面向對象軟件工程

內容概要

　　本書由B.Bruegge和A.H.Dutoit編寫的，是卡耐基-梅隆大學（CMU）高年級本科生和研究生的教材。在第3版本中，作者以循序漸進的方式給出一個完整案例，并把它作為貫穿全書的主線，為讀者運用各種軟件工程工具創(chuàng)造一個現(xiàn)實環(huán)境。所采用的自底向上方法，有助于學生或專業(yè)人員循序漸進地學習。　　本教材向讀者展示了如何成功地處理大型復雜軟件系統(tǒng)的構建和維護。作者先介紹了開發(fā)人員應用軟件工程技術所需的基本技能，接下來關注于使開發(fā)人員明確、設計并實現(xiàn)復雜系統(tǒng)的方法和技術，最后展示了如何支持貫穿軟件生命周期的系統(tǒng)變化，是“軟件工程”課程的理想教材。

作者簡介

作者：（美國）布魯格（Bernd Bruegge） （美國）Allen H.Dutoit

書籍目錄

ForewordPrefaceAcknowledgmentsPART I Getting Started　Chapter 1 Introduction to Software Engineering　Chapter 2 Modeling with UML　Chapter 3 Project Organization and CommunicationPART H Dealing with Complexity　Chapter 4 Requirements Elicitation　Chapter 5 Analysis　Chapter 6 System Design: Decomposing the System　Chapter 7 System Design: Addressing Design Goals　Chapter 8 Object Design: Reusing Pattern Solutions　Chapter 9 Object Design: Specifying Interfaces　Chapter 10 Mapping Models to Code　Chapter 11 TestingPARTIII Managing Change　Chapter 12 Rationale Management　Chapter 13 Configuration Management　Chapter 14 Project Management　Chapter 15 Software Life Cycle　Chapter 16 Methodologies: Putting It All TogetherPART IV Appendices

章節(jié)摘錄

版權頁：插圖：Today's high-energy physicists are in a position similar to that of a fossil biologist who hasfound most of the bones. Physicists are building a model of matter and energy and how they fittogether at the most basic, subatomic level. Many years of experiments with particle acceleratorshave given high-energy physicists enough confidence that their models reflect reality and thatthe remaining pieces that are not yet found will fit into the so-called standard model. This is anexample of a model for a system that is claimed to exist.Both system modelers, fossil biologists and high-energy physicists, deal with two types ofentities: the real-world system, observed in terms of a set of phenomena, and the applicationdomain model, represented as a set of interdependent concepts. The system in the real world is adinosaur or subatomic particles. The application domain model is a description of those aspectsof the real-world system that are relevant to the problem under consideration.Software engineers face similar challenges as fossil biologists and high-energy physicists.First, software engineers need to understand the environment in which the system has to operate.For a train traffic control system, software engineers need to know train signaling procedures.For a stock trading system, so.ftware engineers need to know trading rules. The softwareengineer does not need to become a fully certified train dispatcher or a stock broker; they onlyneed to learn the application domain concepts that are relevant to the system. In other terms,they need to build a model of the application domain.Second, software engineers need to understand the systems they could build, to evaluatedifferent solutions and trade-offs. Most systems are too complex to be understood by any oneperson, and most systems are expensive to build. To address these challenges, softwareengineers describe important aspects of the alternative systems they investigate. In other terms,they need to build a model of the solution domain.Object-oriented methods combine the application domain and solution domain modelingactivities into one. The application domain is first modeled as a set of objects and relationships.This model is then used by the system to represent the real-world concepts it manipulates. Atrain traffic control system includes train objects representing the trains it monitors. A stocktrading system includes transaction objects representing the buying and selling of commodities.Then, solution domain concepts are also modeled as objects. The set of lines used to depict atrain or a financial transaction are objects that are part of the solution domain. The idea ofobject-oriented methods is that the solution domain model is a transformation of the applicationdomain model. Developing software translates into the activities necessary to identify anddescribe a system as a set of models that addresses the end user's problem. We describe in moredetail modeling and the concepts of objects in Chapter 2, Modeling with UML.

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