給水排水工程與環(huán)境工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

前言

　　編者在從事20多年專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)之上，編寫出了此本《給水排水工程與環(huán)境工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》。編寫本書旨在提高給水排水工程與環(huán)境工程專業(yè)和相關(guān)專業(yè)人員的專業(yè)英語(yǔ)水平，使在校大學(xué)生和專業(yè)工程技術(shù)人員的專業(yè)英語(yǔ)水平能夠達(dá)到國(guó)家教育部頒布的《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)專業(yè)閱讀階段教學(xué)基本要求》，適應(yīng)國(guó)際化的新形勢(shì)。本書分為5部分內(nèi)容：概述、給水與廢水收集系統(tǒng)、水處理、廢水處理和環(huán)境管理。本書特點(diǎn)之一是語(yǔ)言的文體廣泛，難易程度循序漸進(jìn)。所收入的文章選材較廣，不僅包括英文教科書，還包括英文期刊及專著。在保持規(guī)范的現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)的前提下，結(jié)合大學(xué)生實(shí)際掌握英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的水平，同時(shí)考慮到使本書更具系統(tǒng)性，對(duì)所收入的每篇文章的原文均進(jìn)行了必要的加工和刪改。特點(diǎn)之二是兼顧專業(yè)性與學(xué)術(shù)性。編撰過(guò)程中，在緊密結(jié)合專業(yè)的同時(shí)，每部分的內(nèi)容安排上均注重吸收專業(yè)的新理論，體現(xiàn)新技術(shù)。學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)后不但能掌握專業(yè)英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)詞匯和最新詞匯，而且能了解本專業(yè)發(fā)展的新信息，促進(jìn)專業(yè)課的學(xué)習(xí)。本書的特點(diǎn)之三是突出對(duì)閱讀和翻譯能力的培養(yǎng)。全書共分為20個(gè)單元，每單元一篇課文，兩篇閱讀材料，并附有難點(diǎn)注釋、詞匯表、練習(xí)題，課文配有譯文，以求達(dá)到通過(guò)閱讀去獲取國(guó)外的與本專業(yè)有關(guān)的科技信息的教學(xué)目的?！　”緯缮蜿?yáng)建筑大學(xué)楊維教授主編，沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)李家坤、沈陽(yáng)大學(xué)吳昊分別編寫了部分課文、閱讀材料、習(xí)題、譯文和附錄，河北工程大學(xué)藍(lán)梅、河南城建學(xué)院毛艷麗也為本書提供了一些資料。全書由楊維教授統(tǒng)稿。本書在編選過(guò)程中，得到北京工業(yè)大學(xué)周玉文教授的悉心指導(dǎo)和審閱，在此一并表示衷心的感謝！敬請(qǐng)讀者對(duì)本教材存在的缺點(diǎn)和錯(cuò)誤提出批評(píng)與指正。

內(nèi)容概要

本書共有5部分內(nèi)容：概述、給水與廢水收集系統(tǒng)、水處理、廢水處理和環(huán)境管理。每部分為4個(gè)單元，每單元一篇課文，兩篇閱讀材料，并附有難點(diǎn)注釋、詞匯表和練習(xí)題。附錄包括詞匯匯總表、課文譯文和科技英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)等。本書既注重學(xué)生專業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，又考慮拓寬相關(guān)專業(yè)知識(shí)面，能使讀者在較短時(shí)期內(nèi)掌握給水排水工程與環(huán)境工程專業(yè)常用詞匯。本書特點(diǎn)之一是語(yǔ)言的文體廣泛，難易程度循序漸進(jìn)；特點(diǎn)之二是兼顧專業(yè)性與學(xué)術(shù)性；特點(diǎn)之三是突出對(duì)閱讀和翻譯能力的培養(yǎng)。    本書可以作為給水排水工程與環(huán)境工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教材，亦可作為與之相關(guān)專業(yè)的工作者、教師和工程技術(shù)人員自學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)的讀本。    本書配有電子課件，免費(fèi)提供給選用本教材的授課教，師。課件索取方式參見書末“信息反饋表”。

書籍目錄

前言Part One  Introduction　Unit 1　Introduction of Water Supply　　Reading Material A  Environmental/Sanitary Engineering　　Reading Material B  Hydrological Cycle　Unit 2  Water Sources　　Reading Material A  Surface Water　　Reading Material B  Groundwater Recharge　Unit 3  The Property of Water　　Reading Material A  Analytical Methods of Water Quality　　Reading Material B  Water -- Universal Solvent　Unit 4  Laws Pertaining to Water and Environment  　　Reading Material A  New Horizons in Federal Regulation　　Reading Material B  A Conceptual Approach versus the SWTRPart Two  Water-supply and Collection Systems　Unit 5  Water-supply System　　Reading Material A  Distribution Systems　　Reading Material B  Distribution Reservoirs and Service Storage　Unit 6  Pumps　　Reading Material A  Grinder Pump Sewer System　　Reading Material B  Open Channel Flow　Unit 7  Plumbing　　Reading Material A  Drainage, Sewerage and Sewage　　Reading Material B  Treatment Plant Design　Unit 8  Wastewater Collection and Sewer Design　　Reading Material A  Storm Drainage System　　Reading Material B  Sanitary Sewer SystemPart Three  Water Treatment　Unit 9  Water Treatment Processes　　Reading Material A  Ion Exchange for Nitrate Removal　　Reading Material B  Removal of Geosmin and Methylisoborneol from Drinking Water by Adsorption on Uhrastable Zeolite-Y　Unit 10  Sedimentation　　Reading Material A  Coagulation and Flocculation　　Reading Material B  Colloidal Dispersions　Unit 11  Filtration　　Reading Material A  Filter Components　　Reading Material B  Polishing Filtration with Ceramic Membranes　Unit 12  Disinfection of Drinking Water　　Reading Material A  Solar Collectors for Disinfection of Contaminated Water　　Reading Material B  AerationPart Four  Wastewater Treatment　Unit 13  Wastewater Treatment Methods　　Reading Material A  Terminology in Wastewater Treatment　　Reading Material B  Grit Chambers in Wastewater Treatment　Unit 14  Activated Sludge Processes　　Reading Material A  Sludge Treatment and Disposal　　Reading Material B  Sequencing Batch Reactor Process　Unit 15　Carbon Adsorption　　Reading Material A  Trickling Filters　　Reading Material B  Anaerobic Biological Treatment　Unit 16  Wastewater Reuse　　Reading Material A  Nutrient Removal　　Reading Material B  Reverse OsmosisPart Five  Environmental Management　Unit 17  Air Pollution & Control Technology　……Appendix

章節(jié)摘錄

　　In addition to transporting water over long distances, modern water-supply systems also use several techniques for purification. One of them is filtration. The water is passed through a filter that consists of a bed of sand or gravel, which removes a large proportion of the solids that might otherwise contaminate the supply. Another process is aeration. Sprays of water are shot into the air, where sunlight and oxygen help kill bacteria and also remove gases with an unpleasant odor or taste; or air is bubbled into or through the water. A third method involves treatment with chemicals, usually chlorine, to kill harmful bacteria. The process is known as chlorination.Part of providing a safe water supply is disposing of liquid and solid wastes. This problem has become acute in recent years not only because of world-wide population growth, but also because of the vast amount of waste created by industrial processes and by the great mountains of trash that are the by-product of increased consumption. A large number of modern drainage systems use the same sewers to dispose of domestic wastes and runoff water from storms. Many of these systems were designed to empty into streams or other bodies of water where nature itself purified the water over a period of time. Now, however, the amount of waste has become so great that many streams and lakes and even the seas have become polluted. More and more treatment plants are being built to purify water before it is released back into the environment. Therefore, the modern trend is to build separate drainage systems for storm runoff and domestic wastes so that the treatment plants do not have to process the runoff water, which is relatively unpolluted.There are a number of different methods by which solid wastes can be removed or rendered harmless. Several of them are ordinarily used in combination in treatment plants. One of the processes is filtration. Another is sedimentation, in which wastes are allowed to settle until they become solid or semisolid and can be removed. There are also techniques in which water can be treated by biological means, by using some kinds of bacteria to kill other kinds, or by chemical means, as in chlorination. One of the most successful methods is called the activated.　　……

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