《哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》解讀

前言

　　The Concord（Mass）Public Library committee has decided to ex-clude Mark Twain’S latest book from the library．One member ofthe committee says that，while he does not wish to call it immoral．he thinks it contains but linle humor，and that of a very coarse type．He regards it as the veriest trash．The librarian and the other mem-bers of the committee entertain similar views，characterizing it asrough，coarse and inelegant，dealing with a series of experiencesnot elevating，the whole book being more suited to the slums thanto intelligent，respectable people．（Boston Transcript，March 17，1885）　　The Concord Public Library was not the only group to condemnMark Twain’S Adventures of Huckleberry Finn．This novel aboutthe adventures of a fourteen．year-old boy has generated contro．versy in every year since it was published in 1884．“What！”thenewcomer to the．novel might exclaim－“this popular boy’S bookabout a happy and wholesome young life in rural America？”Yet，ironically，it is true．Even by the standards of the late twentiethcentury，Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn is one of the most radicaland darkly bitter books in the American canon．What does it pres．ent as good and worthy？For one thing，it represents the breakingof a federal Iaw as moral．

內(nèi)容概要

Since the time of its publication in 1884, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has generated heated controversy. One of the most frequently banned books in the history of literature, it raises issues of race relations, censorship, civil disobedience, and adolescent group psychology as relevant today as they were in the 1880s. This collection of historical documents, collateral readings, and commentary captures the stormy character of the slave-holding frontier on the eve of war and highlights the legacy of past conflicts in contemporary society. These materials will promote interdisciplinary study of the novel and enrich the student's understanding of the issues raised. 作者簡(jiǎn)介：　　CLAUDIA DURST JOHNSON is Professor Emeritus at the University of Alabama, where she served as chair of the English Department for twelve years. She is series editor of the "Literature in Context" series, for which she has authored numerous works.

作者簡(jiǎn)介

　　CLAUDIA DURST JOHNSON is Professor Emeritus at the University of Alabama， where she served as chair of the English Department for twelve years. She is series editor of the "Literature in Context" series， for which she has authored numerous works.

書籍目錄

Introduction1  Literary Analysis: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and    Forms of Enslavement2  Unfit for Children: Censorship and Race    FROM:    John H. Wallace, The Case Against Huck Finn, in    Satire or Evasion? Black Perspectives on Huckleberry    Finn (Durham: Duke University Press, 1992)    Julius Lester, Morality and Adventures of    Huckleberry Finn, in Satire or Evasion?    David L. Smith, Huck, Jim, and Racial Discourse, in    Satire or Evasion?    Kenney J. Williams, Mark Twain's Racial Ambiguity,    in Satire or Evasion?     Kenneth B. Noble, One Hateful Word (New York    Times, March 19, 1995)    William Raspberry, We Give This Slur Its Power    (Washington Post, April 11, 1995)3  Mark Twain's Mississippi Valley    FROM:    David E Dyer, Autobiography and Reminiscences (St.    Louis: William Harvey Miner Co., 1922)    Tom Horn, The Life of Tom Horn (Denver: Southern    Book Co., 1904)    James W. Evans and A. Wendell Keith, Autobiography    of Samuel S. Hildebrand (Jefferson City, Mo.: State    Times, 1870)    Harriet Martineau, Retrospect of Western Travel    (London: Saunders and Otley, 1838)    Frederick Gerstaecker, Wild Sports in the Far West    (Boston: Crosby, Nichols and Co., 1859)    George H. Devol, Forty Years a Gambler on the    Mississippi (New York: George H. Devol, 1892)4  Slavery, Its Legacy, and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn    FROM:    Thomas Roderick Dew, 'Abolition of Negro Slavery,    in The Pro-Slavery Argument (Philadelphia: Lippincott,    Grambo, and Co., 1853)    James Henry Hammond, Letter to an English    Abolitionist, in The Pro-Slavery Argument    W. G. Brownlow, Ought American Slavery to Be    Perpetuated? (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Co.,    1858)    Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick    Douglass (Boston: Boston Anti-Slavery Society, 1845)    Harriet A. Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl    (Boston: Published for the Author, 1861)    David P. Dyer, Autobiography and Reminiscences (St.    Louis: William Harvey Miner Co., 1922)    The Missouri Compromise of 1820    The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850    Ralph Waldo Emerson, The Fugitive Slave Law, in    The Complete Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson (New    York: William H. Wise and Co., 1875)    William Hosmer, The Higher Law (Auburn, Mass.:    Derby and Miller, 1852)    Stephen A. Douglas, Measures of Adjustment    (Chicago, October 23, 1850)    Orville Dewey, The Laws of Human Progress and    Modern Reforms (New York: C. S. Francis and Co.,    1852)    Harriet Jacobs, The Fugitive Slave Law, in Incidents    in the Life of a Slave Girl (Boston: Published for the    Author, 1861)    William Sloane Coffin, Jr., Civil Disobedience, the    Draft and the War (Christianity and Crisis, February    5, 1968)    George Washington Cable, The Freedman's Case in    Equity and the Convict Lease System, in The Silent    South (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1885)5  The Code of Honor    FROM:    Thomas Nelson Page, The Old South (New York:    Charles Scribner's Sons, 1892)    John Lyde Wilson, The Code of Honor (Charleston,    S.C.: James Phinney, 1858)    Mark Twain, Life on the Mississippi (New York:    Harper and Brothers, 1911)    Larry Watts, The Code of the Streets: An Interview    with a Former Gang Member (1995)    Elijah Anderson, The Code of the Streets (Atlantic    Monthly, May 1994)6  Cultural Satire: Shakespeare, Home Decor, Sentimental Verse    FROM:    George C.D. Odell, Annals of the New York Stage    (New York: Columbia University Press, 1931)    Parodies of the Works of English and American    Authors (London: Reeves and Turner, 1885)    J. R. Pugh, The Best Room (The Decorator and    Furnisher, October 1888)    Julia A. Moore, The Sentimental Song Book (New    York: Platt and Peck Co., 1879; rpt. 1912)    Max Adeler, Out of the Hurly-Burly (Philadelphia:    P. Garrett and Co., 1879)Index

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Literary Analysis：AdventuresofHuckleberry Finn andForms of Enslavement　　THE FLUID STRUCTURE　　Mark Twain’S Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn is．in the way it iSput together and in the various stories it tells．a(chǎn) repudiation oftraditional forms of plot structure．the rules and manners of gen．teel society，and the restraints civilization places upon the freespirit．In looking at the way the novel iS constructed．one can seethat Mark Twain has dispensed with a tightly constructed plot infavor of an episodic narrative that takes its form from nature．inthis case，the mighty Mississippi River flowing through the heart ofAmerica．A single，thoroughly American geographic feature notonly contributes to the novel’S endorsement of freedom and na．ture，it iS also a key to and a reflection of the book’S structure．Theaction of the noveI iS comprised of numerous episodes which areheld together，not by the usual kind of plot，but by the river itselfEpisodes occur on the river or close by the river，and there iSalways a return to the river．Because of its episodic nature．thenovel’S form can best be described as picaresque，meaning“anovel of the road，”in this case，a journey on the river．The unifyingelements in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn are the character ofHuck，who relates the story and is always in the middle of theaction。

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