成功寫作入門

前言

　　北京大學(xué)出版社2008年最新引進(jìn)了一套國外暢銷的《英語寫作原版影印系列叢書》，并邀請(qǐng)我為這套叢書寫序，談?wù)勎覍?duì)英語寫作教學(xué)與研究的一些認(rèn)識(shí)。我仔細(xì)翻閱后，覺得這套書特色十分鮮明，其中有幾本再版達(dá)十次以上，經(jīng)久不衰，非常樂意在此推薦給我國的廣大讀者。　　在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和網(wǎng)絡(luò)高度發(fā)達(dá)的今天，學(xué)好英語已變得十分重要，英語口頭與書面語的表達(dá)能力已逐漸成為當(dāng)今的核心競爭力之一，從第二語言學(xué)習(xí)的社會(huì)文化觀看，能否流利地運(yùn)用外語進(jìn)行口頭或書面交流已直接關(guān)系到學(xué)生的就業(yè)和未來發(fā)展。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《成功寫作入門》于1979年首次出版，已再版十次，盛銷不衰。本書內(nèi)容豐富，與寫作相關(guān)的概念和步驟，都佐以具體事例進(jìn)行清晰明了的講解。作者熟悉和了解當(dāng)代大學(xué)生，以其為背景的素材，信手拈來。作者引導(dǎo)讀者循序漸進(jìn)地進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)英語寫作。書中大量的學(xué)生習(xí)作和專家范文相得益彰。每章后的練習(xí)和作業(yè)都與正文內(nèi)容相匹配，幫助教師及時(shí)檢查學(xué)生是否掌握了所學(xué)內(nèi)容?！　鹘y(tǒng)的大學(xué)寫作課程、教材或?qū)懽魇謨?cè)往往枯燥、生硬、充滿了條條框框，令學(xué)生望而生畏，本書作者則文筆流暢，語調(diào)風(fēng)趣、幽默，循循善誘，對(duì)所講內(nèi)容深入淺出，娓娓道來，引人入勝。此外，本書版面設(shè)計(jì)新穎，精選的圖片有助于學(xué)生放松心情，活躍思維，激發(fā)他們寫作的愿望與創(chuàng)作的激情。

作者簡介

　　Jean Wynck，是美國科羅拉多州立大學(xué)的榮譽(yù)退休教授，曾任該校寫作教研部主任11年之久。她有豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在近30年的教學(xué)生涯中，主講過本科英語寫作課、培訓(xùn)過英語寫作教師并擔(dān)任多項(xiàng)寫作研究項(xiàng)目的負(fù)責(zé)人。此外，她還著有“The Rinehart Reader”和“Discovering Ideas”等著作。她曾發(fā)表了二十多篇關(guān)于寫作和美國文學(xué)方面的論文。目前她研究的主要內(nèi)容包括19世紀(jì)晚期和20世紀(jì)初的美國小說、美國研究以及婦女研究。她出版的三本大學(xué)寫作教材都曾多次再版。

書籍目錄

Part One The Basics of the Short Essay1 PrewritingGetting Started (or Soup-Can Labels Can Be Fascinating)Selecting a SubjectFinding Your Essays Purpose and FocusPump-Primer TechniquesAfter Youve Found Your FocusPracticing What You’ve LearnedDiscovering Your AudienceHow to Identify Your ReadersPracticing What Youve LearnedAssignmentKeeping a Journal (Talking to Yourself Does Help)Chapter 1 Summary2 The Thesis StatementWhat Is a Thesis? What Does a "Working Thesis" Do?Can a "Working Thesis" Change?Guidelines for Writing a Good ThesisAvoiding Common Errors in Thesis StatementsPracticing What Youve LearnedAssignmentUsing the Essay MapPracticing What Youve LearnedAssignmentChapter 2 Summary3e Topic Sentence 50Focusing Your Topic SentencePlacing Your Topic SentencePracticing What Youve LearnedAssignmentApplying What Youve Learned to Your WritingParagraph DevelopmentParagraph LengthPracticing What Youve LearnedAssignmentApplying What Youve Learned to Your WritingParagraph UnityPracticing What Youve LearnedApplying What Youve Learned to Your WritingParagraph CoherencePracticing What Youre LearnedParagraph SequenceTransitions between ParagraphsApplying What Youve Learned to Your WritingChapter 3 Summary4 Beginnings and EndingsHow to Write a Good Lead-inAvoiding Errors in Lead-insPracticing What Youve learnedAssignmentHow to Write a Good Concluding ParagraphAvoiding Errors in ConclusionsPracticing What Youre LearnedAssignmentHow to Write a Good TitlePracticing What Youve learnedAssignmentApplying What Youve Learned to Your WritingChapter 4 Summary5 Drafting and Revising： Creative Thinking， Critical ThinkingWhat Is Revision?When Does Revision Occur?Myths about RevisionCan I Learn to Improve My Revision Skills?Preparing to Draft some Time-Saving HintsAdditional Suggestions for Writers with Word ProcessorsWriting Centers， Computer Labs， and Computer ClassroomsA Revision Process for Your DraftsI. Revising for Purpose， Thesis， and AudienceII. Revising for Ideas and EvidenceⅢ. Revising for OrganizationIV. Revising for Clarity and StyleV. Editing for ErrorsVI. ProofreadingA Final Checklist for Your EssayPracticing What Youve LearnedBenefiting from Revision WorkshopsPracticing Youre LearnedAssignmentSome Last Advice： How to Play with Your Mental BlocksChapter 5 Summary6 Effective Sentences7 Word Logic8 The Reading-Writing ConnectionPart Two Purposes， Modes， and Strategies9 Exposition10 Argumentation11 Description12 Narration13 Writing Essays Using Multiple StrategiesPart Three Special Assignments14 Writing a Paper Using Research15 Writing in Class： Exams and "Response" Essays16 Writing about Literature17 Writing about Visual Arts18 Writing about Film19 Writing in the World of WorkPart Four A Concise Handbook20 Major Errors in Grammar21 A Concise Guide to Punctuation22 A Concise Guide to MechanicsList of ArtworksList of Advertisements

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Chapter　　Prewriting　　Getting Started (or Soup-Can Labels Can Be Fascinating)　　For many writers, getting started is the hardest part. You may have noticed that when it is time to begin a writing assignment, you suddenly develop an enormous desire to straighten your books, water your plants, or sharpen your pencils for the fifth time. If this situation sounds familiar, you may find it reassuring to know that many professionals undergo these same strange compulsions before they begin writing. Jean Kerr, author of Please Dont Eat the Daisies, admitted that she often found herself in the kitchen reading soup-can labels—or anything——to prolong the moments before taking pen in hand. John C. Calhoun, vice president under Andrew Jackson, insisted he had to plow his fields before he could write, and Joseph Conrad, author of Lord Jim and other novels, is said to have cried on occasion from the sheer dread of sitting down to compose his stories.　　To spare you as much hand-wringing as possible, this chapter presents some practical suggestions on how to begin writing your short essay. Although all writers must find the methods that work best for them, you may find some of the following ideas helpful..　　The Basics of the Short Essay　　But no matter how you actually begin putting words on paper, it is absolutely essential to maintain two basic ideas concerning your writing task. Before you write a single sentence, you should always remind yourself that　　1. You have some valuable ideas to tell your reader, and　　2. More than anything, you want to communicate those ideas to your reader.　　These reminders may seem obvious to you, but without a solid commitment to your own opinions as well as to your reader, your prose will be lifeless and boring. If you dont care about your subject, you cant very well expect anyone else to. Have confidence that your ideas are worthwhile and that your reader genuinely wants, or needs, to know what you think.　　Equally important, you must also have a strong desire to tell others what you are thinking. One of the moist common mistakes inexperienced writers make is failing to move past early stages in the writing process in which they are writing for————or writing to——-themselves only. In the first stages of composing an essay, writers frequently "talk" on paper to themselves, exploring thoughts, discovering new insights, making connections, selecting examples, and so on. The ultimate goal of a finished essay, however, is to communicate your opinions to others clearly and persuasively. Whether you wish to inform your readers, change their minds, or stir them to action, you cannot accomplish your purpose by writing so that only you understand what you mean. The burden of communicating your thoughts falls on you, not the reader, who is under no obligation to struggle through confused, unclear prose, paragraphs that begin and end for no apparent reason, or sentences that come one after another with no more logic than lemmings following one another to the sea.

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