全球通史（英文第7版上下）

內(nèi)容概要

《全球通史(上下第7版)》：近年來，在作全球觀點或包含全于內(nèi)容重新進行世界史寫的嘗試中，最具有推動作用的那些著作恰恰是由歷史學(xué)家個人獨立完成的，其中以斯塔夫里阿諾斯的《全球通史》最為著名。《艾拉·費茲潔若：經(jīng)典歌曲全集（CD）》：    整個50、60年代，艾拉·費茲潔若聲音可以說具備了無懈可擊的“甜”和詮釋歌曲收放自如的技巧，這種感覺就像是你咬下一口成熟得正好的蘋果，無論是它果肉清脆的程度、咬下后水分瞬間噴出的快感，和放一口它在嘴里慢慢咀嚼所釋放出的甜味，總是教人贊嘆上帝創(chuàng)造出的果實是如此地美好！號稱“爵士第一夫人”，此專輯獲得兩屆格萊美獎。

作者簡介

作者：(美國)斯塔夫里阿諾斯斯塔夫里阿諾斯，是美國加州大學(xué)的歷史學(xué)教授，享譽世界的歷史學(xué)家，曾獲得過古根海姆獎、福特杰出教師獎秒各克菲勒基金獎等一系列學(xué)術(shù)榮譽。雖然他以《全球通史》享譽世界，但實際上他著述頗豐，還有大量其他傷口為學(xué)術(shù)界稱道。除《全球通史》外，斯塔夫里阿諾斯的作品還包括《1453年以來的巴爾干各國》、《奧斯曼帝國：它是歐洲的病人嗎？》、《全球分裂：第三世界的歷史進程》和《源自我們過去的生命線：新世界史》等。 斯塔夫里阿諾斯教授已于2004年3月23日在美國加州荷亞去世，本書不但是斯氏《全球通史》的最新版本，也成了其最后版本。

書籍目錄

英文目錄地圖索引致讀者致謝圖片來源第一編　史前人類 　第1章 引言：世界史的性質(zhì) 　第2章　人類——食物采集者 第二編  歐亞大陸的古典文明（公元500年之前）  第3章  最初的歐亞大陸文明  第4章  古典文明開啟歐亞大陸一致性  第5章  希臘——羅馬文明  第6章  印度文明  第7章  中國文明  第8章  古典文明的終結(jié)  歷史對今天的啟示 文明：是禍還是福？第三編  歐亞大陸中世紀的文明  第9章  中世紀文明形成歐亞大陸一致性  第10章  伊斯蘭教的興起  第11章  突厥人的蒙古人的入侵  第12章  傳統(tǒng)的拜占廷文明  第13章 傳統(tǒng)的儒家文明  第14章 革命的西方文明  歷史對今天的啟示  發(fā)達社會與“遏制領(lǐng)先”第四編  公元1500年以前的非歐亞大陸世界  第15章 非洲  第16章 美洲和澳大利亞  第17章 歐洲擴前夕的世界  歷史對今天的啟示 歷史中的民族第五編  1500年以前諸孤立地區(qū)的世界  第18章  西方擴張時的穆斯林世界  第19章  西方擴張的儒家世界  第20章  擴張中的西方文化：文藝復(fù)興和宗教改革  第21章  西方文明的擴張：經(jīng)濟擴張和國家建設(shè)  歷史對今天的啟示  歷史與關(guān)于歷史的流行理論第六編  西方崛起的世界   第22章  西歐的擴張：伊比利息亞階段  第23章  西歐的擴張：荷蘭、法國、英國階段  第24章  俄國在亞洲的擴張  第25章  全球統(tǒng)一性的開始  歷史對今天的啟示  從世界歷史看地區(qū)自治與全球統(tǒng)一第七編  西方據(jù)優(yōu)勢地位時的世界第八編  1914年以來西方衰落與成功的世界術(shù)語表索引

章節(jié)摘錄

　?、?MONGOL DECLINE　　The basic reason for the decline of the Mongols was that they were too few in number and too primitive in relation to their subject peoples.The Mongols， as Pushkin put it， were "Arabs without Aristotle and algebra." This left them wlnerable to assimilation as soon as they dis-mounted from their horses and settled down to enjoy their conquests. In this respect they dif-fered fundamentally from the Arabs， who had both a language and a religion that their sub-jects were willing to adopt and which served as strong bonds for imperial unity. The Mongols，being less advanced than the Arabs， enjoyed no such advantage. Rather， the opposite was the case with them， for they adopted the languages，religions， and cultures of their more-advanced subjects and thereby lost their identity. This was the root reason why their empire dissolved so soon after its creation.　　Indicative of the assimilation process was Kublai Khan's decision to move the Mongol cap-ital from Karakorum to Peking. Inevitably he became a Chinese-style emperor， ruling from a palace of Chinese design， conducting elaborate Confucian ceremonies， and building new Con-fucian temples. As the Grand Khan， he was nominally the suzerain of all the Mongol khanates. Actually his authority did not extend beyond China. His brother Arikboga had con- tested his election as Grand Khan. Kublai Khan had prevailed only after a four-year struggle.Then he was challenged by his cousin， Kaidu，who controlled Turkestan， and the ensuing forty-year civil war ended in stalemate. Thus the Mongol Empire was shattered by internal dynas-tic rivalries as well as by cultural assimilation.　　While Kublai Khan was becoming a Chi-nese emperor， Hulagu was becoming a Persian ruler. With Tabriz as his capital he established the so-called Ilkhanate. （The term Ilkhan means "subject Khan" and was applied to the Mongol rulers of Persia as subordinates to the Grand Khan.） His successor's adoption of Islam in 1295 as the offiaal religion both reflected and acceler-ated the Mongols' assimilation into their Iran-ian-lslamic milieu. Likewise the Golden Horde across the Caucasus went its own way， influ-enced by the native Christian Orthodox culture and by the official Islamic creed. Before long the only remaining pure Mongols were those in ancestral Mongolia， where they came under the influence of Buddhism and sank into impotent obscurity.　　It is a tribute to Marco Polo's keen insight that he foresaw Mongol decline even when he was serving under the great Kublai Khan. In his account of his travels， Marco Polo made the fol-lowing significant analysis of the assimilation of the Mongols by the people they conquered.　　All this that I have been telling you is true of the manners and customs of the genuine Tatars [Mon-gols]. But I must add also that in these days they are greatly degenerated； for those who are settled in Cathay have taken up the practices of the Idolaters of the country， and have abandoned their own institu-tions； whilst those who have settled in the Levant have adopted the customs of the Saracens.　?、?TURKISH REVIVAL　　Since the Mongols were so few in number， they had taken an ever-increasing proportion of Turks into their armies. Then with the breakup of the empire these Moslem Turks quickly came to the fore， as they had earlier in the caliphate before the Mongol onslaught. A succession of military adventurers now rose and fell in the struggle for control of the central Eurasian steppes. The most remarkable of these was Timur， known to Europe as Tamerlane. He seized Samarkand in 1369， and from there he struck out in all direc-tions. First he destroyed the Ilkhanate in Persia and Mesopotamia， then defeated the Golden Horde in Russia and the Ottoman Turks in Asia Minor， and he even invaded India and sacked Delhi. He was determined to make his capital，Samarkand， the finest city in the world， and after each campaign he sent back caravans loaded with booty， together with craftmakers，artists， astrologers， and scholars. At its height，his empire extended from the Mediterranean to China， and Timur was preparing to invade the latter country when he died in 1405. His empire then disintegrated even more rapidly than that of the Mongols.　　……

媒體關(guān)注與評論

書評近年來，在用全球觀點或包含全球內(nèi)容重新進行世界史寫作的嘗試中，最具有推動作用的那些著作恰恰是由歷史學(xué)家個人獨立完成的，其中以斯塔夫里阿諾斯的《全球通史》最為著名。                                         ——杰弗里·巴勒克拉夫    《全球通史》給了我強烈的真實感：它是一種思想武器，可以用來救治我們現(xiàn)在所面臨的由于陶醉于技術(shù)進步而產(chǎn)生的深重的精神危機；它有助于人們理解未來，包含各種可能性和選擇的未

編輯推薦

尤其值得一提的是，《全球通史(上下)》(第7版)作者文筆雋永、筆力深厚、才思橫溢，整部著作前后一貫。 這里呈現(xiàn)原汁原味的英文版以饗廣大讀者，讓您在頗具歷史韻律的行文中思接千載，視通萬里。

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