跨文化交流

前言

在《世界傳播學(xué)經(jīng)典教材》第一輯出版后，讀者和學(xué)界同仁一直在期盼著本叢書的延續(xù)。自1949年施拉姆出版《大眾傳播學(xué)》，第一次提出大眾傳播學(xué)框架之后，傳播學(xué)之名便在美國(guó)得以創(chuàng)立，一門獨(dú)立的學(xué)科正式誕生。這個(gè)學(xué)科的研究方法扎根于美國(guó)的實(shí)證學(xué)派，核心理論以充分吸收其他社會(huì)科學(xué)的精華見長(zhǎng)。從研究的范圍而言，此后的美國(guó)“主流”學(xué)者的大多數(shù)著作一般可根據(jù)傳播的四種類型（人內(nèi)傳播、人際傳播、組織傳播、大眾傳播）進(jìn)行劃分。具體到大眾傳播研究，所關(guān)注的對(duì)象則集中在5w（傳播者、內(nèi)容、媒介、受眾、效果）上。本套叢書的初衷就是在傳播學(xué)多樣化發(fā)展的今天，為學(xué)人們獻(xiàn)上能夠反映這一學(xué)科全貌的重要著作，提示人們重視這些學(xué)術(shù)上的成就。傳播學(xué)源于人類最本能、最簡(jiǎn)單、最基本的生活實(shí)踐。雖然傳播學(xué)作為一個(gè)學(xué)科的誕生主要得益于電子大眾媒介的擴(kuò)散和應(yīng)用，但歷史上人類傳播的實(shí)踐是這個(gè)學(xué)科得以萌芽和成長(zhǎng)的基礎(chǔ)。傳播學(xué)者們關(guān)注來自山頂洞的火光，來自美索不達(dá)米亞平原的泥版，來自尼羅河邊的莎草紙，來自西奈山上的羊皮卷，來自中國(guó)的甲骨簡(jiǎn)牘，來自印度的貝葉……人類整部文明歷史都可以視作為傳播學(xué)的誕生而進(jìn)行的籌備。學(xué)者們的研究使得我們對(duì)媒介本質(zhì)和傳播規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí)上升到知識(shí)層面，從而對(duì)人類文明的發(fā)展有了更深刻的洞見。傳播學(xué)在中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了引進(jìn)、消化、吸收、本土化的發(fā)展過程。中國(guó)接受、研究和發(fā)展傳播學(xué)理論，最初的幾步相當(dāng)遲緩。20世紀(jì)70年代末，傳播學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)層面才開始進(jìn)入中國(guó)人的視野。1978年7月，上海復(fù)旦大學(xué)新聞系出版了新聞學(xué)刊物《外國(guó)新聞事業(yè)資料》，在創(chuàng)刊號(hào)上發(fā)表了介紹傳播學(xué)的譯文——《公共傳播》（Mass Communication）（當(dāng)時(shí)使用的是“公共傳播”的譯法，而不是后來的“大眾傳播”）。1982年5月，美國(guó)傳播學(xué)學(xué)者施拉姆（wilbur Schramm）訪華。隨后，在中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院新聞研究所召開了中國(guó)第一次全國(guó)性的傳播學(xué)研討會(huì)。這些事件從一個(gè)側(cè)面反映了中國(guó)傳播學(xué)發(fā)展的路徑與歷程。

內(nèi)容概要

本書旨在增進(jìn)人類的人際交流能力和跨文化交流能力，講述了文化和交流之間的獨(dú)特關(guān)系，特別是來自不同文化背景的人如何交流思想、感情和信息。    本書適用于那些在工作或生活中碰到了跨文化交流問題的人．其中既包括不同國(guó)家間的跨文化交流，也包括國(guó)內(nèi)不同文化間的交流，具有很強(qiáng)的實(shí)用價(jià)值。    本書自出版以來，一直是美國(guó)該領(lǐng)域最流行的教科書之一。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

薩莫瓦爾，美國(guó)圣迭哥州立大學(xué)（San Diego State University）傳播學(xué)院教授?？缥幕瘋鞑パ芯亢蛯懽鞣矫娴臋?quán)威人物。他在國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際會(huì)議上發(fā)表了一百多篇學(xué)術(shù)論文，出版著作有13部之多。他與理查德·波特合著的傳播學(xué)專著多次再版。薩莫瓦爾熱心社會(huì)活動(dòng)，長(zhǎng)期擔(dān)任政府和私人

書籍目錄

序言第一章　交流與文化：聲音與回響　跨文化交流的挑戰(zhàn)  　跨文化的接觸　國(guó)際接觸    新技術(shù)和信息系統(tǒng)      增長(zhǎng)的人口      全球經(jīng)濟(jì)  　國(guó)內(nèi)接觸　定義一些術(shù)語(yǔ)  　跨文化交流　  主流文化    　副文化  　人類信息交流的要點(diǎn)  　交流的定義  　  交流的原理  　文化      文化的基本功能      文化的要素      文化的定義  　文化的特點(diǎn)    文化是習(xí)得的  　文化是共享的    文化是代代相傳的  　文化建立在符號(hào)系統(tǒng)之上　文化是發(fā)展變化的　文化是個(gè)綜合體系  　學(xué)習(xí)跨文化交流    個(gè)人的獨(dú)特性      定型觀念      客觀性  　本書預(yù)覽  　小結(jié)  　思考與實(shí)踐　小組討論題第二章　文化的深層結(jié)構(gòu)：現(xiàn)實(shí)的根源  　文化的深層結(jié)構(gòu)    深層結(jié)構(gòu)的規(guī)范含有文化中最重要的信仰      深層結(jié)構(gòu)的規(guī)范訊息最持久      深層結(jié)構(gòu)的規(guī)范被人們感受最深      深層結(jié)構(gòu)的規(guī)范支撐文化身份  　家庭    家庭的重要性  　……第三章　世界觀：對(duì)生與死的文化解釋第四章　文化與個(gè)人：文化身份第五章　對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的多種看法：文化價(jià)值觀第六章　詞語(yǔ)與含義：語(yǔ)言與文化第七章　非言語(yǔ)交流：行為、空間、時(shí)間和沉默傳達(dá)的訊息第八章　文化對(duì)語(yǔ)境的影響：商務(wù)情境第九章　文化對(duì)語(yǔ)境的影響：教育情境第十章　文化對(duì)語(yǔ)境的影響：衛(wèi)生保健情境第十一章　具備跨文化交流能力：改進(jìn)跨文化交流結(jié)語(yǔ)　我們身處何地？將走向何方？

章節(jié)摘錄

UNITED  STATES HISTORYAny discussion of American history must begin with an analysis of the people who cre-ated the United States. It is these first immigrants who set the tone for what was to fol-low from 1607 to the present. The power and influence of these first settlers is clearlypointed out by McElroy when he notes, "Never before in history has a society made upchiefly of self-determining, self-selected immigrants and their descendants come intobeing in a place that offered so much opportunity for gain for those who would workfor it."161 McElroy also maintains that "primary American cultural beliefs derive from"these initial settlers and that they "began the process of distinguishing American be-havior from European behavior, which during the next eight generations led to the for-mation of a new American culture."162 What McElroy is suggesting is that much ofwhat we now call American culture can be traced to a distinctive population that ar-rived at the outset of this country's history——a population that arrived believing inmany of the values that continue to endure in the U.S., such as hard work, improve-ment, practicality, freedom, responsibility, equality, and individuality.163   These first settlers, who were predominantly Anglo-Saxons, brought with themsome English values, the English system of law, and the basic organization of com-merce that was prevalent during the sixteenth century. Just as these first settlers werebeginning to stake out a culture, they were almost immediately confronted with awave of non-Anglo-Saxons arriving through migration. And as we noted earlier, these"new citizens" continue to arrive even today. This ongoing influx of immigrants, bothlegal and illegal, has produced what is sometimes referred to as the first multiculturalnation in the world.   Although cultural integration did not come easily during the early stages of the for-mation of the United States, the shared desire of the American people to be separatedfrom what was known as the Crown and Divine Right, as well as from the Church ofEngland, provided the impetus to seek unity. This impetus led, in part, to the binding ofthe English settlers with Germans, Irish, and other ethnicities into a social fabric ampleenough to contain Catholics, Congregationalists, and Methodists and to unite North,South, East, and West within a national framework. Americans wanted to separatealienable rights——those that could be voluntarily surrendered to the government——frominalienable rights, those that could not be surrendered or taken away, even by a gov-ernment of the people. 164 The fundamental American proposition became "life, liberty,and the pursuit of happiness" for each individual, whose liberties had to be securedagainst the potentially abusive power of government. The desire to escape the Crownand the Church of England also gave rise to what is commonly referred to as the doc-trine of separation of church and state, which prohibits the government from support-ing any single form of religion or from blocking anyone from practicing their desiredreligion.165 This doctrine is currently at the forefront of U.S. political activity, as ques-tions of abortion rights, school prayer, and governmental-sponsored displays of the TenCommandants are debated at the highest levels of government.

編輯推薦

《跨文化交流(第6版)》自出版以來，一直是美國(guó)該領(lǐng)域最流行的教科書之一。

圖書封面

圖書標(biāo)簽Tags

無

評(píng)論、評(píng)分、閱讀與下載

---

    跨文化交流 PDF格式下載

---