道路工程專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)

前言

　　針對(duì)高職高專(zhuān)教材建設(shè)與發(fā)展問(wèn)題，教育部在《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)高職高專(zhuān)教材建設(shè)的若干意見(jiàn)》中明確指出：先用2至3年時(shí)間，解決好高職高專(zhuān)教材的有無(wú)問(wèn)題。再用2至3年時(shí)間，推出一批特色鮮明的高質(zhì)量的高職高專(zhuān)教育教材，形成一綱多本、優(yōu)化配套的高職高專(zhuān)教育教材體系?！　?001年7月，由人民交通出版社發(fā)起組織，15所交通高職院校的路橋系主任和骨干教師相聚昆明，研討交通土建高職高專(zhuān)教材的建設(shè)規(guī)劃，提出了28種高職高專(zhuān)教材的編寫(xiě)與出版計(jì)劃。后在交通部科教司路橋工程學(xué)科委員會(huì)的具體指導(dǎo)下，在人民交通出版社精心安排、精心組織下，于2002年7月前完成了28種路橋?qū)I(yè)高職高專(zhuān)教材出版工作?！　∵@套教材的出版發(fā)行，首先解決了交通高職教育教材的有無(wú)問(wèn)題，有力支持了路橋?qū)I(yè)高職教育的順利發(fā)展，也受到了全國(guó)各高職院校的普遍歡迎?！　‰S著高職教育教學(xué)改革的深入發(fā)展、高職教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的豐富與積累，以及本行業(yè)有關(guān)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)范的更新，本套教材在使用了2至3輪的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)教材適時(shí)進(jìn)行修訂是十分必要的，時(shí)機(jī)也是成熟的?！　?004年8月，人民交通出版社在新疆烏魯木齊召開(kāi)了有19所交通高職院校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、系主任、骨干教師共41人參加的教材修訂研討會(huì)。會(huì)議商定了本套教材修訂的基本原則、方法和具體要求。會(huì)議決定本套教材更名為“交通土建高職高專(zhuān)統(tǒng)編教材”，并成立了以吉林交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院張洪濱為主任委員的“交通土建高職高專(zhuān)統(tǒng)編教材編審委員會(huì)”，全面負(fù)責(zé)本套教材的修訂與后續(xù)補(bǔ)充教材的建設(shè)工作?！　?005年6月，編委會(huì)在長(zhǎng)春召開(kāi)了同屬交通土建大類(lèi)、與路橋?qū)I(yè)鏈接緊密的“工程監(jiān)理專(zhuān)業(yè)、工程造價(jià)專(zhuān)業(yè)、高等級(jí)公路維護(hù)與管理專(zhuān)業(yè)”主干課程教材研討會(huì)，正式規(guī)劃和啟動(dòng)了這三個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)教材的編寫(xiě)出版工作?！　?005年12月，教育部高等教育司發(fā)布了“關(guān)于申報(bào)普通高等教育‘十一五’國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材”選題的通知（教高司函[2005]195號(hào)），人民交通出版社積極推薦本套教材參加了“十一五”國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材選題的評(píng)選?！　?006年6月，經(jīng)教育部組織專(zhuān)家評(píng)選、網(wǎng)上公示，本套教材中有十五種入選為“十一五”國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材，2008年1月，又有六種教材在“十一五”國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材補(bǔ)報(bào)中列選，共計(jì)21種，標(biāo)志著廣大參與本套教材編寫(xiě)的教師的辛勤勞動(dòng)得到了社會(huì)的認(rèn)可、本套教材的編寫(xiě)質(zhì)量得到了社會(huì)的認(rèn)同。

內(nèi)容概要

本書(shū)為普通高等教育“十一五”國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材，全國(guó)交通土建高職高專(zhuān)規(guī)劃教材。內(nèi)容分五大部分：第1部分為精選課文，共16篇，涉及了專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、道路專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)、橋隧專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，土木工程合同、計(jì)算機(jī)、養(yǎng)護(hù)等相關(guān)知識(shí)；第Ⅱ部分為在建和已建丁程項(xiàng)目，主要介紹了大不列顛哥倫比亞?。˙ritish Columbia，加拿大第三大?。?條公路與橋梁的修建情況；第Ⅲ部分為交通控制設(shè)施，主要介紹了交通工程中的常見(jiàn)道路標(biāo)線、交通標(biāo)志等；第Ⅳ部分為招投標(biāo)及合同協(xié)議，介紹了一個(gè)施工招投標(biāo)范本文件和一個(gè)養(yǎng)護(hù)合同范本協(xié)議書(shū)；第Ⅴ部分為全書(shū)精選課文的生同、短語(yǔ)匯總表及常用的路橋工程專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)匯編，第Ⅱ部分所選課文，內(nèi)容基本涵蓋了道路與橋梁施工、管理和材料等各方面內(nèi)容，每篇課文后附有一定量的習(xí)題；第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ部分所選題材，均來(lái)自于國(guó)外最新工程項(xiàng)目、技術(shù)成果或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指南等。    本書(shū)適合于高等職業(yè)技術(shù)教育路橋、檢測(cè)、監(jiān)理、養(yǎng)護(hù)和管理及其他土建類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)教材，也可供交通中等職業(yè)教育土建類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)師生及各類(lèi)干部培訓(xùn)學(xué)習(xí)，以及有關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人員進(jìn)一步提高專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)閱讀、翻譯水平所用。

書(shū)籍目錄

Section-Ⅰ  Texts  Text 1  Civil Engineering  Text 2  Location Surveys in Rural Areas  Text 3  Electronic Total Station  Text 4  Theory and Method of Structural Design  Text 5  Types of Asphalt and its Uses  Text 6   Alignment Design  Text 7  Highway Subgrade  Text 8  Earth Walls  Text 9  Construction of Stabilization  Text 10  Asphalt Pavement Maintenance  Text 11  Bridge Engineering  Text 12  Piers and Abutments  Text 13  Reinforced Concrete Sridge  Text 14  How Tunnels Are Built  Text 15  Civil Engineering Contracts  Text 16  Use of Computers in Civil EngineeringSection-Ⅱ  Projects  Unit 1  The Sea-to-Sky Highway Improvement Project  Uuit 2  Kicking Horse Canyon Project  Unit 3  Border Infrastructure Program  Unit 4  William R. Bennett SridgeSection-Ⅲ  Markings  Part 1  General  Part 2  Pavement and Curb Markings  Part 3  Object Markers  Part 4  Traffic and Parking Control SignsSection-Ⅳ  Bidding Document and Contract Agreement  Bidding Document  Labor-based Routine Maintenance Contract AgreementSection-Ⅴ  Appendix and ReferencesAppendix Ⅰ  Vocabulary for TextsAppendix Ⅱ  路橋工程專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)匯編參考教學(xué)大綱References

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Traditionally, rural highway location practice has been field oriented, that is, the bulk of thelocation partys time and effort went to measurement and observation　" on the ground. "Reconnaissance of the area was the first step; the locator, using available topographic maps andsometimes an airplane, explored the area. The aim was to search out feasible routes and determinesuch primary control points as mountain passes or suitable river crossings and to locate majorobstacles such as steep slopes. Reconnaissance of feasible routes came second; each of these wascovered on foot and rough measures of relative length, difficulty, and cost were taken. Where rate ofclimb was critical, slopes were measured with an Abney hand level or some comparable instrument.Often the locator "flagged" out the line as he went to establish control points for more detailedsurveys that might follow. The third step was for the survey party to run in the preliminary or P line,or, where necessary, two or more alternate lines. Distances and angles commonly were measured bytransit and taping methods; a profile was taken by differential leveling. Topographic features andcontours often were "hung onto" the P line. In the office, after the P line data plotted, the engineerlaid out the final location or alternate locations by studying the maps and profiles. Finally this L linewas staked on the ground and profiles, cross sections, and drainage were taken for it.　　Modern location practice is usually based on photogrammetric techniques.　The parallel totraditional methods as outlined above is striking; each contains the succeeding steps of area androute reconnaissance, preliminary-line survey, and final location. The difference is that the newmethod is "office" oriented. Field work before the final location is ready for staking is primarilydevoted to the aerial survey and ground control for it, to checking out obscure or incomplete data onthe photographs or maps, and to soil surveys and subsurface exploration.　　Most highway surveys are tied into the state plain coordinate systems developed by the NationalGeodetic Survey as an adjunct to its nationwide triangulation network.　These master coordinatesystems provide a firm base and a check not only for ground control surveys, but also forconventional surveys for alignment and grade and for property description.

編輯推薦

　　《道路工程專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)(第2版)》是在原2002年出版的交通高等職業(yè)技術(shù)教育教材《道路工程專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)》的基礎(chǔ)上，按照教育部國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材的基本要求，進(jìn)行了大幅刪減、改編，由解決有無(wú)向本教材共分五大部分，Section-Ⅰ共16篇課文，是基于原教材內(nèi)容進(jìn)行的重新整合。Section-Ⅰ重在基本知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)、基本詞匯掌握，涉及了專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、道路專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)、橋隧專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，土木工程合同、計(jì)算機(jī)、養(yǎng)護(hù)等相關(guān)知識(shí)；Section-Ⅱ、Section-IIⅡ、Section-Ⅳ是本次修訂增加的內(nèi)容。Section-Ⅱ主要介紹了大不列顛哥倫比亞省4條公路與橋梁的修建情況，Section-Ⅱ既是Section-Ⅰ知識(shí)的運(yùn)用，又是Section-Ⅰ一些重點(diǎn)詞匯的加強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)；Section-Ⅲ主要介紹了交通工程中的常見(jiàn)道路標(biāo)線、交通標(biāo)志等；Section-Ⅳ介紹了一個(gè)招投標(biāo)范本文件和一個(gè)合同協(xié)議文件；Section-Ⅴ由附錄Ⅰ、附錄Ⅱ和參考文獻(xiàn)組成。附錄Ⅰ是課文中的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯、術(shù)語(yǔ)匯總，附錄Ⅱ?qū)υ滩闹械穆窐蚬こ虒?zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)匯編內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了適度的修正。

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