出版時間:1970-1 出版社:機械工業(yè)出版社 作者:戴俊,等 編 頁數(shù):370
前言
專業(yè)英語是大學(xué)英語教學(xué)的一個重要部分,是必修課程。根據(jù)教育部大學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱的規(guī)定和近年來對大學(xué)生專業(yè)英語閱讀的新要求,結(jié)合編者多年來的教學(xué)實踐,在參考現(xiàn)有土木工程專業(yè)英語教材的基礎(chǔ)上,編寫了本教材?! ”緯蕴岣咄聊竟こ虒I(yè)學(xué)生的專業(yè)英語閱讀能力為出發(fā)點,介紹了專業(yè)英語的閱讀技巧和翻譯方法,通過課文材料的閱讀,可擴展學(xué)生的專業(yè)知識視野。本書的特點是: ·選材內(nèi)容新穎。課文材料多來自較新的專業(yè)雜志和網(wǎng)絡(luò)文章,較好地介紹了當(dāng)今土木工程領(lǐng)域相關(guān)的新技術(shù)和新成果?! みx材內(nèi)容涉及面廣。課文選材涉及土木工程總論,工程結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與施工,巖土與基礎(chǔ)工程,道路、橋梁與隧道工程,土木工程防災(zāi)與減災(zāi),建筑材料及計算機在土木工程中的應(yīng)用等,有助于學(xué)生全面了解土木工程專業(yè)?! ふn文編排重點突出。每單元課文內(nèi)容分重點講解和一般閱讀兩部分,前面部分為重點講解內(nèi)容,后面部分可供有潛力的學(xué)生閱讀。 ·教材適應(yīng)性廣。教材課文難度、深淺不等,可以適用于不同英語水平的學(xué)生,滿足不同的教學(xué)目的和要求?! 娬{(diào)學(xué)生能力的培養(yǎng)。使用本書不僅可以獲得更廣泛的土木工程專業(yè)知識,而且可以了解專業(yè)英語閱讀的特點、專業(yè)英語正確的閱讀技巧和翻譯方法,從而提高專業(yè)英語的閱讀和翻譯水平?! みm應(yīng)專業(yè)英語教學(xué)的新要求。近年來,各高校對學(xué)生的英語水平提出了新的要求,要求學(xué)生在完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)的同時,還必須完成一定篇幅的文章的英漢翻譯,并要求寫出畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)的英文摘要。本書充分考慮了這一點,設(shè)計了相應(yīng)的練習(xí)和知識講解。 本書由西安科技大學(xué)戴俊教授和河南工業(yè)大學(xué)劉存中副教授主編。編寫分工為:戴俊編寫第1、2、8-11、14、15、36單元,劉存中編寫第3-7、22、25單元,北京建工學(xué)院董軍編寫第12、13、29-31單元,河南理工大學(xué)梁為民、王新生編寫16-19單元,河南工業(yè)大學(xué)劉起霞編寫第23、24、32、33單元,河南工業(yè)大學(xué)李作正編寫第20、21單元,西安科技大學(xué)熊光紅編寫第26-28單元,西安科技大學(xué)奚家米編寫第34、35單元。每單元后面的補充知識均由戴俊編寫。 西安建筑科技大學(xué)薛建陽教授對本書進行了全面審閱,就內(nèi)容的取舍和編排提出了許多寶貴的意見,對有關(guān)術(shù)語進行了核對,為本書增色不少,在此深表感謝?! ∮捎跁r間倉促,加之編者水平有限,書中不當(dāng)、錯漏之處在所難免,懇請讀者批評指正。
內(nèi)容概要
全書由36個單元組成,每單元內(nèi)容包括課文精講、翻譯練習(xí)、材料泛讀和專業(yè)英語知識介紹?!?1世紀(jì)高等教育土木工程系列規(guī)劃教材·土木工程專業(yè)英語》所選閱讀材料涵蓋土木工程總論、結(jié)構(gòu)工程、巖土工程、道路與橋梁工程、隧道與地下工程、土木工程施工管理及計算機在土木工程中的應(yīng)用等方面,閱讀材料內(nèi)容新穎.太都是相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的新知識瓤新成果介紹。書中介紹的內(nèi)容涉及專業(yè)英語的教學(xué)、語法特點、閱讀方法及翻譯方法與技巧等,對學(xué)生專業(yè)英語閱讀和翻譯能力的提高很有幫助。 《21世紀(jì)高等教育土木工程系列規(guī)劃教材·土木工程專業(yè)英語》可作為土木工程本科生專業(yè)英語課程的教材,也可作為土木工程研究生專業(yè)英語閱讀的參考用書,同時還可供土木工程及相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的高校教師和工程技術(shù)人員閱讀參考。
書籍目錄
序前言Unit 1Text Iniroduetion of Civil EngineeringReading Material(1)Structural Engineering(2)Geoteehnieal EngineeringSupplement專業(yè)英語的教與學(xué)Unit 2Text Civil EngineersReading Material(1)Being a Civil Engineer(2)Need of Civil Engineers for Adequate Field Experience Supplement專業(yè)英語的概念Unit 3Text Multi-Story Buildings DesignReading Material Multi-Story Building StructureSupplement專業(yè)英語的文體特點Unit 4Text Framing SystemsReading Material Strength,Stiffness,and DriftSupplement專業(yè)英語的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(1)Unit 5Text What Happens to Structure When the Ground M0ves?Reading Material Seismic ConsiderationsSupplement專業(yè)英語的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(2)Unit 6Text Dynamic Analysis on StructuresReading Martial Undamped SystemSupplement專業(yè)英語的常用句型Unit 7Text The SkyscrapersReading Material Hish—Rise BuildingsSupplement專業(yè)英語的詞匯特點Unit 8Text Tunneling in RockReading Material Ground Support with Sprayed ConcreteSupplement專業(yè)英語中的構(gòu)詞法(1)Unit 9Text NATM in Soft GroundReading Material NATM—New Austrian Tunnelling MethodSupplement專業(yè)英語中的構(gòu)詞法(2)Unit 10Text Immersed TunnelsReading Material Water-Tightness of the Immersed TunnelSupplement專業(yè)英語中的構(gòu)詞法(3)Unit 11Text Shield Tunneling MethodReading Material Tunnelling Projects in SingaporeSupplement專業(yè)英語中常見數(shù)學(xué)運算符號的讀法與應(yīng)用Unit 12Text Bridge Factors Acting ON a BridgeReading Material(1)Arch Bridge(2)Large Span BridgesSupplement專業(yè)英語中常見數(shù)學(xué)表達式的讀法Unit 13Text Concrete Beam BridgeReading Material(1)The Bridges ofTomorrow:A Choice before US(2)Traffic EngineeringSupplement專業(yè)英語中被動語態(tài)的使用Unit14 Text Compression Tests of RocksReading Material(1)Tensile Strength of Rock(2)Shear TestsSupplement專業(yè)英語閱讀的基本要素與方法Unitl5Text Stresses in SoilsReading Material(1) Soil Mechanics (2)Soil SamplingSupplement專業(yè)英語閱讀的要點與難點Unit 16Text FoundationsReading Material Shallow Foundations and Deep FoundationsSupplement精讀與評讀Unit 17Text Soil Properties for Static Pile CapacityReading Material Bearing Capacity from Field Load TestsSupplement初審讀Unit 18Text PilesReading Material Soil—Pile InteractionSupplement書的審讀Unit 19Text Bearing Capacity of Shallow FoundationsReading Material Methods of Improving Site Soils for Foundation UseSupplement書中章節(jié)的審讀Unit 20Text Earthquakes and Earthquake—Resistant StructuresReading Material A New Kind of EarthquakeResistant BuildingSupplement瀏覽文中的要點Unit 21Text Fire Engineering Design of Steel and Composite BuildingsReading Material Effect of High Temperature or Fire on Heavy Weight Concrete PropertiesSupplement猜詞Unit 22Text Construction Engineering(I)Reading Material Construction Engineering(Ⅱ)Supplement快速閱讀的技巧要點Unit 23Text The fundamental assumptions of Reinforced ConcreteReading Material Concrete—Sustained CompressionSupplement專業(yè)英語的翻譯原則和要求Unit 24Text Durability of ConcreteReading Material Reinforcing Steels for ConcreteSupplement翻譯中詞義的處理Unit 25Text Introduction to Finite Element Method(I)Reading Material Introduction to Finite Strip MethodSupplement專業(yè)術(shù)語的基本譯法Unit 26Text Introduction of Finite Element Method(Ⅱ) Readng Material A New Model for Nonlinear Dynamic AnalysisSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中詞類的轉(zhuǎn)變Unit27Text Computer-Aided Materials Selection during Structural DesignReading Material Introduction to the Book-Modern Structure AnalysisSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中句子成分的轉(zhuǎn)變Unit 28Text Computer-Aided Design and DraftReading Material(1)CADD Program(2)Computer Application in ConstructionSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中詞序的轉(zhuǎn)變Unit29Text Highway Safety DesignReading Material Highway Cross SectionSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中詞的省略.Unit 30Text PavementReading Material Rigid PavementsSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中詞的重復(fù)Unit31Text Pavement DesignReading Material Pavement FoundationSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中詞的增譯Unit 32Text Building Configuration:Size and ShapeReading Material Safety of StructureSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中被動句的翻譯Unit33Text Quality Control and Quality AssuranceReading Material Seheduliag and Control of ConstructionSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中否定句的譯法Unit 34Text RoadsReading Material AirportsSupplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中強調(diào)句的譯法Unit 35Text Construction and Building Inspectors(I)Reading Material Construction and Building Inspectors(II)Supplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中復(fù)合句的譯法(I)Unit 36Text Discussion on the Future of Civil Engineering(I) Reading Material Discussion on the Future of Civil Engineering(H)Supplement專業(yè)英語翻譯中復(fù)合句的譯法(II)詞匯表
章節(jié)摘錄
Reading Material Effect of High Temperature or Fire on Heavy Weight Concrete Properties Temperature plays an important role in the use of concrete for shielding nuclearreactors. In the present work, the effect of different durations (1, 2 and 3h) of hightemperatures (250, 500, 750 and 950C ) on the physical, mechanical and radiationproperties of heavy concrete was studied. The effect of fire fitting systems on concreteproperties was investigated. Resuhs showed that ilmenite2 concrete had the highestdensity, modulus of elasticity and lowest absorption percent, and it had also higher val-ues of compressive, tensile, bending and bonding strengths than gravel or baryte3 con-crete. Ilmenite concrete showed the highest attenuation of transmitted gamma rays. Fir-ing (heating) exposure time was inversely proportional to mechanical properties of alltypes of concrete. Ilmenite concrete was more resistant to elevated temperature. Foamor air proved to be better than water as a cooling system in concrete structure exposed tohigh temperature because water leads to a big damage in concrete properties. During the last few years, analytical and computation methods have been greatlydeveloped in the field of concrete building exposed to high temperature or accidentalfire. The transient heat flow within a fire-exposed structure is governed by the heat bal-ance equation. At elevated high temperature or accidental fire, concrete surfaces ex-posed to heat are significantly affected. At free surfaces, the heat flow is caused byconvection4 and radiation. A preliminary evaluation of the failure criteria showed thatfailure of heated concrete surface occurs most likely by crack formation parallel to thehot surface, degradation of concrete strength and pressurization of concrete pores. ……
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