炭材料科學與工程

內容概要

近年來由于富勒烯和碳納米管的發(fā)現(xiàn)，炭材料研究受到了全球材料科學界、物理界和化學界的廣泛關注。該書系統(tǒng)地介紹了炭材料的科學理論知識和工程應用實例。第一部分為緒論，介紹了寫作本書的目的和炭材料的分類與發(fā)展史，以及炭的多樣性。第二部分為炭材料的基礎科學知識，主要介紹了炭材料的結構、性能和制備工藝，特別是炭化和石墨化的原理及其微觀結構控制技術，多孔炭的孔徑控制和炭材料摻雜其他原子的技術，炭材料的各類表征方法。第三部分主要為炭素材料的工程與應用問題，特別是新型炭材料的發(fā)展及其在能源、環(huán)保、原子能、國防方面的應用實例，涉及石墨電極，高密度各向同性石墨，高取向熱解石墨，玻璃炭，纖維狀炭，多孔炭，石墨層間化合物等。

作者簡介

作者：(日本)稻垣道夫 康飛宇

書籍目錄

1 Introduction　1.1 Carbon Materials　1.2 Short History of Carbon Materials　　References　1.3 Classic Carbons, New Carbons and Nanocarbons 　　1.3.1 Classic carbons　　1.3.2 New carbons　　1.3.3 Nanocarbons　　References　1.4 Construction and Purposes of the Present Book2 Fundamentals of Carbon Materials　2.1 Carbon Families　　2.1.1 Carbon?carbon bonds　　2.1.2 Carbon families　　2.1.3 Relations to neighboring atoms　2.2 Structure and Texture of Carbon Materials　　2.2.1 Structure　　2.2.2 Structural development with heat treatment（Carbonization and graphitization）　　2.2.3 Nanotexture　　2.2.4 Microtexture（Agglomeration）　　References　2.3 Nanotexture Development in Carbon Materials（Carbonization）　　2.3.1 Formation processes of carbon materials　　2.3.2 Gas phase carbonization 　　2.3.3 Solid phase carbonization　　2.3.4 Liquid phase carbonization　　References　2.4 Novel Techniques for Carbonization　　2.4.1 Template method　　2.4.2 Polymer blend method　　2.4.3 Pressure carbonization 　　2.4.4 High yield carbonization　　2.4.5 Low temperature carbonization　　References　2.5 Structural Development in Carbon Materials（Graphitization）　　2.5.1 Structure parameters 　　2.5.2 Graphitization behavior 　　2.5.3 Carbon materials with planar orientation　　2.5.4 Carbon materials with axial orientation 　　2.5.5 Carbon materials with point orientation 　　2.5.6 Carbon materials with random orientation　　2.5.7 Relations among structure parameters 　　2.5.8 Graphitization process　　2.5.9 Graphitizing and non?graphitizing carbons　　2.5.10 Heterogeneous graphitization（Multiphase graphitization）　　References 　2.6 Acceleration of Graphitization　　2.6.1 Catalytic graphitization 　　2.6.2 Stress graphitization　　2.6.3 Graphitization of exfoliated carbon fibers　　References　2.7 Pore Development in Carbon Materials　　2.7.1 Pores in carbon materials　　2.7.2 Identification of pores in carbon materials……3 Engineering and Applications of Carbon MaterialsReferencesAcknowledgementsSubject Indexes

章節(jié)摘錄

　　It has to be pointed out that the authors could not refer to all papers on carbonmaterials published in huge numbers of journals，　and actually the authors did notintend to do so. The authors would like to give an overview on fundamentals ofscience and engineering of carbon materials from the point of view of structure andtexture.　　If the readers can get a general view on carbon materials and the fundamentalconcepts to understand and to study the carbon materials， it will be a great pleas-ure for the authors.　In addition， the authors would like to ask all readers that referring to the original papers cited in this book， and also to many related papers，which were not cited in this book， is strongly suggested in order to understand inmore details. It has to be emphasized here once more that all published papers arenot cited in this book and that even many interesting and important papers aremissing here.　　One carbon material has different aspects. For an example， porous carbonswere produced through different processes， from carbonization of thermosettingprecursors associated with activation， through the template method without activation， from aerogels， from the carbonization of thermoplastic precursors， throughexfoliation of graphite via intercalation compounds， etc.　The porous carbons thusprepared have a wide range of pores from rrucropores to macropores， and as a consequence are applied in various fields for adsorbents of various molecules， molecular sieving， storage of methane and hydrogen， sorption of viscous heavy oils，electrodes of electric double layer capacitors， etc.　For another example， exfoliatedgraphite was used as the raw materials for flexible graphite sheets， which were applied in various fields of industries， but it is recently found to be a good sorbentfor heavy oils， a support for various catalyst metals， and also a raw material formetal carbides. Because of these reasons， porous carbons and exfoliated graphiteare explained in different chapters and sections in the present book. All carbonmaterials are in exactly the same situation. Therefore， the readers are strongly re-quested to read through whole parts of the present book first， even though they areinterested in a specialized carbon material， then to visit the sections which arewritten on the specified carbon material， and then the original papers cited and also those not cited in the present book.　　……

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