計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語

前言

　　隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的日益普及，能熟練地閱讀計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)文獻(xiàn)、資料已成為廣大計(jì)算機(jī)從業(yè)人員的必備素質(zhì)?！　”緯帉懙哪俊闹荚谧尭呗毟邔W(xué)生掌握計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語的基本詞匯及術(shù)語，進(jìn)而提高計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語的閱讀能力，使之具備以英語為工具獲取計(jì)算機(jī)知識的能力?！　”緯〔膹V泛，內(nèi)容安排合理。全書共分7章，涉及計(jì)算機(jī)基礎(chǔ)知識、計(jì)算機(jī)的硬件組成、計(jì)算機(jī)軟件及應(yīng)用、程序設(shè)計(jì)語言、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)維護(hù)以及計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和病毒防治等，學(xué)生完全可以根據(jù)所掌握的專業(yè)知識和英語詞匯準(zhǔn)確地理解課文內(nèi)容。每章之后還精心組織了習(xí)題，內(nèi)容既與課文相呼應(yīng)，又?jǐn)U大了學(xué)生的知識面。為更好拓展學(xué)生的能力，各章還配備了與課文內(nèi)容相關(guān)聯(lián)的閱讀材料，有助于進(jìn)一步提高學(xué)生的閱讀能力和擴(kuò)展相關(guān)知識?！　”緯缮虾ｋ娮有畔⒙殬I(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院林燕擔(dān)任主編，黑龍江工程學(xué)院劉曉紅擔(dān)任副主編，湖南鐵道職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院劉幗暉、鄭州電力高等?？茖W(xué)校余寧參編。其中，林燕編寫了第1、2、5章及第7章的7．1～7．3、7．5節(jié)，劉曉紅編寫了第4章及第6章的6．1～6．4節(jié)，劉幗暉編寫了第6章的6．5節(jié)及第7章的7．4節(jié)，余寧編寫了第3章，林燕對全書作了統(tǒng)稿工作?！　∮捎跁r(shí)間倉促且作者水平有限，書中難免有疏漏、不足之處，敬請廣大讀者不吝賜教。

內(nèi)容概要

本書共分7章，分別介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)基礎(chǔ)知識、計(jì)算機(jī)的硬件組成、計(jì)算機(jī)軟件及應(yīng)用、程序設(shè)計(jì)語言、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)維護(hù)以及計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和病毒防治等方面的專業(yè)英語知識。選材新穎，實(shí)用性強(qiáng)，精編了介紹計(jì)算機(jī)最新技術(shù)及應(yīng)用的閱讀文章，以提高讀者計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語閱讀水平。同時(shí)，各章后都附有新單詞及短語、習(xí)題和閱讀材料，幫助讀者鞏固所學(xué)知識，拓展知識面。    本書適合作為高職高專院校計(jì)算機(jī)及相關(guān)專業(yè)的“計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語”課程教材，也可以供計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)技術(shù)人員學(xué)習(xí)和參考。    為方便教學(xué)，本書配備電子課件等教學(xué)資源。凡選用本書作為教材的教師均可登錄機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社教材服務(wù)網(wǎng)WWW．cmpehu．COB免費(fèi)下載。如有問題請致信cmpgaozhi@sina．corn或致電010—88379375聯(lián)系營銷人員。

書籍目錄

前言Chapter 1  Fundamental Knowledge in Computer　1.1　History of Computer Development　1.2  Computer Architecture　1.3　Main Technical Indexes for Computer  　1.4  Main Applications of the Computer　1.5  Trends of Computer Development　Reading Material  Introduction of ScannersChapter 2  Foundations of Computer Hardware　2.1　Types of Computer　2.2  Introduction of Microcomputer　2.3　System Unit and Peripheral Devices　2.4  Computer Components　Reading Material  Introduction of the Laptop ComputerChapter 3  Software and Its Applications　3.1　What are the Application Software and the System Software?　3.2  Application Software　3.3  System Software　Reading Material  Introduction of the Image Editing Software--Photoshop CSChapter 4  Programming Language　4.1　Programming Language Overview　4.2  Visual Basic 6.0　4.3  C Language　4.4  Java　Reading Material  DBMS IntroductionChapter 5  Computer Network　5.1　Networks and Their Components　5.2  Local Area Network (LAN)　5.3　Internet and Its Applications　Reading Material  The Use of the IP AddressChapter 6  Computer System Maintenance　6.1　Turn-on and Shut-off　6.2  CMOS Setup　6.3　Familiar Screen Information　6.4  Basic Methods of Network Testing　6.5　Network Test Tools　Reading Material  Introduction of Basic System MaintenanceChapter 7  Computer Network Safety and Virus Prevention  7.1　General Introduction of the Network Safety  7.2  Data Encryption  7.3  Firewall  7.4  Intrusion Detection  7.5　Computer Virus Prevention　Reading Material  The Harmfulness of the Malicious Software and Its Prevention參考文獻(xiàn)

章節(jié)摘錄

　　In 1946, the world s first electronic computer, ENIAC （short for Electronic Numerical Inte- grator and Computer） , was made in the University of Pennsylvania. ENIAC contained more than 17,000 vacuum tubes and many other components. It was huge in size, but very simple in func- tions compared with todays computers. Its occurrence, however, signified a milestone with deep and persistent influence on human life and society in the future.　　The computer development, from the birth of the first electronic computer till present, can be approximately divided into 4 stages in accordance with the major components used in the comput-er.　?。?1 ） Vacuum tube computers　　from 1946 when the first computer was successfully made to late 1950s.　　The vacuum tube was the key feature of the computers in this period. Machine language or assembly language was used for programming computers, with operation speed from about a few thousand instructions per second to tens of thousands per second.　?。?） Transistor computers　　from middle 1950s to late 1960s.　　The computers in this period used transistors as the major components, with smaller size and lower power consumption, but higher speed and reliability. The magnetic core was popularly used as the main memory while floppy disks and magnetic tapes were used as external storage media. High-level languages, such as COBOL, ALGOL, etc. , were utilized as the programming langua- ges. Operating systems emerged from the software.　?。?） Integrated circuit computers-from middle 1960s to early 1970s.　　The computers in this period used integrated circuits as the fundamental components. Its size was reduced ; while its power consumption and price were further lowered, and its speed and relia- bility were greatly raised. Semiconductor memory replaced magnetic core memory. Operating sys- tems were improved continually.

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