宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

前言

　　THIS BOOK FOLLOWS A MODERN APPROACH TO MACROECONOMICS BY BUILDING MACROECONOMIC models from microeconomic principles. As such, it is consistent with the way that macroeconomic research is conducted today.　　This approach has three advantages. First, it allows deeper insights into economic growth processes and business cycles, the key topics in macroeconomics. Second, an emphasis on microeconomic foundations better integrates the study of macroeco- nomics with approaches that students learn in courses in microeconomics and in field courses in economics. Learning in macroeconomics and microeconomics thus becomes mutually reinforcing, and students learn more. Third, in following an approach to macroeconomics that is consistent with current macroeconomic research, students will be better prepared for advanced study in economics.　　Structure　　The text begins in Part I with an introduction and study of measurement issues. Chapter 1 describes the approach taken in the book and the key ideas that students should take away. It previews the important issues that will be addressed throughout the book, along with some recent issues in macroeconomics, and the highlights of how these will be studied. Measurement is discussed in Chapters 2 and 3, first with regard to gross domestic product, prices, savings, and wealth, and then with regard to business cycles. In Chapter 3, we develop a set of key business cycle facts that will be used throughout the book, particularly in Chapters 9 and 10 where we investigate how alternative business cycle theories fit the facts.　　Our study of macroeconomic theory begins in Part II. In Chapter 4, we study the behavior of consumers and firms in detail. In the one-period model developed in Chapter 5, we use the approach of capturing the behavior of all consumers and all firms in the economy with a single representative consumer and a single representative firm. The one-period model is used to show how changes in government spending and total factor productivity affect aggregate output, employment, consumption, and the real wage, and we analyze how proportional income taxation matters for aggregate activity and government tax revenue.

內(nèi)容概要

本書是一本典型的中級宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教科書，根據(jù)微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理來構(gòu)建宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)模型是本書的一大特點。內(nèi)容全面準(zhǔn)確，深入淺出，涵蓋了當(dāng)代宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的所有主要領(lǐng)域，涉及消費理論、投資理論和貨幣供求理論等主要內(nèi)容。    本書的主要特色：    1．理論與實踐相結(jié)合。一是設(shè)有“理論與經(jīng)驗數(shù)據(jù)”專欄說明宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)理論與現(xiàn)實經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)特點的匹配情況；二是設(shè)有“宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)實踐”專欄把宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)前沿研究提出的觀點與經(jīng)濟(jì)思想史上出現(xiàn)的觀點濃縮在一起。    2．圖文并茂。本書包含大量圖表，形象地論述了需經(jīng)復(fù)雜處理才能得出重要結(jié)果的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)模型，也論述了實際中重要宏觀數(shù)據(jù)的主要特征。    3．?dāng)?shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用。正文中的分析主要采用圖解形式，學(xué)生只要掌握一些基本的代數(shù)知識即可學(xué)習(xí)本書。    本書非常適合作為高年級本科生雙語教學(xué)的教材，也可為廣大研究人員、政府和企業(yè)決策者提供參考。    配套資源：    包括教師手冊(Instructor’s Manual)、題庫(Text Bank)、PPT等教學(xué)輔助材料，請?zhí)顚憰蟮摹督虒W(xué)支持申請表》獲取以上資源。

作者簡介

斯蒂芬·D·威廉森，是艾奧瓦大學(xué)（University of Iowa）蒂皮商學(xué)院（Tippie College of Business）經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)系金融經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授，獲“切斯特·A·菲利普斯教授”（Chester A．Phillips）榮譽(yù)稱號，是里士滿聯(lián)邦儲備銀行（Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond）的客座研究員。他

書籍目錄

第1篇  導(dǎo)論和衡量問題  第1章  導(dǎo)論  第2章  衡量  第3章  經(jīng)濟(jì)周期的衡量第2篇  宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的一時期模型  第4章  消費者和企業(yè)行為：工作一閑暇決策和利潤最大化  第5章  封閉經(jīng)濟(jì)下的一時期宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)模型第3篇  儲蓄、投資和政府赤字  第6章  兩時期模型：消費一儲蓄決策與信貸市場  第7章  包含投資的實際跨期模型第4篇  貨幣和經(jīng)濟(jì)周期  第8章  貨幣跨期模型：貨幣、價格及貨幣政策  第9章  市場出清的經(jīng)濟(jì)周期模型  第10章  凱恩斯經(jīng)濟(jì)周期理論：黏性工資和價格第5篇  國際宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)  第11章  商品和資產(chǎn)的國際貿(mào)易  第12章  開放經(jīng)濟(jì)中的貨幣

章節(jié)摘錄

　　To begin our study of macroeconomic phenomena, we must first understand what facts we are trying to explain. The most basic set of facts in macroeconomics has to do with the behavior of aggregate economic activity over time. One measure of aggregate economic activity is gross domestic product （GDP）, which is the quantity of goods and services produced within a countrys borders during some specified period of time. GDP also represents the quantity of income earned by those contributing to domestic output. In Figure 1.1 we show real GDP per capita for the United States for the period 1900-2005. This is a measure of aggregate output that adjusts for inflation and population growth, and the unit of measure is thousands of 2000 dollars per person.　　The first observation we can make concerning Figure 1.1 is that there has been sustained growth in per capita GDP during the period 1900-2005. In 1900, the average income for an American was $4,232 （2000 dollars）, and this grew to $37,773 （2000 dollars） in 2005. Thus, the average American became about nine times richer in real terms over the course of 105 years, which is quite remarkable！ The second important observation from Figure 1.1 is that, while growth in per capita real GDP was sustained over long periods of time in the United States during the period 1900-2005, this growth was certainly not steady. Growth was higher at some times than at others, and there were periods over which per capita real GDP declined. These fluctuations in economic growth are business cycles.

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