美國(guó)自然人文地理

前言

　　《美國(guó)自然人文地理》是在內(nèi)容依托教學(xué)理念指導(dǎo)下，依托國(guó)家哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“英語專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段內(nèi)容依托式教學(xué)改革研究”推出的系列英語內(nèi)容依托教材之一，是大連外國(guó)語學(xué)院和遼寧省兩級(jí)教學(xué)成果一等獎(jiǎng)并被遼寧省推薦參評(píng)國(guó)家級(jí)教學(xué)成果的重要組成部分。這套系列教材的推出具有重要的理論意義和重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義?！　‰S著我國(guó)英語教育的快速發(fā)展，英語專業(yè)長(zhǎng)期貫徹的“以技能為導(dǎo)向”的課程建設(shè)理念及教學(xué)理念已經(jīng)難以滿足社會(huì)的需要。專家教師們密切關(guān)注的現(xiàn)行英語專業(yè)教育大、中、小學(xué)英語教學(xué)脫節(jié)，語言、內(nèi)容教學(xué)割裂，單純語言技能訓(xùn)練過多，專業(yè)內(nèi)容課程不足，學(xué)科內(nèi)容課程系統(tǒng)性差，高低年級(jí)內(nèi)容課程安排失衡及其導(dǎo)致的學(xué)生知識(shí)面偏窄、知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)欠缺、思辨能力偏弱、綜合素質(zhì)發(fā)展不充分等問題日益凸顯?！　♂槍?duì)上述問題，國(guó)家哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“英語專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段內(nèi)容依托式教學(xué)改革研究”以內(nèi)容依托教學(xué)（CBI）理論為指導(dǎo)，確定了如下改革思路：　　（一）更新語言教學(xué)理念，改革英語專業(yè)教學(xué)的課程結(jié)構(gòu)。在不改變專業(yè)總體培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)和教學(xué)時(shí)限的前提下，對(duì)課程結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行革命性的變革，改變傳統(tǒng)單一的語言技能課程模式，實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)容課程——語言課程的融合，擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的知識(shí)面，提高學(xué)生的語言技能?！　。ǘ╅_發(fā)課程自身替力，同步提高專業(yè)知識(shí)和語言技能。內(nèi)容依托課程本身也同時(shí)關(guān)注內(nèi)容和語言，把內(nèi)容教學(xué)和語言教學(xué)有機(jī)結(jié)合。以英語為媒介，系統(tǒng)教授專業(yè)內(nèi)容；以專業(yè)內(nèi)容為依托，在使用語言過程中提高語言技能，擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的知識(shí)面?！　。ㄈ└母锝虒W(xué)方法手段，全面提高語言技能和綜合素質(zhì)。依靠?jī)?nèi)容依托教學(xué)在方法上的靈活性，通過問題驅(qū)動(dòng)、輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)等方法調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，把啟發(fā)式、任務(wù)式、討論式、結(jié)對(duì)子、小組活動(dòng)、課堂展示、多媒體手段等行之有效的活動(dòng)與學(xué)科內(nèi)容教學(xué)有機(jī)結(jié)合，提高學(xué)生的語言技能，激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主性和創(chuàng)造性，提升思辨能力和綜合素質(zhì)。

內(nèi)容概要

《美國(guó)自然人文地理》是在內(nèi)容依托教學(xué)理念指導(dǎo)下，基于國(guó)家哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“英語專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段內(nèi)容依托式教學(xué)改革研究”推出的系列英語教材之一。    《美國(guó)自然人文地理》適用于英語專業(yè)一、二年級(jí)學(xué)生，也適用于具有中學(xué)英語基礎(chǔ)的非英語專業(yè)學(xué)生和英語愛好者學(xué)習(xí)。本教材具備以下主要特色：    遵循了全新的教學(xué)理念    美國(guó)地理文化知識(shí)與自然人文知識(shí)并重，既訓(xùn)練語言技能，也豐富相關(guān)知識(shí)。    涉及了系統(tǒng)的歷史內(nèi)容    幫助讀者了解美國(guó)諸州及重要城市，系統(tǒng)介紹美國(guó)自然地理和人文知識(shí)。    引進(jìn)了真實(shí)的教學(xué)材料    真實(shí)、地道的語言材料，穿插圖表、照片等真實(shí)的視覺材料，表現(xiàn)手段活潑，效果生動(dòng)直觀。    設(shè)計(jì)了新穎的教材板塊    每一單元均包括課前熱身、課文正文、課后練習(xí)、輔助閱讀、專有名詞列表、娛樂園地等。結(jié)構(gòu)安排系統(tǒng)合理，突出學(xué)生的主體地位。    提供了多樣的訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)        培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言和知識(shí)進(jìn)行溝通的能力、邏輯思維能力和探索求知的能力。        推薦了經(jīng)典的學(xué)習(xí)材料        在每個(gè)章節(jié)的最后部分向?qū)W生推薦經(jīng)典的書目、影視作品、名詩(shī)欣賞以及英文歌曲等學(xué)習(xí)資料，延伸課堂教學(xué)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。

書籍目錄

Unit 1  Panoramic View of the USA　Text A  General Characteristics of the USA　Text B  Major Regions of the USA　Text C  The Face of the Land　Text D  The RiversUnit 2  View of the Northeast　Text A  The "Melting Pot"　Text B  New England　Text C  Mid-AtlanticUnit 3  Landform of the Northeast　Text A  Lakes, Rivers, Falls and Mountains　Text B  The Coastal Plains　Test C  Cape Cod　Text D  More about Cape CodUnit 4  Coastal Cities in the Northeast　Text A  Development of the Coastal Citrus　Text B  Boston　Text C  PhiladelphiaUnit 5  Imporlanl Centers of the USA in the Northeast　Text A  The Capital City　Text B  The Nation's Most Cosmopolitan City　Text C  Economy of Washington, D.C.　　Text D  BroadwayUnit 6  Land of Changes in the Southeast　Text A  The Southeast and Its Problems　Text B  Economy of the Southeast　Text C  Population of the Southeast　Text D  The Top in the SoutheastUnit 7  Touring the Sontheast　Text A  The Mighty Mississippi River and the Ozarks　Text B  Rolling Hills, Flat Plains and Islands　Text C  The Rivers of Grass　Text D  MemphisUnit 8  View of the Midwest　Text A  Physical Features of the Midwest　Text B  Lakes, Plains, Big Rivers, Badlands and Caves　Text C  Mount Rushmore National MemorialUnit 9  More about the Midwest　Text A  Settlement on the Plains　Text B  The Past and Present of the Midwest　Text C  Belts in the MidwestUnit 10  The Southwestern States　Text A  The Four Southwestern States　Text B  Santa Fe, the City Different　Text C  Culture of the American SouthwestUnit 11   Landform of the Southwest　Text A  Desert, Canyon, Plateau, Rivers, and Plains　Text B  Drought in the Southwest　Text C  Changes on the RanchUnit 12  View of the West　Text A  The Rocky Mountains, Clear Rivers and Salty Lakes　Text B  Hottest, Driest, and Highest　Text C  Bear River Course　Text D  What Is the Great Basin?Unit 13  Temples of Nature and Cities of the Pacific　Text A  The Temples of Nature　Text B  Cities of the Pacific　Text C  Yellowstone National Park　Text D  City by the Bay and the Emerald CityUnit 14  Newest StatesUnit 15  Review:Regions of the USAAppendixes

章節(jié)摘錄

　　When we see this great area today, it is hard to realize that it was wilderness onlythree centuries ago. The effect of the wilderness upon the colonists was a powerful forcein developing the United States. As soon as permanent settlements were made in the newland, subtle changes occurred in the people.Faced with the problems of a new anduncharted land, these settlers had to give up many of the traditional behavior patterns ofEurope. In order to survive, they developed a cooperative and democratic life-style thatlaid the foundations of the American political system and pragmatic philosophy.　　Even today, the visitor who expects only factories, apartment houses, and crowdedstreets is surprised. In the Northeast, he sees more wooded hills than factory chimneys,more fields than concrete roads, more farmhouses than office buildings.　　The features of the land over most of this region are on a small and gentle scale. It isa country of many brooks, of low mountain ridges, of rolling hills, of orchards, pasturesand vegetable gardens. In only a few places is a visitor so much as 40 kilometers distantfrom rich farms. There are areas of true wilderness such as the forests in the northern partof the State of Maine, where to this day the only way of crossing great stretches of land orwater is by foot or canoe. Everywhere, the outer reaches of cities mingle with farms, andin many towns there are old farmhouses and barns, which have been changed intodwellings, and now they are crowded close by taller buildings.　　The observant visitor quickly guesses that he is in a relatively old farming region onwhich a pattern of cities and industries has grown and spread. What he cannot see is howthe look of the countryside has changed with this growth of industry. A few generationsago, the majority of these farms produced grain to be sold, and a variety of plants, meatsand poultry for the farm family itself. Today, most of the farms are developed primarilyto one type of farming: dairy cattle, or vegetables, or chickens, or fruit. Most specializein products that can be rushed fresh to the cities nearby. Thus, the nature of agriculturalproduction has changed to meet the needs of the regions industrial economy.

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