公共行政學(xué)經(jīng)典

前言

Be assured——the editors are not so bold as to assert that these are the classics of public ad- ministration. The field is so diverse that there can be no such list. However, we do contend that it is possible to make a list of many of the discipline's most significant writers andprovide representative samples of their work. That is what we have attempted here. It is readily ad-mitted that writers of equal stature have not found their way into this collection and that equally im-portant works of some of the authors included here are missing. Considerations of space and balancenecessarily prevailed.   The primary characteristic of a classic in any field is its enduring value. We have classic automo-biles, classic works of literature, classic techniques for dealing with legal, medical, or military prob-lems, and so on. Classics emerge and endure through the years because of their continuing abilit~~ tobe useful. The Three Musketeers is as good an adventure story today as it was in 1844 when Alexan-dre Dumas wrote it. But how many other nineteenth-century novels can you name？ Few have generalutility for a twenty-first-century audience. It has been no different with the professional literature ofpublic administration. Much has been written, but what is still worth reading today or will be tomor-row？ The intent of this collection is to make readily available some of the worthwhile material fromthe past that will be equally valuable for tomorrow.   We had three criteria for including a selection. First the selection had to be relevant to a maintheme of public administration. It had to be a basic statement that was consistently echoed or attackedin subsequent years. It also had to be important————of continuing relevance. This leads to our secondcriterion——significance. The selection had to be generally recognized as a significant contribution tothe realm and discipline of public administration. An unrecognized classic seems to us to be a contra-diction: As a role of thumb, we asked ourselves, "Should the serious student of public administrationbe expected to be able to identify this author and his or her basic themes?" If the answer was yes, thenit was so because such a contribution has long been recognized by the discipline as an importanttheme by a significant writer. Whereas the editors can and expect to be criticized for excluding this orthat particular article or writer, it would be difficult to honestly criticize us for our inclusions. Thewriters chosen are among the most widely quoted and reprinted practitioners and academics in publicadministration. The basic idea of this book was simply to bring them together. The final criterion forinclusion was readability. We sought selections that would be read and appreciated by people with orwithout a substantial background in public administration.

內(nèi)容概要

本書是一部貫通西方公共行政百年發(fā)展歷程的經(jīng)典論著選集，以1880年伊頓的《英國(guó)文官制度改革》為開端，以1997年斯通的《政策悖論：政治決策的藝術(shù)》為結(jié)尾，精心選錄了公共行政學(xué)百年發(fā)展歷程中54篇具有代表性和影響力的經(jīng)典論著，分別涉及公共行政學(xué)科典范、公共行政的政治背景、官僚制、組織理論、人力資源管理、預(yù)算過程、公共管理、公共政策及其分析、政策執(zhí)行、項(xiàng)目評(píng)估、府際關(guān)系和行政倫理12個(gè)重要方面。這些論著不僅反映了西方公共行政發(fā)展的歷史脈絡(luò)，也代表了當(dāng)時(shí)西方公共行政最前沿的理論思想。本書第六版配有中文翻譯版。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

編者：（美國(guó)）杰伊·M·沙夫里茨（Jay M.Shafritz） （美國(guó)）艾伯特·C·海德（Albert C.Hyde） （美國(guó)）桑德拉·J·帕克斯（Sandra J.Parkes）杰伊·M·沙夫里茨（Jay M.Shafritz），美國(guó)匹茲堡大學(xué)公共與國(guó)際事務(wù)教授。曾執(zhí)教于科羅拉多大學(xué)丹佛分校、休斯頓大學(xué)明湖分校、紐約州立大學(xué)奧爾巴尼分校、倫斯勒理工學(xué)院等多所大學(xué)。在公共事務(wù)、組織理論、管理學(xué)等領(lǐng)域撰寫專業(yè)性和學(xué)術(shù)性著作達(dá)30多部。艾伯特·C·海德（Albert C.Hyde），美國(guó)布魯金斯研究所公共政策教育中心高級(jí)顧問。曾在匹茲堡大學(xué)、舊金山州立大學(xué)、休斯頓大學(xué)、印第安納大學(xué)等校執(zhí)教，還曾供職于美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院和紐約州立法委員會(huì)。撰寫有《政府預(yù)算：理論、過程和政治》、《政府人事管理》等著作。桑德拉·J·帕克斯（Sandra J.Parkes），美國(guó)猶他大學(xué)政治學(xué)系公共行政專業(yè)教師，主要教學(xué)和研究領(lǐng)域是組織行為、組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和變革、人力資源管理等。在企業(yè)、非營(yíng)利組織和政府部門有十年的管理咨詢經(jīng)歷。

書籍目錄

第一篇  早期的呼聲和首個(gè)25年(19世紀(jì)80年代—20世紀(jì)20年代)　1.英國(guó)文官制度改革(1880，多曼•B•伊頓)　2.行政學(xué)研究(1887，伍德羅•威爾遜)　3.政治與行政(1912，弗蘭克•J•古德諾)　4.市政管理問題研究(1904，珍妮•亞當(dāng)斯)　5.科學(xué)管理、(1912，弗雷德里克•W•泰勒)　6.政府預(yù)算改革運(yùn)動(dòng)(1918，威廉•F•威洛比)　7.官僚制(1922，馬克斯•韋伯)　8.公共行政學(xué)研究導(dǎo)論(1926，倫納德•D•懷特)　9.發(fā)布命令(1926，瑪麗•帕克•芙麗特)第二篇  新政至20世紀(jì)中期(20世紀(jì)30年代—20世紀(jì)50年代)　10.組織理論按語(1937，盧瑟•古利克)　11.總統(tǒng)行政管理委員會(huì)報(bào)告(1937，路易斯•布朗洛、查爾斯•E•梅里安和盧瑟•古利克)　12.非正式組織及其同正式組織的關(guān)系(1938，切斯特•I•巴納德)　13.官僚制結(jié)構(gòu)和人格(1940，羅伯特•K•默頓)　14.預(yù)算理論的缺乏(1940，V.O.凱伊)　15.人類動(dòng)機(jī)論(1943，A.H.馬斯洛)　16.政府不同于企業(yè)(1945，保羅•阿普爾比)　17.行政諺語(1946，赫伯特•A•西蒙)　18.行政國(guó)家：結(jié)論(1948，德懷特•沃爾多)　19.吸納機(jī)制(1949，菲利普•塞爾茲尼克)　20.政府行政機(jī)構(gòu)組織委員會(huì)報(bào)告(1949，摘自胡佛委員會(huì)報(bào)告)　21.企業(yè)的人性面(1957，道格拉斯•默里•麥格雷戈)　22.“漸進(jìn)調(diào)適”的科學(xué)(1959，查爾斯•E•林德布洛姆)第三篇  從肯尼迪被刺至公務(wù)員制度改革(20世紀(jì)60年代—20世紀(jì)70年代)　23.組織與系統(tǒng)概念(1966，丹尼爾•卡茨、羅伯特•L•卡恩)　24.PPB之路：預(yù)算改革的諸階段(1966，艾倫•?？?　25.美國(guó)的制度(1966，莫頓•格羅津斯)　26.未來的組織(1967，沃倫•本尼斯)　27.政策分析家：政府機(jī)構(gòu)中的一種新職業(yè)角色(1967，葉海卡•德羅爾)　28.官僚組織的生命周期(1967，安東尼•唐斯)　29.將政策分析從PPBS中拯救出來(1969，艾倫•韋爾達(dá)夫斯基)　30.行政分權(quán)與政治權(quán)力(1969，赫伯特•考夫曼)　31.自由主義的終結(jié)：訴狀(1969，西奧多•洛伊)　32.冗余、理性及重疊與重復(fù)的問題(1969，馬丁•蘭道)　33.論新公共行政學(xué)(1971，H•喬治•弗雷德里克森)　34.社會(huì)行動(dòng)的系統(tǒng)思維(1971，愛麗絲•M•里夫琳)　35.執(zhí)行(1973，杰弗里•L•普來斯曼、艾倫•威爾達(dá)夫斯基)　36.水門事件：責(zé)任政府的啟示(1974，弗雷德里克•C•莫舍爾等)　37.代議官僚制(1974，塞繆爾•克里斯羅夫)　38.組織衰減與精簡(jiǎn)管理(1978，查爾斯•H•列文)第四篇  里根時(shí)代至政府再造(20世紀(jì)80年代—20世紀(jì)90年代)　39.公共事業(yè)管理和私營(yíng)企業(yè)管理：它們?cè)谒胁恢匾姆矫媸腔鞠嗤膯幔?1980，格雷厄姆•T•阿利森)　40.基層官僚制：基層官僚的重要角色(1980，邁克爾•林普斯基)　41.不確定和不穩(wěn)定環(huán)境中的公共預(yù)算(1981，內(nèi)奧米•凱頓)　42.民主與公共服務(wù)：集體服務(wù)(1982，弗雷德里克•C•莫舍)　43.公共行政學(xué)理論與分權(quán)(1983，戴維•H•羅森布羅姆)　44.行政倫理的可能性(1985，丹尼斯•F•湯普森)　45.探索私有化的極限(1987，羅納德•C•莫)　46.公共行政理論中的女性主義視角(1990，卡米拉•史蒂弗斯)　47.理解組織文化(1989，J•史蒂文•奧特)　48.從平等權(quán)利法案到肯定多樣性(1990，小R•羅斯福•托馬斯)　49.一種普適性的公共管理？(1990，克里斯托弗•胡德)　50.聯(lián)邦主義、府際關(guān)系與府際管理：歷史反思和概念比較(1990，戴爾•S•懷特)　51.突破官僚制(1992，麥克爾•巴澤雷著；巴貝爾•J•阿瑪加尼協(xié)作)　52.從過程到結(jié)果：創(chuàng)造一個(gè)少花錢多辦事的政府 (1993，國(guó)家績(jī)效評(píng)估委員會(huì))　53.思想從何而來？議程、備選方案與公共政策(1995，約翰•W•金登)　54.政策悖論：政治決策的藝術(shù)(1997，德博拉•斯通)

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：This subject of orders has led us into theheart of the whole question of authority andconsent. When we conceive of authority andconsent as parts of an inclusive situation, doesthat not throw a flood of light on this question？The point of view here presented gets rid ofseveral dilemmas which have seemed to puzzlepeople in dealing with consent. The feeling ofbeing "under" someone, of "subordination," of"servility," of being "at the will of another,"comes out again and again in the shop stewards' movement and in the testimony beforethe Coal Commission. One man said before theCoal Commission, "It is all right to work withanyone; what is disagreeable is to feel too distinctly that you are working under anyone."With is a pretty good preposition, not because itconnotes democracy, but because it connotesfunctional unity, a much more profound con-ception than that of democracy as usually held.The study of the situation involves the withpreposition. Then Sadie is not left alone by thehead of the cloak department, nor does shehave to obey her. The head of the departmentsays, "Let's see how such cases had better behandled, then we'll abide by that." Sadie is notunder the head of the department, but both areunder the situation.Twice I have had a servant applying for aplace ask me if she would be treated as a me-nial. When the first woman asked me that, I hadno idea what she meant, I thought perhaps shedid not want to do the roughest work, but later Icame to the conclusion that to be treated as amenial meant to be obliged to be under someone, to follow orders without using one's ownjudgment. If we believe that what heightensself-respect increases efficiency, we shall be onour guard here.

編輯推薦

《公共行政學(xué)經(jīng)典(第5版)》：透過西方公共行政百年發(fā)展歷程中數(shù)十位代表人物的代表作品，讀者可以管窺公共行政學(xué)科的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，拓寬自身公共行政理論視野。以下為《公共行政學(xué)經(jīng)典(第5版)》涉及的54篇經(jīng)典論著中的一部分：伍德羅·威爾遜：《行政學(xué)研究》（1887）弗蘭克·J·古德諾：《政治與行政》（1912）馬克斯·韋伯：《官僚制》（1922）倫納德·D·懷特：《公共行政學(xué)研究導(dǎo)論》（1926）切斯特·I·巴納德：《非正式組織及其同正式組織的關(guān)系》（1958）赫伯特·A·西蒙：《行政諺語》（1946）德懷特·沃爾多：《行政國(guó)家：結(jié)論》（1948）安東尼·唐斯：《官僚組織的生命周期》（1967）H·喬治·弗雷德里克森：《論新公共行政學(xué)》（1971）戴維·H·羅森布羅姆：《公共行政學(xué)理論與分權(quán)》（1985）

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