教育技術(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語

前言

　　教育技術(shù)學(xué)的飛速發(fā)展正在影響著教育的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，并成為教育深化改革的突破口和制高點(diǎn)，它與素質(zhì)教育、教育信息化、教育創(chuàng)新、創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)、促進(jìn)終身學(xué)習(xí)體系的建立等重大問題緊密相關(guān)，因此，從業(yè)人員必須通過不斷學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)英語，來迅速掌握教育技術(shù)學(xué)的新理論知識與新技術(shù)。為進(jìn)一步提高教育技術(shù)學(xué)本科生和研究生的專業(yè)英語能力，促進(jìn)人才的高層次培養(yǎng)，我們撰寫了這本教材。選材的原則如下：　?。?）語言的規(guī)范性與純正性。本書中的課文選自國外的經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)，包括國際權(quán)威網(wǎng)站和經(jīng)典論文?！　。?）專業(yè)知識的廣泛性與先進(jìn)性。選材綜合選取了信息與傳播技術(shù)、教學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、開發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)資源、在線學(xué)習(xí)、遠(yuǎn)程教育、教學(xué)評價(jià)等內(nèi)容，使讀者在學(xué)習(xí)科技英語的同時(shí)也了解教育技術(shù)學(xué)的最新發(fā)展動態(tài)。　?。?）專業(yè)知識的全面性。本書不僅重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了科技文獻(xiàn)的“讀”，也對“寫”與口頭表達(dá)作了嘗試，同時(shí)還系統(tǒng)地闡述了科技論文的寫作、投稿與應(yīng)用文寫作?！　。?）專業(yè)知識的擴(kuò)展性。教育技術(shù)學(xué)是一門知識更新極快的專業(yè)，因此學(xué)生必須了解本專業(yè)的最權(quán)威期刊，掌握科技文獻(xiàn)的查閱方法?！　〈送猓緯€針對同類型教材的不足，結(jié)合作者多年來的實(shí)際工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)與學(xué)術(shù)交流的體會，補(bǔ)充了Internet上常用的教育技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)資源?！　W(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)本書后，能熟悉和掌握大量教育技術(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語的常用詞匯和術(shù)語，提高閱讀和理解原始的專業(yè)英語文獻(xiàn)的能力，了解本專業(yè)里的一些新的理論知識與技術(shù)，從而增強(qiáng)國際交流能力?！　∮捎诮?jīng)驗(yàn)不足，加之作者水平有限，書中的疏漏之處在所難免，敬請讀者批評指正，以便進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)和充實(shí)我們的工作。

內(nèi)容概要

本書的主要目的是使學(xué)生掌握教育技術(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語術(shù)語及用法，培養(yǎng)和提高學(xué)生閱讀和翻譯專業(yè)英語文獻(xiàn)資料以及用英語進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)交流的能力。全書包括專業(yè)英語基礎(chǔ)篇與應(yīng)用篇兩部分，其中基礎(chǔ)篇由20個(gè)單元組成，涵蓋教育技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的主要分支和實(shí)踐領(lǐng)域，主要內(nèi)容包括：教育技術(shù)學(xué)、教育技術(shù)學(xué)的歷史和理論基礎(chǔ)、傳播理論、系統(tǒng)理論、信息與傳播技術(shù)、教學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、開發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)資源、遠(yuǎn)程教育、教學(xué)評價(jià)等內(nèi)容，都是精選國外的經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)。每個(gè)單元由知識目標(biāo)、專業(yè)詞匯、2～4篇課文、新單詞、課文注釋、其中一篇課文的參考翻譯及練習(xí)這七個(gè)部分組成。同時(shí)為了方便教學(xué)，應(yīng)用篇系統(tǒng)地介紹了科技論文的結(jié)構(gòu)、寫作與投稿等問題，歸納了中國學(xué)生撰寫英文科技論文中常見的錯(cuò)誤，最后總結(jié)了常用應(yīng)用文寫作的要求與規(guī)范，并給出了一些實(shí)際的范例。    本書可作為教育技術(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)本科生和研究生的專業(yè)英語、文獻(xiàn)研究、雙語課程的教材，也可供從事相關(guān)專業(yè)的人員參考使用。

書籍目錄

Part 1 The Outline of Educational Technology  Unit 1 The Basic Concepts of Educational Technology      Text A What is Educational Technology?    Text B Perspectives and Meaning of Educational Technology    Text C Research Methods of Educational Technology      專業(yè)英語簡介  Unit 2 The History of Educational Technology    Text A History of Educational Technology    Text B  A Critical Period of Educational Technology：1950-1970     Text C Current Status of Educational Technology      專業(yè)英語的詞匯特征  Unit 3 The Practice and Future of Education Technology    Text A Four Perspectives on Educational Technology    Text B The Professionalization of the Field    Text C Future Trends in Educational Technology      Text D  Your Future in the Field    專業(yè)英語常見的語法現(xiàn)象Part 2 The Theoretical Foundation of Educational Technology  Unit 4 Learning Theories    Text A The Importance of Learning Theory to Education Technology    Text B The Behaviorist Orientation to Learning    Text C Cognitivism and Gagne’S Model of Learning      Text D Constructivism    專業(yè)英語翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)  Unit 5  Communication Theories    Text A Defining Communication    Text B  Communication System    Text C Communication Theory    Text D Two Typical Models of Communication Theory      從句的翻譯(I)  Unit 6  InstructiOnaI Theories      Text A A Brief Introduction to Instructional Theory      Text B Taxonomy of Educational Objectives      Text C Gagne’S Theory of Instruction    Text D Elaboration Theory    從句的翻譯(II)  Unit 7 Systems Theory    Text A The Systems View      Text B What is Systems Theory    Text C The Functions of Systems Theory    Text D General Systems Theory    被動句的翻譯Part 3 Media，Technology and Learning  Unit 8 Brief Introduction to Several Media and Technologies    Text A Muhimedia      Text B Hypermedia    Text C  Interactive Media    Text D Visual Reality    Text E Expea Systems    長句的翻譯  Unit 9 Information Technology and Education    Text A The Information Age    Text B  ICTs and Globalization    Text C Information Technology and Education      Text D Basic IT Skills and Personal Qualifications    英漢語序的對比與翻譯  Unit 10 The Development Trends of Media and Technologies    Text A Continuing Use of Traditional Media    Text B Advancing Telecommunications and Interactive Technologies    Text C Predictions of Technology Trends    Text D  Electronic Learning      文獻(xiàn)檢索簡介Part 4 Instructional Systems Design  Unit 11 Instructional Systems and Instructional Systems Design    Text A Instructional Systems    Text B Instructional Design      文獻(xiàn)檢索方法簡介  Unit 12  Instructional Systems Design Models    Text A  Instructional System Design(ISD)：Using the ADDLE Model    Text B The ASSURE Model    Text C Dick and Carey Model      Text D  Rapid Prototyping    Internet上常用的教育技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)資源  Unit 13 Automating Instructional Design    Text A Automating Instructional Design    Text B Four Types of Automated Instructional Design Tools    Text C  Current Trends in Automated Tools      教育技術(shù)期刊——Your Guide to Educational Technology    Journals on the Web(I)Part 5 Developing Learning Resources  Unit 14 Audio      Text A  Audio Formats      Text B Produce MateriaLs on Cassette Tapes‘    Text C Using Audio Files in Multimedia    教育技術(shù)期刊——Y0ur Guide to Educational Technology    Journals on the Web(Ⅱ)  Unit 15 Video      Text A  Video Formats    Text B Selecting Video_    Text C Producing Video    科技論文的結(jié)構(gòu)與寫作初步(I)  Unit 16 Developing Online Courses    Text A Creating a Web Page    科技論文的結(jié)構(gòu)與寫作初步(Ⅱ)Part 6  Network Education  Unit 17 Distance Education      Text A Distance Education：An Overview    Text B Distance Education，F(xiàn)ace to Face Teaching and Technology      Text C Distance Learning Technologies    Text D  Summary and Recommendations for the Future of Distance Education    投稿指南(I)  Unit 18 Online Learning    Text A  A Brief Introduction of Online Learning      Text B Educational Benefits of Online Learning      Text C Evaluating Online Learning      投稿指南(Ⅱ)Part 7 The Evaluation of Educational Technology  Unit 19 The Evaluation of Learning Source and Learning Process    Text A The History and Context of Evaluation    Text B Three Basic Methods of Learning Evaluation    Text C  Evaluation for Distance Education    應(yīng)用文寫作之一——信函  Unit 20  Educational Evaluation    Text A  Educational Evaluation      Text B  Evaluating Webbased LearningA Clustered Study of    Two Online Projects      Text C  Computer—assisted Assessment(CAA)    應(yīng)用文寫作之二——簡歷和求職信

章節(jié)摘錄

　　The study of systems can follow two general approaches. A cross-sectional approach dealswith the interaction between two systems, while a developmental approach deals with the chan-ges in a system over time. There are three general approaches for evaluating subsystems. A ho-list approach is to examine the system as a complete functioning unit. A reductionist approachlooks downward and examines the subsystems within the system. The functionalist approachlooks upward from the system to examine the role it plays in the larger system. All three app-roaches recognize the existence of subsystems operating within a larger system.　　Kuhns model stresses that the role of decision is to move a system towards equilibrium.Communication and transaction provide the vehicle for a system to achieve equilibrium. "Cul-ture is communicated, learned patterns.., and society is a collectively of people having a com-mon body and process of culture. " Kuhns terminology is interlocking and mutually consistent.The following summarizes his basic system definitions：　　A system variable is any element in an acting system that can take on at least two differentstates. Some system variables are dichotomous, and can be one of two values——the rat lives, orthe rat dies. System variables can also be continuous. The condition of a variable in a system isknown as the system state. The boundaries of a system are defined by the set of its interactingcomponents. Kuhn recognizes that it is the investigator, not nature, that bounds the particularsystem being investigated.　　A controlled （cybernetic） system maintains at least one system variable within some spe-cified range, or if the variable goes outside the range, the system moves to bring the variableback into the range. This control is internal to the system. The field of cybernetics is the disci-pline of maintaining order in systems.　　A systems input is defined as the movement of information or matter-energy from the envi-ronment into the system. Output is the movement of information or matter-energy from the sys-tem to the environment. Both input and output involve crossing the boundaries that define thesystem. When all forces in a system are balanced to the point where no change is occurring,the system is said to be in a state of static equilibrium. Dynamic （steady state） equilibriumexists when the system components are in a state of change, but at least one variable stays with-in a specified range. Homeostasis is the condition of dynamic equilibrium between at least twosystem variables. Kuhn states that all systems tend toward equilibrium, and that a prerequisitefor the continuance of a system is its ability to maintain a steady state or steadily oscillatingstate.

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