英國(guó)自然人文地理

前言

　　《英國(guó)自然人文地理》是在內(nèi)容依托教學(xué)理念指導(dǎo)下，依托國(guó)家哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段內(nèi)容依托式教學(xué)改革研究”推出的系列英語(yǔ)內(nèi)容依托教材之一，是大連外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院優(yōu)秀教學(xué)成果一等獎(jiǎng)、遼寧省優(yōu)秀教學(xué)成果一等獎(jiǎng)、第六屆國(guó)家級(jí)優(yōu)秀教學(xué)成果獎(jiǎng)獲獎(jiǎng)成果的重要組成部分。這套系列教材的推出具有重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義?！　‰S著我國(guó)英語(yǔ)教育的快速發(fā)展，英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)長(zhǎng)期貫徹的“以技能為導(dǎo)向”的課程建設(shè)理念及教學(xué)理念已經(jīng)難以滿(mǎn)足社會(huì)的需要。專(zhuān)家教師們密切關(guān)注的現(xiàn)行英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)教育大、中、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)脫節(jié)，語(yǔ)言、內(nèi)容教學(xué)割裂，單純語(yǔ)言技能訓(xùn)練過(guò)多，專(zhuān)業(yè)內(nèi)容課程不足，學(xué)科內(nèi)容課程系統(tǒng)性差，高低年級(jí)內(nèi)容課程安排失衡及其導(dǎo)致的學(xué)生知識(shí)面偏窄、知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)欠缺、思辨能力偏弱、綜合素質(zhì)發(fā)展不充分等問(wèn)題日益凸顯?！　♂槍?duì)上述問(wèn)題，國(guó)家哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段內(nèi)容依托式教學(xué)改革研究”以?xún)?nèi)容依托教學(xué)（CBI）理論為指導(dǎo)，確定了如下改革思路：　?。ㄒ唬└抡Z(yǔ)言教學(xué)理念，改革英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)的課程結(jié)構(gòu)。在不改變專(zhuān)業(yè)總體培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)和教學(xué)時(shí)限的前提下，對(duì)課程結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行革命性的變革，改變傳統(tǒng)單一的語(yǔ)言技能課程模式，實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)容課程、語(yǔ)言課程的融合，擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的知識(shí)面，提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言技能?！　。ǘ╅_(kāi)發(fā)課程自身潛力，同步提高專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)和語(yǔ)言技能。內(nèi)容依托課程本身也同時(shí)關(guān)注內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言，把內(nèi)容教學(xué)和語(yǔ)言教學(xué)有機(jī)結(jié)合。以英語(yǔ)為媒介，系統(tǒng)教授專(zhuān)業(yè)內(nèi)容；以專(zhuān)業(yè)內(nèi)容為依托，在使用語(yǔ)言過(guò)程中提高語(yǔ)言技能，擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的知識(shí)面?！　。ㄈ└母锝虒W(xué)方法手段，全面提高語(yǔ)言技能和綜合素質(zhì)。依靠?jī)?nèi)容依托教學(xué)在方法上的靈活性，通過(guò)問(wèn)題驅(qū)動(dòng)、輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)等方法調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，把啟發(fā)式、任務(wù)式、討論式、結(jié)對(duì)子、小組活動(dòng)、課堂展示、多媒體手段等行之有效的活動(dòng)與學(xué)科內(nèi)容教學(xué)有機(jī)結(jié)合，提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言技能，激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主性和創(chuàng)造性，提升思辨能力和綜合素質(zhì)?！　”卷?xiàng)改革突破了我國(guó)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的課程結(jié)構(gòu)，改變了英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段通過(guò)開(kāi)設(shè)單純的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)四種語(yǔ)言技能課提高學(xué)生語(yǔ)言技能的傳統(tǒng)課程建設(shè)理念，對(duì)英語(yǔ)課程及教學(xué)方法進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新性的改革。首創(chuàng)了英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段具有我國(guó)特色的內(nèi)容、語(yǔ)言融合的課程體系；率先開(kāi)發(fā)了適合英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段的內(nèi)容依托課程；系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)了英語(yǔ)國(guó)家史、地、社會(huì)文化及歐洲文化、中國(guó)文化、跨文化交際、《圣經(jīng)》與文化教材；以英語(yǔ)為媒介，系統(tǒng)教授專(zhuān)業(yè)內(nèi)容；以?xún)?nèi)容為依托，全面發(fā)展學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言技能；擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的知識(shí)面，提高學(xué)生的綜合素質(zhì)，以嶄新的途徑實(shí)現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)教育的總體培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《英國(guó)自然人文地理》是在內(nèi)容依托教學(xué)理念的指導(dǎo)下，基于國(guó)家哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段內(nèi)容依托式教學(xué)改革研究”推出的系列英浯教材之一?！　　队?guó)自然人文地理》適用于英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)一、二年級(jí)學(xué)生，也適用于具有中學(xué)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)的非英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生和英語(yǔ)愛(ài)好者學(xué)習(xí)。本教材具備以下主要特色：　　遵循了全新的教學(xué)理念　　英國(guó)地理文化知識(shí)與自然人文知識(shí)并重，既訓(xùn)練語(yǔ)畜技能，也豐富相關(guān)知識(shí)。　　涉及了系統(tǒng)的地理內(nèi)容　　本書(shū)系統(tǒng)地關(guān)注英國(guó)自然地理和人文地理?！　∫M(jìn)了真實(shí)的教學(xué)材料　　真實(shí)、地道的語(yǔ)言材料，穿插大量的圖片、表格等真實(shí)的視覺(jué)材料，表現(xiàn)手段活潑、效果生動(dòng)直觀?！　≡O(shè)計(jì)了新穎的教材板塊　　每一單元均包括課前熱身、課文正文、課后練習(xí)、輔助閱讀、專(zhuān)有名詞列表和娛樂(lè)園地等。結(jié)構(gòu)安排系統(tǒng)合理，突出學(xué)生的主體地位?！　√峁┝硕鄻拥挠?xùn)練活動(dòng)　　培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言和知識(shí)進(jìn)行溝通的能力、邏輯思維能力和探索求知的能力?！　⊥扑]了經(jīng)典的學(xué)習(xí)材料　　在每個(gè)單元的最后向?qū)W生推薦經(jīng)典的書(shū)目、影視作品、名詩(shī)欣賞以及英文歌曲等學(xué)習(xí)資料，延伸課堂教學(xué)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。

書(shū)籍目錄

Unit 1 Panoramic View of the UK  　Text A View of theUK  　Text B Names about the UK  　Text C Britain and Ireland Unit 2 A Survey of England  　Text A View of England  　Text B Climate in England  　Text C Ramble Around England  Unit 3 South West England  　Text A View of South West  　Text B The Origin of Bath  　Text C Stonehenge  Unit 4 South East England  　Text A View of South East England  　Text B Oxford University  　Text C Stephen Hawking  　Text D On The Canterbury Tales  Unit 5 London  　Text A Greater London and the City of London  　Text B Landmarks in London  　Text C More Landmarks  　Text D One Square Mile  Unit 6 The East of England  　Text A View of the East of England  　Text B New Stone Installed with China's Best-known Poem  　Text C The Broads, Dedham Vale and Fens  Unit 7 East Midlands  　Text A View of East Midlands  　Text B Heroes in Nottinghamshire  　Text C Northampton  Unit 8 West Midlands  　Text A View of West Midlands  　Text B West Midlands  　Text C Stratford-Upon-Avon  　Text D The Black Country  Unit 9 North West England  　Text A View of North West England  　Text B The Beatles  　Text C Lancaster  　Text D Great Manchester  Unit 10 Yorkshire and the Humber  　Text A View of Yorkshire and the Humber  　Text B Sharing Cars in Leeds  　Text C More about York  Unit 11 North East England    Text A View of North East England    Text B Hadrian's Wall  　Text C Durham and Durham Cathedral  Unit 12 Scotland    Text A View of Scotland    Text B Loch Ness    Text C Edinburgh Festivals    Text D Thistle: Scotland's National Flower  Unit 13 Wales    Text A View of Wales    Text B Legends of Wales    Text C More about Wales  Unit 14 Northern Ireland    Text A View of Northern Ireland    Text B More about Northern Ireland    Text C Legend of Giant's Causeway  ……Unit 15 Review of the UKAppendixes

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Oxford, The City of Dreaming Spires, is the first city from the source on the River Thames. It is also the largest city in South East England. It is famous worldwide for its University, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. For over 800 years, Oxford has been a home to royalty. The first known settlement here grew up in the 8th century around a priory close to a crossing point in the Thames. The settlement was then known as "Oxenaforda".　　Oxfords name comes from the crossing point of ford across the Thames. The ford was used by cattle farmers to drive their oxen to market. It is the combination of the words "oxen" and "ford" that give Oxford its name. （Fords are places where the water is shallow enough to walk across to the opposite bank. ）　　2. Canterbury　　Canterbury is a relatively small city with a population of 45,000, but it is the spiritual capital of England.　　This was the headquarters and burial place of St. Augustine, the first Archbishop of Canterbury. Augustine was sent from Rome by Pope Gregory to convert the English from paganism in 597 AD and is credited with establishing Christianity in England. Todays Archbishop of Canterbury is the head of the worldwide Anglican Communion.　　Canterbury was also the site of the murder of St. Thomas Becket （another Archbishop of Canterbury） in 1170, at the hands of the kings knights. Miracles were reported around Thomas tomb almost immediately and it soon became one of the most important pilgrimage destinations in Europe. Geoffrey Chaucers famous The Canterbury Tales, written in the 14th century, is about a mix of pilgrims telling each other stories to pass the time on their pilgrimage from London.

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