布拉格學(xué)派

內(nèi)容概要

《布拉格學(xué)派(1945-1990)》作為關(guān)于后經(jīng)典時(shí)期布拉格學(xué)派的惟一讀本，這部讀本提供了珍貴的第一手資料，使我們得以觀察布拉格學(xué)派思想的傳承和發(fā)展。由于布拉格學(xué)派成員的國際性，研究領(lǐng)域的多樣性，任何一部讀本都難以反映學(xué)派的全貌，而只能作為一個(gè)便利的出發(fā)點(diǎn)。后經(jīng)典時(shí)期，比如在語音、詞法、句法、類型學(xué)、符號學(xué)、語言學(xué)與詩學(xué)、語言學(xué)思想史等等領(lǐng)域，布拉格學(xué)派都為語言科學(xué)增添了新的思想財(cái)富。    所有這些都表明，布拉格學(xué)派在后經(jīng)典時(shí)期，如同在其經(jīng)典時(shí)期一樣，繼續(xù)給我們以心智的啟示和思想的滋養(yǎng)，而思想的價(jià)值首先不是以其被肯定或被否定的程度來判斷，而是以其激發(fā)他人思考的程度來確定的。

書籍目錄

PrefacePhilip A.LuelsdorffⅠ.STUDIES IN SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS　Sentence Patterns and Verb Classes 　On the So-Called Semantic and Grammatical Stlucture of the Sentence　Subject and Predicate　On Case Theory　Some Thoughts on the Semantic Structure of the Sentence　Valency and Intention　The Sentence as a Text UnitⅡ.STUDIES IN MORPHOLOGY　On Morphological OppositionsⅢ.LEVELS OF LANGUAGE SYSTEM　Hierarchy and Overlap ofLanguage Levels　Notes on the So：Called Transposition　On Analogy and AnomalyⅥ. GRAPHEMICS　Some Remarks on Revaluations of Redundant GraphemesⅤ. LEXICON　The Invariant Meaning of Derived Words　Comparison of the Vocabularies of Related and Unrelated LanguagesⅥ.  SOCIOLINGUISTICS　Code Switching without Bilingualism in CzechⅦ. CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTICS　Contrastive Comparison and Other Types of Polylingual Description　On the Contrastive Study of Cognate LanguagesIndex of authorsIndex of subjects

章節(jié)摘錄

　　On the So-Called Semantic and Grammatical Structure ofthe Sentence*　　Milo? Dokulil and Franti-ek Dane?　　In recent years syntactic investigations have undergone new revival anddevelopment．Besides syntheric works，also a series of valuable contribu-fions in iournals and miscdlanies has appeared．However，it must be statedtllatthisdevelopment suffersfromahighmethodological，notional andalsoterminologicaldisparity，andoftenevenfromalackofclearanalysis．Thuswe are convinced that in the given situation it is necessary and urgent toreconsider the general questions of sentence structure，to aim at a clarification of the basic notions and of the principles of the procedure of syntacticanalysis．In this contribution we certainly do not try to present a definitivesolution to the given questions；rather．ideas are presented for discussion．We take up insights of older scholars．a(chǎn)nd attempt to clarify the principalviewpoints which should be used as starting points for the analysis ofsyntax．　　Whenformulating(oranalyzing)asenteace，erofthelanguagehastoknownotonlYtheconstructionalmaterialofthe senfence，thewords andtheir syntactic properties and possibilities，but also the overall constructionplan of the sentence，which is determined in principle by its integral“grammatical”meaning，i.e. by an entire abstraction of the sententialconicnL Precisely in the sense in which the grammatical properties ofwords represent hasically a (high-level) abstraction of the specific lexicalmeanings of words and of specific relationships between these meanings (certainly，these grammatical properties are not only a reflection ofreality，but also an expression of the organizing principle of sentence structure).

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