雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)論

出版時(shí)間:2009-12  出版社:北京大學(xué)出版社  作者:歐衛(wèi)紅  頁(yè)數(shù):319  字?jǐn)?shù):363000  
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前言

  隨著全球化進(jìn)程的加速、國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的加劇,各國(guó)對(duì)國(guó)際化雙語(yǔ)或多語(yǔ)人才的需求日益迫切。  但是,外語(yǔ)教學(xué)效率低下,培養(yǎng)出的學(xué)生不能熟練運(yùn)用外語(yǔ),是各國(guó)普遍面臨的巨大挑戰(zhàn)。為此,從20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái),許多國(guó)家和地區(qū),在檢討已有的外語(yǔ)教育政策和實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,采取多種改革措施提高公民外語(yǔ)水平。其中,以外語(yǔ)作為教學(xué)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)非語(yǔ)言學(xué)科以增加學(xué)生接觸外語(yǔ)和使用外語(yǔ)時(shí)空的雙語(yǔ)教育理念,尤為國(guó)際教育研究界所關(guān)注,并成為許多國(guó)家課程改革和外語(yǔ)教育改革的重要內(nèi)容。  這表明,人類語(yǔ)言教學(xué)已進(jìn)入“母語(yǔ)教學(xué)+外語(yǔ)教學(xué)+雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)”的大語(yǔ)言教學(xué)時(shí)代。  在這樣的大背景下,中國(guó)中小學(xué)漢英雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)異軍突起,發(fā)展迅猛。雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的初步成果為人們帶來(lái)了希冀。這正是:“眾里尋他千百度,驀然回首,那人卻在,燈火闌珊處?!薄 ‰p語(yǔ)教學(xué)是素質(zhì)教育新的切入點(diǎn):語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)與學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)相輔相成;雙語(yǔ)思維能力促進(jìn)智慧的提升;跨文化交際能力拓寬學(xué)生視野;學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)言能力為高校學(xué)習(xí)奠基;雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)促進(jìn)學(xué)科教師的發(fā)展:雙語(yǔ)教育推動(dòng)學(xué)校的整體發(fā)展。因此,中小學(xué)雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)深受社會(huì)各界的關(guān)注與支持?! 〗逃?001年4號(hào)文件《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)高等學(xué)校本科教學(xué)工作提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量的若干意見(jiàn)》要求本科教育逐步使用英語(yǔ)等外語(yǔ)進(jìn)行公共課和專業(yè)課教學(xué),特別是高新領(lǐng)域的生物技術(shù)、信息技術(shù)等專業(yè),以及為適應(yīng)我國(guó)加入WTO后需要的金融、法律等專業(yè)。高校開(kāi)展的雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)在很大程度上推動(dòng)了中小學(xué)雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的發(fā)展?! ∧壳?,我國(guó)中小學(xué)雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)已初具規(guī)模,呈現(xiàn)出教育規(guī)劃區(qū)域性實(shí)驗(yàn)與課題研究布點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)并駕齊驅(qū)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)。我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)特別是沿海地區(qū)雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)展較快。上海、蘇州、無(wú)錫,遼寧的雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)已列入當(dāng)?shù)氐慕逃l(fā)展規(guī)劃。廣州、天津、青島、深圳和成都雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)穩(wěn)步發(fā)展,成績(jī)顯著。桂林、重慶、北京、哈爾濱等城市和中西部的一些學(xué)校在進(jìn)行著多種教學(xué)模式的實(shí)驗(yàn)和嘗試。

內(nèi)容概要

  本書(shū)共5章,除第4章外,其余各章部以英漢兩種語(yǔ)言陳述,英語(yǔ)為豐,漢語(yǔ)為輔,英語(yǔ)部分臼成體系,漢語(yǔ)部分是前者的要點(diǎn)呈現(xiàn)?! hapter 1 Basic Theories語(yǔ)言學(xué)基本理論本章所涉及的主要是語(yǔ)言學(xué)關(guān)于語(yǔ)言教學(xué)和語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的基本理論,從第一語(yǔ)言習(xí)得和學(xué)習(xí),到第二語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)和習(xí)得,再到雙語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)和習(xí)得。在這一部分,我們明確地提出:對(duì)雙語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)和習(xí)得也存在“關(guān)鍵期”的假說(shuō),這一假說(shuō)是雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)應(yīng)從基礎(chǔ)教育階段開(kāi)始實(shí)施的觀點(diǎn)的重要理論支撐?! hapter 2 Teaching Methodology教學(xué)法本章首先討論了英語(yǔ)教學(xué)法和學(xué)科(如數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)、音樂(lè)等)教學(xué)法,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)法這一概念。我們認(rèn)為:英語(yǔ)教學(xué)法和學(xué)科教學(xué)法是雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)法的基礎(chǔ),雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)法足前兩者的融合、拓展和深化,是雙語(yǔ)教師應(yīng)達(dá)到的較高境界、應(yīng)具備的特殊能力。本章只涉及了小學(xué)階段數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)和音樂(lè)三個(gè)學(xué)科?! hapter 3 Grammar語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法是雙語(yǔ)教師的基本功,但本章不是對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的全面陳述,而只是為雙語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)所需而濃縮的一些要點(diǎn),主要供非英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的雙語(yǔ)教師參考、查閱。同時(shí),也簡(jiǎn)議了一些熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,特別是在雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,如雙語(yǔ)數(shù)學(xué)加法運(yùn)算教學(xué)中主謂一致等。  Chapter 4 Resources教學(xué)資源本章資源包括4.1學(xué)科術(shù)語(yǔ)、表達(dá)法和4.2教案分析兩部分。第一部分根據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)和音樂(lè)三門(mén)學(xué)科中小學(xué),特別是小學(xué)階段中文課本的主要內(nèi)容研編而成,為雙語(yǔ)教師在備課、上課、教研時(shí)查閱、應(yīng)用提供參考:第二部分教案分析,是對(duì)網(wǎng)上隨機(jī)選定的教案樣本進(jìn)行的分析。但我們的分析十分膚淺,且可能失之偏頗,僅供參考?! hapter 5 Teacher Development教師發(fā)展有其自身的內(nèi)涵、作用、途徑等。本章主要從雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)的角度,談雙語(yǔ)教師職前職后的專業(yè)發(fā)展。

書(shū)籍目錄

Chapter One Basic Theories  1.1 Theories of first language acquisition and learning   1.1.1 Language acquisition and language learning   1.1.2 Theories of first language acquisition.   1.1.3 Language acquisition view of cognitive linguistics   1.1.4 Language development.   1.1.5 The critical period hypothesis  1.2 Theories of second language learning and acquisition.   1.2.1 Critical period of second language learning and acquisition   1.2.2 Theories of second language acquisition   1.2.3 Practical pedagogical implications of SLA research   1.2.4 Individual learner differences and second language acquisition   1.2.5 Interlanguage  1.3 Theories of bilingual learning and acquisition   1.3.1 Appellation   1.3.2 Definitions   1.3.3 Types of bilingual teaching models   1.3.4 Bilingual education examples across the world   1.3.5 Chinese-English bilingual teaching in China   1.3.6 The critical period hypothesis of bilingual teaching Chapter Two Teaching Methodology.  2.1 Main ideas about English teaching methodology   2.1.1 Language and language teaching   2.1.2 The New National English Curriculum   2.1.3 Current English teaching methodology   2.1.4 Lesson planning   2.1.5 Classroom management   2.1.6 Assessment in language teaching   2.1.7 Classroom English  2.2 Main ideas about subject methodology   2.2.1 Main ideas about math teaching methodology   2.2.2 Main ideas about science teaching methodology   2.2.3 Main ideas about music teaching methodology  2.3 Main ideas about bilingual teaching methodology   2.3.1 Teaching goals   2.3.2 Teaching models and strategies   2.3.3 Code-switching   2.3.4 Bilingual teaching methodology in some subjects  Reference books Chapter Three Grammatical Points for Bilingual Teaching  3.1 Verb and tense   3.1.1 Main verbs   3.1.2 Auxiliaries   3.1.3 Tenses  3.2 Subject-Verb concord   3.2.1 Brief introduction about concord   3.2.2 The common rule of agreement  3.3 Participle  3.4 Commonly used sentence pattems   3.4.1 Existential sentence pattern   3.4.2 It-patterns   3.4.3 Conditional sentences  3.5 Simple sentence   3.5.1 Positive and negative statements   3.5.2 Questions   3.5.3 Commands   3.5.4 Exclamations  3.6 Clause   3.6.1 Clause element   3.6.2 Basic clause types  3.7 Degree and construction   3.7.1 Degree of adjectives and adverbs   3.7.2 Typical comparative structures  3.8 Direct and indirect speech  3.9 Infinitive  3.10 Passive voice  3.11 Some issues  Reference books Chapter Four Resources for Bilingual Classroom Teaching Chapter Five Teacher Development Glossary and Index

章節(jié)摘錄

  Language is the most important tool for human communication, and thinking, and it is the vehicle by which knowledge is transmitted. The use of language is an extraordinarily complicated skill. Each of us has the capacity to produce and understand an almost limitless number of sentences. For many people this skill for using language is "a defining feature of humanity" (Lund 2003: 39). Yet this complicated skill seems to be learned by children with ease and nearly all children who are exposed to language learn it rapidly. How this remarkable development take place and how children so quickly and as if by magic acquire language have interested experts in a variety of areas, such as linguists, psychologists and psycholinguists. Over the past years, there have been a large number of differing theories about how children acquire their first language. Among them are the three leading positions: behaviorist, innatist, and interactional/ developmental perspectives.  1.1.1 Language acquisition and language learning  Before the introduction to the theories of first language acquisition, let us have an understanding of the following terms:  Language acquisition is a complicated process which involves a wide range of social, psychological, cognitive, linguistic and physiological factors.

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