炭材料科學(xué)與工程

內(nèi)容概要

近年來由于富勒烯和碳納米管的發(fā)現(xiàn)，炭材料研究受到了全球材料科學(xué)界、物理界和化學(xué)界的廣泛關(guān)注。該書系統(tǒng)地介紹了炭材料的科學(xué)理論知識和工程應(yīng)用實(shí)例。第一部分為緒論，介紹了寫作本書的目的和炭材料的分類與發(fā)展史，以及炭的多樣性。第二部分為炭材料的基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)知識，主要介紹了炭材料的結(jié)構(gòu)、性能和制備工藝，特別是炭化和石墨化的原理及其微觀結(jié)構(gòu)控制技術(shù)，多孔炭的孔徑控制和炭材料摻雜其他原子的技術(shù)，炭材料的各類表征方法。第三部分主要為炭素材料的工程與應(yīng)用問題，特別是新型炭材料的發(fā)展及其在能源、環(huán)保、原子能、國防方面的應(yīng)用實(shí)例，涉及石墨電極，高密度各向同性石墨，高取向熱解石墨，玻璃炭，纖維狀炭，多孔炭，石墨層間化合物等。

書籍目錄

1 Introduction  1.1 Carbon Materials   1.2 Short History of Carbon Materials     References   1.3 Classic Carbons, New Carbons and Nanocarbons     1.3.1 Classic carbons     1.3.2 New carbons     1.3.3 Nanocarbons     References16  1.4 Construction and Purposes of the Present Book2 Fundamentals of Carbon Materials   2.1 Carbon Families     2.1.1 Carbon?carbon bonds     2.1.2 Carbon families    2.1.3 Relations to neighboring atoms   2.2 Structure and Texture of Carbon Materials     2.2.1 Structure    2.2.2 Structural development with heat treatment (Carbonization and graphitization)     2.2.3 Nanotexture     2.2.4 Microtexture (Agglomeration)    References  2.3 Nanotexture Development in Carbon Materials (Carbonization)     2.3.1 Formation processes of carbon materials    2.3.2 Gas phase carbonization    2.3.3 Solid phase carbonization     2.3.4 Liquid phase carbonization     References   2.4 Novel Techniques for Carbonization     2.4.1 Template method     2.4.2 Polymer blend method     2.4.3 Pressure carbonization    2.4.4 High yield carbonization     2.4.5 Low temperature carbonization     References   2.5 Structural Development in Carbon Materials (Graphitization)     2.5.1 Structure parameters     2.5.2 Graphitization behavior     2.5.3 Carbon materials with planar orientation    2.5.4 Carbon materials with axial orientation     2.5.5 Carbon materials with point orientation     2.5.6 Carbon materials with random orientation    2.5.7 Relations among structure parameters     2.5.8 Graphitization process    2.5.9 Graphitizing and non?graphitizing carbons     2.5.10 Heterogeneous graphitization (Multiphase graphitization)     References   2.6 Acceleration of Graphitization     2.6.1 Catalytic graphitization    2.6.2 Stress graphitization    2.6.3 Graphitization of exfoliated carbon fibers     References   2.7 Pore Development in Carbon Materials     2.7.1 Pores in carbon materials     2.7.2 Identification of pores in carbon materials     2.7.3 Pore development in carbon materials     References   2.8 Introduction of Foreign Species    2.8.1 Possibility to introduce foreign species into carbon materials 226    2.8.2 Intercalation     2.8.3 Substitution     2.8.4 Doping     2.8.5 Dispersion of fine metal particles     References3 Engineering and Applications of Carbon Materials  3.1 Polycrystalline Graphite Blocks    3.1.1 Production    3.1.2 Applications    3.1.3 Filler cokes and binder pitches     3.1.4 Properties     References  3.2 Highly?oriented Graphite     3.2.1 Highly?oriented graphite    3.2.2 Kish graphite 308    3.2.3 Highly?oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)     3.2.4 Graphite films derived from polyimide films     3.2.5 Flexible graphite sheets     References  3.3 Non-graphitizing and Glass-like Carbons     3.3.1 Structural characteristics    3.3.2 Properties    3.3.3 Glass-like carbons     References  3.4 Fibrous Carbons    3.4.1 Classification of fibrous carbons     3.4.2 Carbon fibers    3.4.3 Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers     3.4.4 Single wall carbon nanohorns     3.4.5 Carbon microcoils     References   3.5 Porous Carbons     3.5.1 Activated carbons    3.5.2 Novel techniques to control pore structure    3.5.3 Exfoliated graphite    References   3.6 Carbon?based Composites    3.6.1 Carbon?based composites    3.6.2 Carbon/carbon composites (C/Cs)    3.6.3 Carbon fiber reinforced plastics    3.6.4 Carbon/ceramics composites    3.6.5 Carbon/metal composites     References   3.7 Intercalation Compounds     3.7.1 Possible applications     3.7.2 High conductivity function    3.7.3 Electrochemical functions    3.7.4 Catalytic functions    3.7.5 Gas adsorption and storage     3.7.6 Other functions    References   3.8 Carbon Materials for Energy Storage    3.8.1 Rechargeable batteries    3.8.2 Electrochemical capacitors    3.8.3 Storage of hydrogen gas     3.8.4 Storage of methane gas    3.8.5 Applications to other batteries     References   3.9 Carbon Materials for Environment Remediation    3.9.1 Carbon/anatase composites     3.9.2 Carbon materials for sorption of viscous fluids     3.9.3 Carbon fibers    ReferencesAcknowledgementsSubject Indexes

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