務實
角度，詳解無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)組網(wǎng)設(shè)備施工安裝技術(shù)、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)組網(wǎng)解決方案、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障診斷與排除等有關(guān)問
題，可使讀者對無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)有全面系統(tǒng)地認識。
本書適合網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程技術(shù)人員、網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理人員、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程的初學者閱讀；也可作為無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程培
訓班，開設(shè)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程的大專院校，高等院校通信類、信息類、電子類專業(yè)的教材或參考書。

書籍目錄

目 錄
第1章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)...................................................................................................... 1
1.1 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)概述....................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 無線局域網(wǎng)............................................................................................................... 5
1.1.2 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展過程............................................................................................... 7
1.1.3 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)發(fā)展的4 個階段............................................................................... 8
1.1.4 3G............................................................................................................................ 12
1.1.5 4G............................................................................................................................ 22
1.1.6 無線城市................................................................................................................. 26
1.1.7 無線網(wǎng)格網(wǎng)............................................................................................................. 26
1.1.8 移動云計算............................................................................................................. 30
1.2 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)......................................................................................................... 33
1.3 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸介質(zhì)......................................................................................................... 35
1.4 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)......................................................................................................... 37
1.4.1 IEEE802.11 標準的協(xié)議體系結(jié)構(gòu)........................................................................ 37
1.4.2 無線ATM技術(shù)的體系結(jié)構(gòu).................................................................................. 38
1.4.3 HiperLAN-1技術(shù)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)............................................................................... 43
1.4.4 HiperLAN-2技術(shù)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)............................................................................... 45
1.4.5 藍牙技術(shù)的體系與體系結(jié)構(gòu)................................................................................. 49
1.4.6 無線社區(qū)網(wǎng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)......................................................................................... 55
第2章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)標準.................................................................................................... 57
2.1 IEEE802.11 系列標準........................................................................................................ 57
2.1.1 IEEE802.11 標準的重要技術(shù)規(guī)定........................................................................ 57
2.1.2 IEEE802.11 家族.................................................................................................... 58
2.1.3 IEEE802.11 提供的服務........................................................................................ 61
2.1.4 IEEE802.11 的具體特征........................................................................................ 63
2.1.5 IEEE802.11 拓樸結(jié)構(gòu)............................................................................................ 63
2.1.6 IEEE802.11 邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)............................................................................................ 64
2.1.7 IEEE802.11 任務組和工作組................................................................................ 64
2.1.8 IEEE802.11a標準.................................................................................................. 67
2.1.9 IEEE802.11b........................................................................................................... 73
2.1.10 IEEE802.11g 標準................................................................................................ 74
2.1.11 三大標準的前途與安全性................................................................................... 75
2.1.12 無線局域網(wǎng)標準的性能比較............................................................................... 76
2.2 無線局域網(wǎng)HiperLAN-2標準.......................................................................................... 77
2.2.1 HiperLAN-2系統(tǒng)特點........................................................................................... 78
2.2.2 協(xié)議體系結(jié)構(gòu)......................................................................................................... 79
2.3 IEEE802.15 系列標準........................................................................................................ 82
2.3.1 IEEE802.15 系列標準概述.................................................................................... 82
2.3.2 IEEE802.15.3a 的UWB......................................................................................... 83
2.3.3 IEEE802.15.4標準................................................................................................. 85
2.4 IEEE802.16 系列標準........................................................................................................ 92
2.4.1 IEEE802.16 家族.................................................................................................... 92
2.4.2 IEEE802.16 的接入................................................................................................ 96
2.4.3 寬帶無線接入城域網(wǎng)的架構(gòu)和應用..................................................................... 98
2.4.4 全球微波互聯(lián)接入................................................................................................. 99
2.5 IEEE802.20 標準............................................................................................................... 103
2.5.1 IEEE802.20 標準的進展...................................................................................... 103
2.5.2 IEEE802.20 標準的研究點和要求...................................................................... 104
2.5.3 IEEE802.20 標準的系統(tǒng)性能指標和純IP架構(gòu)................................................ 105
2.5.4 主要無線通信標準............................................................................................... 106
2.5.5 IEEE802.20 系統(tǒng)預期性能指標.......................................................................... 106
2.5.6 IEEE802.20 協(xié)議模型.......................................................................................... 107
2.5.7 IEEE802.20 基于IP 的協(xié)議棧............................................................................ 108
2.5.8 IEEE802.20 與其他技術(shù)的關(guān)系.......................................................................... 108
第3章 MAC 介質(zhì)訪問控制層......................................................................................111
3.1 MAC功能......................................................................................................................... 111
3.1.1 無線介質(zhì)訪問....................................................................................................... 111
3.1.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接............................................................................................................... 114
3.1.3 提供數(shù)據(jù)驗證和保密........................................................................................... 114
3.2 MAC幀結(jié)構(gòu)..................................................................................................................... 117
3.3 MAC幀控制字段............................................................................................................. 118
3.4 MAC幀的類型................................................................................................................. 121
3.4.1 管理幀................................................................................................................... 121
3.4.2 控制幀................................................................................................................... 125
3.4.3 數(shù)據(jù)幀................................................................................................................... 127
第4章 無線局域網(wǎng)物理層........................................................................................... 129
4.1 物理層結(jié)構(gòu)組成............................................................................................................... 129
4.2 物理層操作原語與功能................................................................................................... 130
4.2.1 物理層服務原語................................................................................................... 130
4.2.2 載波監(jiān)聽功能....................................................................................................... 131
4.2.3 傳送功能............................................................................................................... 132
4.2.4 接收功能............................................................................................................... 132
4.3 跳頻擴頻（FHSS）物理接口.......................................................................................... 132
4.3.1 跳頻擴頻的特性................................................................................................... 132
4.3.2 FHSS 物理層會聚過程........................................................................................ 133
4.3.3 FHSS 物理介質(zhì)依賴接口子層............................................................................ 134
4.4 直序擴頻（DSSS）物理接口.......................................................................................... 136
4.4.1 DSSS 物理層會聚過程........................................................................................ 136
4.4.2 DSSS 物理介質(zhì)依賴的接口子層........................................................................ 137
4.5 紅外線（IR）物理接口................................................................................................... 139
4.5.1 IR 物理層會聚過程.............................................................................................. 139
4.5.2 IR 物理介質(zhì)依賴接口子層.................................................................................. 140
第5章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入技術(shù)........................................................................................... 141
5.1 無線接入技術(shù)................................................................................................................... 141
5.1.1 無線接入系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)........................................................................................... 141
5.1.2 無線接入技術(shù)的特點........................................................................................... 143
5.1.3 無線接入技術(shù)分類............................................................................................... 143
5.1.4 無線接入系統(tǒng)的接口........................................................................................... 144
5.1.5 無線接入的頻率資源........................................................................................... 145
5.1.6 無線接入的頻譜劃分........................................................................................... 150
5.1.7 無線電波的衰減................................................................................................... 151
5.2 固定無線接入技術(shù)........................................................................................................... 152
5.3 無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方式所使用的技術(shù)........................................................................................... 155
5.3.1 全球移動通信系統(tǒng)GSM接入技術(shù).................................................................... 155
5.3.2 碼分多址CDMA接入技術(shù)................................................................................. 157
5.3.3 通用無線分組業(yè)務GPRS接入技術(shù)................................................................... 157
5.3.4 寬帶WCDMA接入技術(shù)..................................................................................... 158
5.3.5 分組數(shù)據(jù)交換CDPD接入技術(shù).......................................................................... 159
5.3.6 固定寬帶無線接入（MMDS/LMDS）技術(shù)...................................................... 159
5.3.7 數(shù)字直播衛(wèi)星接入技術(shù)....................................................................................... 160
5.3.8 藍牙技術(shù)............................................................................................................... 160
5.3.9 Home RF 技術(shù)...................................................................................................... 161
5.3.10 3G 通信技術(shù)....................................................................................................... 161
5.3.11 4G 通信技術(shù)....................................................................................................... 161
5.3.12 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入技術(shù)............................................................................................. 162
5.3.13 無線紅外光接入系統(tǒng)......................................................................................... 162
第6章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的安全問題....................................................................................... 164
6.1 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的安全缺陷................................................................................................... 164
6.1.1 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)陌踩毕?.......................................................................................... 164
6.1.2 身份認證WEP的安全缺陷................................................................................ 164
6.1.3 SSID 的安全缺陷................................................................................................. 165
6.1.4 數(shù)據(jù)加密DES的安全缺陷................................................................................. 165
6.1.5 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的安全威脅........................................................................................... 166
6.2 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的其他安全問題............................................................................................... 168
6.2.1 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)信號干擾............................................................................................... 168
6.2.2 系統(tǒng)的兼容性....................................................................................................... 169
6.2.3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全............................................................................................................... 169
6.2.4 連接問題............................................................................................................... 169
6.2.5 健康危害問題....................................................................................................... 169
6.3 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全性研究....................................................................................................... 170
6.3.1 目前已有的機制................................................................................................... 170
6.3.2 分層式混合網(wǎng)絡(luò)................................................................................................... 170
6.3.3 分層式混合網(wǎng)中的安全通信............................................................................... 171
6.3.4 支持安全移動性協(xié)議........................................................................................... 172
6.3.5 IEEE802.11i安全機制進行的改進..................................................................... 173
6.3.6 中國制定的WLAN國際標準WAPI ................................................................. 175
6.4 確保無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全問題的解決方案............................................................................... 178
6.4.1 解決無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全問題的8要素....................................................................... 178
6.4.2 解決無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全問題8 種做法不要有........................................................... 181
第7章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)組網(wǎng)設(shè)備施工安裝技術(shù)..................................................................... 183
7.1 無線網(wǎng)卡安裝技術(shù)........................................................................................................... 183
7.1.1 無線網(wǎng)卡分類....................................................................................................... 183
7.1.2 無線網(wǎng)卡的接口類型........................................................................................... 184
7.1.3 無線網(wǎng)卡的重要參數(shù)........................................................................................... 186
7.1.4 無線網(wǎng)卡安裝技術(shù)............................................................................................... 187
7.2 無線接入點安裝技術(shù)....................................................................................................... 191
7.2.1 無線接入點概述................................................................................................... 191
7.2.2 無線AP的組網(wǎng)................................................................................................... 193
7.2.3 無線AP的安裝技術(shù)........................................................................................... 193
7.3 無線網(wǎng)橋........................................................................................................................... 200
7.3.1 無線網(wǎng)橋的技術(shù)實現(xiàn)與標準............................................................................... 201
7.3.2 無線網(wǎng)橋的連接方式........................................................................................... 202
7.3.3 遠距離多點無線網(wǎng)橋........................................................................................... 203
7.3.4 無線網(wǎng)橋和無線AP的區(qū)別............................................................................... 205
7.4 無線路由器安裝技術(shù)....................................................................................................... 206
7.4.1 無線路由器概述................................................................................................... 206
7.4.2 無線路由器的安裝技術(shù)....................................................................................... 209
7.4.3 無線路由器的設(shè)置............................................................................................... 210
7.5 無線交換機....................................................................................................................... 214
7.6 無線網(wǎng)關(guān)安裝技術(shù)........................................................................................................... 215
7.7 無線調(diào)制解調(diào)器安裝技術(shù)............................................................................................... 226
7.7.1 無線調(diào)制解調(diào)器概述........................................................................................... 226
7.7.2 無線E1/T1調(diào)制解調(diào)器....................................................................................... 228
7.7.3 無線調(diào)制解調(diào)器的傳輸信道和接口................................................................... 231
7.7.4 無線調(diào)制解調(diào)器的安裝技術(shù)............................................................................... 232
7.8 無線天線安裝技術(shù)........................................................................................................... 233
7.8.1 無線天線概述....................................................................................................... 233
7.8.2 無線天線參數(shù)....................................................................................................... 237
7.8.3 無線天線類型....................................................................................................... 239
7.8.4 無線天線安裝技術(shù)............................................................................................... 242
第8章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)組網(wǎng)解決方案................................................................................... 249
8.1 無線連接解決方案概述................................................................................................... 249
8.1.1 無線連接的形式................................................................................................... 250
8.1.2 戶外無線連接綜述............................................................................................... 253
8.1.3 天線、饋線和避雷器的綜述............................................................................... 253
8.1.4 額外費用............................................................................................................... 255
8.2 朗訊無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案........................................................................................................... 255
8.2.1 IEEE802.11 AP-AP 無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案..................................................................... 255
8.2.2 IEEE802.11 AP-EC無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案..................................................................... 256
8.2.3 IEEE802.11 無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案.................................................................................. 258
8.2.4 IEEE802.11 兩分支網(wǎng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案.......................................................................... 259
8.2.5 IEEE802.11 /11M無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案........................................................................ 259
8.2.6 IEEE802.11 AP-AP 2M 無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案............................................................... 260
8.3 某公司無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)方案....................................................................................................... 263
8.3.1 室內(nèi)系列............................................................................................................... 264
8.3.2 無線組網(wǎng)安全性能............................................................................................... 265
8.3.3 無線聯(lián)網(wǎng)和有線聯(lián)網(wǎng)的比較............................................................................... 265
8.4 網(wǎng)件無線網(wǎng)解決方案....................................................................................................... 266
8.4.1 臨時性現(xiàn)場無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)解決方案........................................................................... 266
8.4.2 家庭（SOHO一族）無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)解決方案........................................................... 267
8.4.3 中小型辦公室無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)解決方案....................................................................... 268
第9章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障診斷與排除................................................................................ 269
9.1 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障診斷與排除方法....................................................................................... 269
9.2 無線網(wǎng)橋故障現(xiàn)象和解決方法....................................................................................... 271
9.3 無線網(wǎng)卡故障診斷與排除方法....................................................................................... 274
9.4 無線交換機故障診斷與排除方法................................................................................... 278
9.4.1 交換機故障的分類............................................................................................... 278
9.4.2 交換機故障查找排除方法................................................................................... 279
9.4.3 交換機子系統(tǒng)故障診斷與排除........................................................................... 280
9.4.4 交換機工作和使用故障診斷與排除................................................................... 282
9.5 無線路由器故障診斷與排除方法................................................................................... 286
9.5.1 路由器故障診斷概述........................................................................................... 286
9.5.2 路由器常見的故障現(xiàn)象....................................................................................... 287
9.5.3 路由器硬件故障................................................................................................... 298
第10章 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的有關(guān)問題..................................................................................... 300
10.1 無線電頻率劃分和波段的命名..................................................................................... 300
10.1.1 頻譜、頻帶、頻率、波段和頻段..................................................................... 300
10.1.2 無線電頻率的劃分、分配和指配..................................................................... 303
10.1.3 無線電頻率區(qū)域劃分......................................................................................... 305
10.1.4 無線電頻譜頻帶（頻段）劃分......................................................................... 306
10.2 無線電頻率管制規(guī)定、劃分規(guī)定和要求..................................................................... 307
10.2.1 無線電頻率管制規(guī)定......................................................................................... 307
10.2.2 我國無線電頻率劃分規(guī)定................................................................................. 308
10.2.3 我國無線電頻率劃分范圍................................................................................. 308
10.2.4 最大雜散域發(fā)射功率限值要求...................................................... 309
10.2.5 固定業(yè)務參考測量帶寬規(guī)定值......................................................................... 310
10.2.6 衛(wèi)星業(yè)務涉及的頻段......................................................................................... 311
10.3 頻譜管理......................................................................................................................... 312
10.3.1 頻譜管理的重要性............................................................................................. 312
10.3.2 無線電管理體系................................................................................................. 315
10.3.3 頻譜管理職責..................................................................................................... 316
10.3.4 無線電頻率管理原則......................................................................................... 316
10.3.5 頻譜管理主要內(nèi)容............................................................................................. 317
10.4 無線接入系統(tǒng)使用頻率的有關(guān)問題............................................................................. 324
10.4.1 3400MHz~3600MHz 頻段無線接入................................................................. 324
10.4.2 2.4 GHz 頻段有關(guān)問題...................................................................................... 325
10.4.3 5.8GHz 頻段主要技術(shù)指標............................................................................... 325
10.4.4 800MHz CDMA系統(tǒng)基站和直放機雜散發(fā)射限值與900MHz 頻段GSM
系統(tǒng)鄰頻共用設(shè)臺要求..................................................................................... 326
10.4.5 800/900MHz 頻段射頻識別（RFID）技術(shù)..................................................... 329
10.5 三網(wǎng)融合的問題............................................................................................................. 330
10.6 有線網(wǎng)絡(luò)與無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的比較......................................................................................... 332
10.7 無線產(chǎn)品的選擇原則..................................................................................................... 333
10.8 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)品的選擇要素............................................................................................. 334
10.9 有線網(wǎng)絡(luò)與無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接............................................................................................. 338
10.10 手機上網(wǎng)....................................................................................................................... 339
10.11 HiperLAN/2的協(xié)議結(jié)構(gòu).............................................................................................. 340
附錄A 詞匯與縮略語.................................................................................................. 345
附錄B NETGEAR實驗.............................................................................................. 372
附錄C VPN 上機實驗................................................................................................. 377

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    無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)與應用技術(shù) PDF格式下載

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