內(nèi)科臨床病例分析

內(nèi)容概要

英文病例的書寫和英語查房是內(nèi)科學(xué)雙語教學(xué)中的一個重要組成部分，是培養(yǎng)當(dāng)今醫(yī)學(xué)生和醫(yī)師對外交流能力的途徑之一。針對目前我國七年制和八年制醫(yī)學(xué)生床旁學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)的需要，我們組織了復(fù)旦大學(xué)上海醫(yī)學(xué)院內(nèi)科系各臨床科室主任編寫這本臨床中英文對照的病例分析，作為醫(yī)學(xué)生臨床見習(xí)和實習(xí)時輔助材料及英語查房范例。我們根據(jù)內(nèi)科學(xué)各系統(tǒng)疾病設(shè)計編寫大綱，選擇病種編寫典型病例。在編寫時以癥狀為題，給予初診時的臨床資料，然后逐步深入，根據(jù)所給資料和臨床思路進(jìn)行診斷和鑒別診斷，再給予治療方案，最后給予點評，是以臨床問題為線索的床旁學(xué)習(xí)。同時用中英文對照形式書寫，使讀者在訓(xùn)練臨床思維過程的同時，了解英語病例書寫方式，熟悉英語專業(yè)詞匯及用法，如能配以朗讀可提高英語會話能力。本書也可作為臨床醫(yī)師及研究生的參考用書。使用本書時，可以循序漸進(jìn)，即對于英語基礎(chǔ)較差的醫(yī)師或尚無條件開展雙語教學(xué)的學(xué)校，可以先以中文病史訓(xùn)練臨床思維，然后對照中文閱讀英文。在此基礎(chǔ)上逐漸增加英文病史的朗讀并糾正發(fā)音，達(dá)到熟讀及會話，最終達(dá)到能針對自己的臨床病人、書寫英文病史進(jìn)行英文查房的目的。

書籍目錄

第一章　呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病Chapter One　Disorders of the Respiratory System　慢性阻塞性肺病--反復(fù)咳、痰、喘20余年　Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease（COPD）-repeated cough, sputum production and dyspnea for 20 years　支氣管哮喘--咳嗽、胸悶伴氣急　Bronchial Asthma-cough, chest tightness, dyspnea　支氣管擴(kuò)張癥--反復(fù)咳嗽、咯大量膿痰　Bronchiectasis-recurrent cough with large amount of purulent sputum　非典型病原體肺炎--干咳、咽痛、肌痛、發(fā)熱　Atypical Pneumonia-dry cough, sore throat, myalgia and fever　氣胸--胸痛，呼吸困難　Pneumothorax-chest pain, dyspnea　結(jié)核性胸膜炎--午后低熱、胸痛、活動后氣急　Tuberculous Pleurisy-low fever in the afternoon，chest pain，exertional dyspnea　肺間質(zhì)纖維化--氣急、干咳　Interstitial Lung Disease（ILD）-dyspnea, dry cough　肺癌--痰中帶血、肺部腫塊　Lung Cancer-hemosputum, mass in lung　急性呼吸窘迫綜合征（ARDS）--氣急、煩躁、痰中帶血3小時　Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome（ARDS）- shortness of breath, restlessness, cough with blood-streaked sputum for 3 hours第二章　心血管系統(tǒng)疾病Chapter Two　Disorders of the Cardiovascular System　心力衰竭--胸悶、氣急、雙下肢浮腫　Heart Failure-chest tightness, short of breath, edema of the lower limbs　高血壓--血壓升高，陣發(fā)性胸悶　Hypertension-elevated blood pressure, paroxysmal chest distress　心絞痛--反復(fù)下頜疼痛　Angina Pectoris-recurrent submaxillary pain　急性心肌梗死--暈厥伴胸悶　Acute Myocardial Infarction（AMI）-syncope and chest oppression　二尖瓣狹窄--反復(fù)發(fā)作胸悶和氣短　Mitral Stenosis-repeated attacks of chest distress and dyspnea　主動脈瓣關(guān)閉不全--活動后胸悶和氣急　Aortic Incompetence-exertional chest discomfort and dyspnea　病毒性心肌炎--發(fā)作性暈厥　Viral Myocarditis-Paroxysmal Syncope Attacks　感染性心內(nèi)膜炎--畏寒、發(fā)熱、夜間盜汗2個月　Infective Endocarditis-fever, rigor, night sweat for two months　擴(kuò)張型心肌病--活動后氣急　Dilated Cardiomyopathy （DCM）-exertional dyspnea第三章　消化系統(tǒng)疾病Chapter Three　Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System　出血糜爛性胃炎--上腹不適、嘔血、黑便　Erosive Hemorrhagic Gastritis-epigastric discomfort, hematemesis, melena　胃潰瘍伴出血--黑便、嘔血　Gastric Ulcer with Bleeding - melena, hematemesis　十二指腸球部潰瘍--反復(fù)中上腹痛，黑便　Duodenal Ulcer-recurrent epigastric pain with black tarry stool　克羅恩病--反復(fù)腹部絞痛伴體重減輕、關(guān)節(jié)疼痛　Crohn's Disease-intermittent abdominal cramps with weight loss and arthralgia　潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎--反復(fù)腹痛伴膿血便　Ulcerative Colitis-recurrent abdominal cramps and purulent bloody diarrhea　肝硬化腹水--乏力、納差、腹脹、少尿　Liver Cirrhosis and Ascites-fatigue，anorexia，abdominal swelling and oliguria　食道靜脈曲張破裂出血--嘔血、黑便、休克　Esophageal Variceal Rupture and Bleeding-hematemesis, melena, shock　肝性腦病--嗜睡和構(gòu)音困難　Hepatic Encephalopathy-lethargy and dysarthria　原發(fā)性肝癌--肝實質(zhì)性占位伴甲胎蛋白升高　Hepatocellular Carcinoma-solid lesion in the liver with elevated AFP　原發(fā)性肝汁性肝硬化--慢性肝功能異常　Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? chronic abnormal liver function　輕型急性胰腺炎--腹痛，嘔吐　Mild Acute Pancreatitis-abdominal pain, vomiting　重癥急性胰腺炎--中上腹持續(xù)性脹痛六小時　Severe Acute Pancreatitis-epigastric quadrant abdominal pain for six hours　不明原因的下消化道出血--黑便、進(jìn)行性乏力、頭昏　Obscure Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding-tarry stools, increasing fatigue and dizziness　藥物性肝病--干咳、盜汗6個月，皮膚黃染20天　Drug Induced Liver Disease（DILD）-Dry cough and night sweat for 6 months,jaundice for 20 days第四章　腎臟及泌尿系統(tǒng)疾病Chapter Four　Disorders of the Kidney And Urinary System　急進(jìn)性腎小球腎炎--咳嗽、發(fā)熱、進(jìn)行性血肌酐升高　Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis（RPGN）-cough,fever and progressive increase of serum 　creatinine　慢性腎小球腎炎--血尿　Chronic Glomerulonephritis-hematuria　IgA腎病--年輕男性、咳嗽、濃茶色尿　IgA Nephropathy-a young guy with cough and tea-colored urine　腎病綜合征--水腫、腹脹和蛋白尿　Nephrotic Syndrome-edema, abdominal distention and proteinuria　狼瘡性腎病--皮疹、蛋白尿、關(guān)節(jié)痛、貧血　Lupus nephritis-skin rashes, proteinuria, arthralgia and anemia　糖尿病腎病--高血糖、高血壓、微量白蛋白尿　Diabetic Nephropathy-hyperglycemia, hypertension, and microalbuminuria　慢性腎盂腎炎--尿頻、尿痛、低熱與背痛　Chronic Pyelonephritis-dysuria, frequency of micturition, low-grade fever and back pain　腎小管性酸中毒--低血鉀、進(jìn)行性口干、眼干　Renal Tubular Acidosis-hypokalemia, progressive dry mouth and dry eyes　急性腎衰--腹瀉、嘔吐、少尿　Acute Renal Failure-diarrhea, vomiting and oliguria　慢性腎衰--貧血，進(jìn)行性氣急　Chronic Renal Failure－anemia, progressive dyspnea　代謝性酸中毒--昏迷　Metabolic Acidosis-coma　低血鉀--乏力、虛弱、便秘、多尿　Hypokalaemia-fatigue, weakness, constipation, polyuria第五章　血液系統(tǒng)疾病Chapter Five　Disorders of the Hematology System　缺鐵性貧血--面色蒼白伴乏力　Iron Deficiency Anemia-pallor, fatigue　巨幼細(xì)胞性貧血--面色蒼白、牙齦出血　Megaloblastic Anemia-pallor with gums bleeding　急性非淋巴細(xì)胞性白血病--反復(fù)咽痛伴發(fā)熱　Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia（AML）-repeated pharyngodynia, fever　急性淋巴細(xì)胞性白血病--咽痛伴發(fā)熱　Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia（ALL）-pharyngodynia accompanied with fever　慢性粒細(xì)胞性白血病--中上腹不適1周伴血象異?！hronic Myelogenous Leukemia-epigastric discomfort for one week, abnormality of blood routine　淋巴瘤--頸部淋巴結(jié)無痛性進(jìn)行性增大伴發(fā)熱　Lymphoma-painless gradual enlargement of cervical lymph nodes with fever　特發(fā)性血小板減少性紫癜--月經(jīng)量增多、血小板減少　Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura （ITP）-menorrhagia , thrombocytopenia第六章　內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)疾病Chapter Six　Disorders of the Endocrinology System　糖尿病伴大血管病變--多尿、多飲、體重減輕伴陣發(fā)性胸痛　Diabetes Mellitus with Macrovascular Complications-polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss with intermittent chest pain　高血糖危象--頭暈、乏力、多飲、多尿、意識模糊　Hyperglycemic Crises-dizziness,weakness,polyuria,polydipsia,lethargy　蜜月期的1型糖尿病--多飲，多尿和體重下降　A Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in the Honeymoon Phase-polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss　甲狀腺亢進(jìn)癥--納亢、怕熱、心悸、消瘦　Hyperthyroidism-increased appetite, heat intolerance, palpitation, weight loss　亞臨床甲狀腺功能減退--乏力，皮膚干燥，便秘　Subclinical Hypothyroidism-malaise, dry skin, constipation　亞急性甲狀腺炎--低熱，頸前疼痛　Subacute Tyroiditis-low fever，anterior neck pain　原發(fā)性醛固酮增多癥--四肢無力，血壓正?！rimary Hyperaldosteronism-myasthenia of limbs with normal blood pressure第七章　風(fēng)濕系統(tǒng)疾病Chapter Seven　Disorders of the Rheumatology System　類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎--多關(guān)節(jié)痛　Rheumatic Arthritis-polyarthralgias　系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡--發(fā)熱、關(guān)節(jié)痛、面部皮疹　Systemic lupus erythematosus（SLE）-Fever, arthralgia, facial rash第八章　急診醫(yī)學(xué)Chapter Eight　Emergency Medicine　休克　Shock　中暑--肌痙攣、無力、高熱、神志不清　Heat illness-muscle cramping, fatigue, hyperthermia, unconsciousness索引Index

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　　《內(nèi)科臨床病例分析：雙語學(xué)習(xí)》也可作為臨床醫(yī)師及研究生的參考用書。使用《內(nèi)科臨床病例分析：雙語學(xué)習(xí)》時，可以循序漸進(jìn)，即對于英語基礎(chǔ)較差的醫(yī)師或尚無條件開展雙語教學(xué)的學(xué)校，可以先以中文病史訓(xùn)練臨床思維，然后對照中文閱讀英文。在此基礎(chǔ)上逐漸增加英文病史的朗讀并糾正發(fā)音，達(dá)到熟讀及會話，最終達(dá)到能針對自己的臨床病人、書寫英文病史進(jìn)行英文查房的目的。

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