出版時間:2012-1 出版社:中國人民大學出版社 作者:安德魯·海伍德 頁數(shù):275
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內(nèi)容概要
概念是我們思考、批判、爭論、解釋和分析的工具。毫無疑問,政治概念是整個政治學理論的基石,但與此同時,也因其多變和自相矛盾而聲名狼藉。實際上,政治爭論就是關于如何正確理解和使用政治術語的爭論。本書通俗易懂地介紹了政治學研究中約100個主要的概念,每一個概念都得到了清晰且充分的闡述。
本書行文清新、圓潤、通暢、耐讀,并且持論公允,沒有明顯的政治偏見,使之在政治概念和理念的研究上具有獨特的參考價值、工具書價值,對于擴展人們的共享性政治知識、培育理性與寬容的政治認知大有裨益。
作者簡介
英國克羅伊登學院副院長,政府與政治A-Level課程首席考官,享有國際聲譽的英國政治學家,長期致力于政治學基礎和政治學理論的研究出版的主要著作有《政治學》(Politics)、(政治學核心概念》(Key
Concepts in Politics)、 《政治學導論》(PoliticalTheory An
Introduc—tion)、《政治的理念與概念》(PoliticalIdeas and Concepts:An
Introduction)等,都是可讀性強、知識含量豐富的政治學教材。
書籍目錄
第一部分 政治概念的使用和濫用(Uses And Abuses of Political Concepts)
引 言(Introduction)
什么是概念(What Is a Concept?)
規(guī)范性概念和描述性概念(Normative and Dscriptive Concepts)
爭議性概念(Contested Concepts)
詞與物(Words and Things)
如何使用這本書(How to Use This Book)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
第二部分 基本概念(Basic Concepts)
權(quán)威(AUTHORITY)
市民社會(CIVIL SOCIETY)
共識(CONSENSUS)
政府與治理(GOVERNMENT/GOVERNANCE)
人性(HUMAN NATURE)
意識形態(tài)(IDEOLOGY)
法律(LAW)
左派和右派(LEFT/RIGHT)
合法性(LEGITIMACY)
秩序(ORDER)
政策(POLICY)
政治(POLITICS)
權(quán)力(POWER)
主權(quán)(SOVEREIGNTY)
國家(STATE)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
第三部分 意識形態(tài)(Ideologies)
無政府主義(ANARCHISM)
基督教民主主義(CHRISTIAN DEMOCRACY)
共產(chǎn)主義(COMMUNISM)
共同體主義(COMMUNITARIANISM)
保守主義(CONSERVATISM)
生態(tài)主義(ECOLOGISM)
法西斯主義(FASCISM)
女權(quán)主義(FEMINISM)
自由主義(LIBERALISM)
意志自由主義(LIBERTARIANISM)
馬克思主義(MARXISM)
納粹主義(NAZISM)
新左派(NEW LEFT)
新右派(NEW RIGHT)
種族主義(RACIALISM/RACISM)
宗教原教旨主義(RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM)
社會民主主義(SOCIAL DEMOCRACY)
社會主義(SOCIALISM)
第三條道路(THIRD WAY)
托利主義(TORYISM)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
第四部分 方法(Approaches)
行為主義(BEHAVIOURALISM)
辯證法(DIALECTIC)
話語(DISCOURSE)
經(jīng)驗主義(EMPIRICISM)
功能主義(FUNCTIONALISM)
歷史唯物主義(HISTORICAL MATERIALISM)
唯心主義(IDEALISM)
制度主義(INSTITUTIONALISM)
政治哲學(POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY)
政治科學(POLITICAL SCIENCE)
政治理論(POLITICAL THEORY)
實證主義(POSITIVISM)
后現(xiàn)代主義(POSTMODERNISM)
理性選擇(RATIONAL CHOICE)
理性主義(RATIONALISM)
現(xiàn)實主義(REALISM)
系統(tǒng)理論(SYSTEMS THEORY)
功利主義(UTILITARIANISM)
烏托邦主義(UTOPIANISM)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
第五部分 價值(Values)
回應(ACCOUNTABILITY)
自治(AUTONOMY)
公民身份(CITIZENSHIP)
公民自由(CIVIL LIBERTY)
集體主義(COLLECTIVISM)
共同體(COMMUNITY)
同意(CONSENT)
憲政(CONSTITUTIONALISM)
民主(DEMOCRACY)
平等(EQUALITY):
自由(FREEDOM)
人權(quán)(HUMAN RIGHTS)
個人主義(INDIVIDUALISM)
正義(JUSTICE)
領導(LEADERSHIP)
能人統(tǒng)治(MERITOCRACY)
中立(NEUTRALITY)
義務(OBLIGATION)
財產(chǎn)權(quán)(PROPERTY)
代表(REPRESENTATION)
責任(RESPONSIBILITY)
權(quán)利(RIGHTS)
寬容(TOLERATION)
傳統(tǒng)(TRADITION)
福利(WELFARE)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
第六部分 制度(Systems)
專制主義(ABSOLUTISM)
權(quán)威主義(AUTHORITARIANISM)
資本主義(CAPITALISM)
集體化(COLLECTIVISATION)
聯(lián)合制(CONSOCIATIONALISM)
組合主義(CORPORATISM)
獨裁(DICTATORSHIP)
精英主義(ELITISM)
自由民主制(LIBERAL DEMOCRACY)
軍國主義(MILITARISM)
議會制政府(PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT)
父權(quán)制(PATRIACHY)
多元主義(PLURALISM)
民眾主義(POPULISM)
總統(tǒng)制政府(PRESIDENTIAL GOVERNMENT)
共和主義(REPUBLICANISM)
革命(REVOLUTION)
極權(quán)主義(TOTALITARIANISM)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
第七部分 結(jié)構(gòu)(Structures)
兩院制(BICAMERALISM)
權(quán)利法案(BILL OF RIGHTS)
官僚制(BUREAUCRACY)
內(nèi)閣(CABINET)
聯(lián)合(COALITION)
委員會(COMMITTEE)
憲法(CONSTITUTION)
選舉(ELECTION)
行政機關(EXECUTIVE)
性別(GENDER)
霸權(quán)(HEGEMONY)
司法機關(JUDICIARY)
授權(quán)(MANDATE)
市場(MARKET)
大眾媒體(MASS MEDIA)
君主制(MONARCHY)
反對(OPPOSITION)
議會(PARLIAMENT)
政治文化(POLITICAL CULTURE)
政黨(POLITICAL PARTY)
總統(tǒng)(PRESIDENT)
壓力集團(PRESSURE GROUP)
首相(PRIME MINISTER)
人種/種族(RACE/ETHNICITY)
全民公決(REFERENDUM)
權(quán)力分立(SEPARATION OF POWERS)
社會階級(SOCIAL CLASS)
社會運動(SOCIAL MOVEMENT)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
第八部分 層次(Levels)
集權(quán)/分權(quán)(CENTRALISATION/DECENTRALISATION)
權(quán)力下放(DEVOLUTION)
聯(lián)邦制(FEDERALISM)
全球化(GLOBALISATION)
帝國主義(IMPERIALISM)
政府間主義(INTERGOVERNMENTALISM)
國際主義(INTERNATIONALISM)
地方政府(LOCAL GOVERNMENT)
民族(NATION)
民族國家(NATION-STATE)
民族主義(NATIONALISM)
愛國主義(PATRIOTISM)
區(qū)域主義(REGIONALISM)
輔助決策(SUBSIDIARITY)
超國家主義(SUPERNATIONALISM)
進一步閱讀的書目(Further Reading)
主要政治思想家集注(Glossary of Key Political Thinkers)
參考書目(Bibliography)
索引(Index)
章節(jié)摘錄
版權(quán)頁:插圖:The central feature of ecologism is the belief that nature is an inter- connected whole, embracing humans and non-humans as well as the inanimate world (the term 'ecology' means the study of organisms 'at home' or 'in their habitats'). A distinction is often drawn between ecologism and environmentalism. Environmentalism refers to a moderate or reformist approach to the environment that responds to ecological crises but without fundamentally questioning conventional assumptions about the natural world. It thus includes the activities of most environmental *pressure groups and is a stance that may be adopted by a range of*political parties. Ecologism, in contrast, is an *ideology in its own right, in that it adopts an ecocentric or biocentric perspective that accords priority to nature or the planet, and thus differs from the anthropocentric or human-centred perspectives of conventional ideological traditions. Nevertheless, two strains of ecologism are normally identified. 'Deep ecology' completely rejects any lingering belief that the human species is in some way superioi" to, or more important than, any other species - or, indeed, nature itself. 'Shallow ecology', on the other hand, accepts the lessons of ecology but harnesses them to human needs and ends. In other words, it preaches that if we can serve and cherish the natural world, it will, in turn, continue to sustain human life.A variety of hybrid forms of ecologism have emerged. Ecoosocialism, usually influenced by modern *Marxism, explains environmental destruction in terms of *capitalism's rapacious quest for profit. Eco-anarchism draws parallels between natural equilibrium in nature and in human communities, using the idea of social ecology'. Eco-feminism portrays *patriarchy as the chief source of environmental destruction, and usually believes that women are naturally ecological. Reactionary ecologism links the conservation of nature to the defence of the traditional social order, and was most radically expressed in the 'blood and soil' ideas of *Nazism. However, 'deep' ecology rejects all conventional political creeds. It tends to regard both capitalism and *socialism as examples of the 'superideology' of industrialism, characterised by large-scale production, the accumulation of capital and relentless growth. It supports bio-centric *equality, holding that the *rights of animals have the same moral status as those of humans, and portrays nature as an ethical community within which human beings are merely 'plain citizens'.
媒體關注與評論
本書既是一部特點鮮明的政治學工具書,也是一部具有國際視野、深入淺出的政治學基礎著作?! 败S進(清華大學政治學教授)這部令人贊嘆的教材自始至終都脈絡清晰、引人入勝,重要概念與疑難術語都被解釋得特別到位。它給讀者的基本感受是:地道公允、言簡意賅、圓潤通暢、清新可讀。 ——吳勇(燕山大學政治學教授)
編輯推薦
《政治學核心概念(影印版)》為國外經(jīng)典政治學教材之一。
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