出版時(shí)間:2006-12 出版社:清華大學(xué)出版社 作者:(美)沃克 頁數(shù):1164
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內(nèi)容概要
本書是為滿足國(guó)內(nèi)工科院校材料專業(yè)學(xué)生了解和掌握熱力學(xué)原理和應(yīng)用而引進(jìn)出版的。 熱力學(xué)是理工科,比如物理、化學(xué)、工程等學(xué)科的重要基礎(chǔ)課程之一。在美國(guó)大學(xué)工學(xué)院的基礎(chǔ)課程里,熱力學(xué)是機(jī)械、化工、航空、環(huán)境、材料等工程專業(yè)的必修課。 Thermodynamics是為美國(guó)工學(xué)院本科生二年級(jí)的學(xué)生設(shè)置的普通熱力學(xué)課程,內(nèi)容主要分三個(gè)部分: 第一部分為熱力學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)部分,闡述了熱力學(xué)第一、第二定律、熵的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)解釋、熱力學(xué)參數(shù)。第二部分主要討論了最基本的熱力學(xué)關(guān)系,如能量平衡、熱機(jī)和卡諾循環(huán)、不可逆過程、混合氣體行為、擴(kuò)展的熱力學(xué)關(guān)系等。該部分還討論了相與相平衡、氣體與液體的行為以及相圖的概念。第三部分介紹更接近實(shí)際的化學(xué)反應(yīng)、化學(xué)平衡、氣體循環(huán),以及與此相關(guān)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。這個(gè)部分結(jié)合工程科學(xué)的實(shí)際,強(qiáng)調(diào)熱力學(xué)與工業(yè)應(yīng)用的關(guān)系,并以熱力學(xué)的理論為基礎(chǔ)討論工程熱力學(xué)概念和行為,比如燃料電池、制冷、熱機(jī)等。 本書條理有序、結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、內(nèi)容豐富,十分適于一般工學(xué)院的熱力學(xué)導(dǎo)論課程。同時(shí),它也適用于相關(guān)專業(yè)的同類課程的參考。尤其本書所給出的思考作業(yè)題,內(nèi)容十分廣泛,而且突出重點(diǎn),切題實(shí)用。 本書出版時(shí),針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)教學(xué)特點(diǎn)對(duì)本書15,16兩章做了刪節(jié)。
作者簡(jiǎn)介
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書籍目錄
PREFACE 1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS 1-1 The Nature of Thermodynamics 1-2 Dimensions and Units 1-3 System, Property, and State 1-4 Density, Specific Volume, and Specific Gravity 1-5 Pressure 1-6 The Zeroth Law and Temperature 1-7 Problem-Solving Techniques 1-8 Summary Problems 2 THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 2-1 Concepts of Work and Energy 2-2 The First Law of Thermodynamics 2-3 A Conservation of Energy Principle for Closed Systems 2-4 The Nature of the Energy E 2-5 Heat Transfer 2-6 Expansion and Compression Work 2-7 Elastic Spring Work 2-8 Other Quasiequilibrium Work Interactions 2-9 Summary Problems 3 PROPERTIES OF A PURE, SIMPLE COMPRESSIBLE SUBSTANCE 3-1 The State Postulate and Simple Systems 3-2 The PvT Surface 3-3 The Pressure-Temperature Diagram 3-4 The Pressure-Specific Volume Diagram 3-5 The Temperature-Specific Volume Diagram 3-6 Tables of Properties of Pure Substances 3-7 Tabular Data and Closed-System Energy Analysis 3-8 The Specific Heats 3-9 Summary 3-10 Appendix: Fundamentals of Partial Derivatives Problems 4 THE IDEAL GAS, CORRESPONDING STATES, AND INCOMPRESSIBLE MODELS 4-1 Ideal-Gas Equation of State 4-2 Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and Specific-Heat Relations forIdeal Gases 4-3 Specific Heats of Ideal Gases 4-4 Energy Analysis of Closed Ideal-Gas Systems 4-5 The Compressibility Factor and the Corresponding States Principle 4-6 Property Relations for Incompressible Substances 4-7 Summary Problems 6 CONTROL-VOLUME ENERGY ANALYSIS 5-1 Introduction 5-2 Conservation of Mass Principle for a Control Volume 5-3 Conservation of Energy Principle for a Control Volume 5-4 Steady-State Control-Volume Energy Equations 5-5 Comments on Problem-Solving Techniques 5-6 Engineering Applications Involving Steady-State Control Volumes 5-7 Introduction to Thermodynamic Cycles 5-8 Transient (Unsteady) Flow Analysis 5-9 Summary Problems 6 THE SECOND LAW AND ENTROPY 6-1 Introduction 6-2 Heat Engines, Refrigerators, and Heat Pumps 6-3 Second-Law Statements 6-4 Reversible and Irreversible Processes 6-5 The Second Law and Entropy--Classical Presentation 6-5-1 Analytical Forms of the Kelvin-Planck Statement 6-5-2 General Second-Law Limitations for Heat Engines 6-5-3 The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale 6-5-4 Performance Standards for Reversible Heat Engines 6-5-5 The Clausius Inequality 6-5-6 The Entropy Function 6-5-7 Entropy Generation and the Closed-System Entropy Balance 6-6 The Second Law and Entropy--Alternate Presentation 6-6-1 The Second-Law Postulate 6-6-2 An Entropy Balance for a Closed System 6-6-3 The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale and the Carnot Efficiency 7 EVALUATION OF ENTROPY CHANGE AND THE CONTROL-VOLUME ENTROPY BALANCE 8 SOME CONSEPUENCES OF THE SECOND LAW 9 AVAILABILITY(EXERGY)AND IRREVERSIBILITY 10 NONREACTIVE IDEAL-GAS MIXTURES 11 PVT BEHAVIOR OF REAL GASES AND REAL-GAS 12 GENERALIZED THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONSHIPS 13 CHEMICAL REACTIONS 14 CHEMICAL EPUILIBRIUM 15 REFRIGERATION SYSTEMSA-1 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES AND FIGURES(SI UNITS)A-2 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES AND FIGURES(USCS UNITS)A-3 INTRODUCTION TO EES
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