會(huì)議口譯

前言

　　進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)，隨著全球化進(jìn)程的加快和中國的日益開放，中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展，綜合國力明顯增強(qiáng)，中國與世界各國的聯(lián)系愈加緊密。眾多國際會(huì)議選擇在中國召開：從財(cái)富論壇到APEc會(huì)議，從博鰲亞洲論壇到中非合作論壇，從世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇到亞歐會(huì)議等。北京、上海等大城市平均每天都有一場(chǎng)國際會(huì)議召開。這些國際會(huì)議的內(nèi)容十分廣泛，涉及政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技、金融、貿(mào)易、法律、文化、教育、環(huán)境、能源、體育、衛(wèi)生等。國務(wù)院新聞辦公廳幾乎每周都召開新聞發(fā)布會(huì)，而每年一度的兩會(huì)期間的記者招待會(huì)一直都是媒體和公眾關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。會(huì)議口譯作為與會(huì)各方溝通的橋梁，其重要性不容忽視?！　‰S著市場(chǎng)需求的增長(zhǎng)，口譯隊(duì)伍正朝著職業(yè)化的方向邁進(jìn)，口譯作為一項(xiàng)職業(yè)備受青睞。口譯按工作場(chǎng)合和內(nèi)容一般可以分為聯(lián)絡(luò)接待口譯、會(huì)議口譯、法庭口譯、導(dǎo)游口譯、外貿(mào)商務(wù)口譯、媒體口譯、技術(shù)口譯等，但在實(shí)際工作中很難進(jìn)行界限分明的分類?！　『吐?lián)絡(luò)陪同口譯相比，會(huì)議口譯對(duì)專業(yè)知識(shí)的要求相對(duì)較高，因?yàn)榻^大多數(shù)會(huì)議都涉及某個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專題。因此，一個(gè)好的譯員必須是一名終身學(xué)習(xí)者，要不斷汲取新的知識(shí)，否則很難出色地完成任務(wù)。會(huì)議口譯按工作性質(zhì)又可分為交替?zhèn)髯g和同聲傳譯，前者對(duì)譯員的記憶力和筆記的要求較高，后者則要求譯員具有非凡的“一心多用”的能力。但無論是同聲傳譯還是交替?zhèn)髯g，譯員都需有較高的語言造詣、寬廣的知識(shí)面、過硬的心理素質(zhì)和口譯技能，所有這些非一朝一夕之功，需要長(zhǎng)期積累和專業(yè)訓(xùn)練?！　”緯磿?huì)議口譯的工作性質(zhì)分交替?zhèn)髯g和同聲傳譯兩大部分，以口譯技能為主線，以口譯專題為單元，將技能訓(xùn)練融入到16個(gè)常見口譯專題中?！　「鶕?jù)教育心理學(xué)，技能是通過各種方式的訓(xùn)練獲得的。口譯既然是一門技能課，以技能為核心的口譯教學(xué)一定要突出實(shí)踐，在實(shí)踐中培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)者的邏輯分析和判斷能力，使學(xué)習(xí)者對(duì)口譯技能嫻熟掌握?！　】谧g教學(xué)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)涵蓋語言、知識(shí)與技能三個(gè)方面，但其核心是口譯技能的培養(yǎng)?？谧g的基本技能與口譯工作的過程息息相關(guān)。對(duì)應(yīng)口譯過程中的理解、記憶、傳達(dá)三個(gè)階段，口譯技能分別為聽辨與理解、原語儲(chǔ)存與筆記、流暢表達(dá)；相應(yīng)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容應(yīng)圍繞這些技能的訓(xùn)練而設(shè)立，如語篇理解、主干信息提取、信息重組和精簡(jiǎn)、短時(shí)記憶、筆記方法、靈活釋義及公共演講技巧、流利表達(dá)等?！　睦碚撋现v，用于技能訓(xùn)練的語言材料可以是任意的。例如訓(xùn)練數(shù)字傳譯時(shí)，可以進(jìn)行純數(shù)字的轉(zhuǎn)換，也可以操練包含數(shù)字的語段，但這類訓(xùn)練由于機(jī)械枯燥，時(shí)間不宜過長(zhǎng)。理想的以技能訓(xùn)練為核心的口譯教學(xué)應(yīng)將技能培訓(xùn)和口譯專題相結(jié)合，以提高效率。如果將數(shù)字傳譯練習(xí)結(jié)合數(shù)字出現(xiàn)頻率較高的“經(jīng)濟(jì)”或“貿(mào)易”等專題，可以使學(xué)習(xí)者在充分訓(xùn)練技能的同時(shí)，豐富該專題下的詞匯和相關(guān)知識(shí)。這類語篇知識(shí)將有助于學(xué)習(xí)者在以后碰到類似主題時(shí)，迅速做出合理預(yù)測(cè)，正確把握發(fā)言人的意思和意圖。而且，由于口譯專題內(nèi)容完整，還可以提高學(xué)習(xí)者對(duì)語篇的邏輯分析能力。

內(nèi)容概要

《會(huì)議口譯》按會(huì)議口譯的工作性質(zhì)分交替?zhèn)髯g和同聲傳譯兩大部分，以口譯技能為主線，以口譯專題為單元，將技能訓(xùn)練融入到16個(gè)常見口譯專題中。

書籍目錄

交傳篇　Unit 1 Friendly Relations　　Part One Interpreting Skills: Active Listening　　Part Two Texts for Interpreting　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　Part Three Practice　　Part Four Reference Version　Unit 2 Academic Exchange　　Part One Interpreting Skills: Note-taking Principles　　Part Two 　　Texts for Interpreting　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　Part Three Practice　　Part Four Reference Version　Unit 3 Cultural Exchange　　Part One Interpretlng Skllls: Note-taking Symbols　　Part Two 　　Texts for Interpretlng　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　Part Three Practice　　Part Four Reference Version　Unit 4 Economy　　Part One Interpreting Skills: Figure Switching　　Part Two 　　Texts for Interpreting　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　Part Three Practice　　Part Four Reference Version　Unit5 Trade　　Part One Interpreting Skllls: Public Speech　　Part Two Texts for Interpreting　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two OriginalText　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　Part Three Practice　　Part Four Reference Verslon　Unit 6 Finance　　Part One Interpratlng Skllls: Coplng Tactlcs　　Part Two Texts for Interpreting　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　Part Three Practice　　Part Four Reference Version　Unit 7 Investment　　Part One Interpreting Skills: Summarizing　　Part Two 　　Texts for Interpreting　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Wordsand Expressions　　　Item Two Original Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　Part Three Practice　　Part Four Reference Version　Unit 8 Science and Technology　　Part One Interpreting Skills: Preparation　　Part Two Texts for Interpreting　　　Text A English-Chinese Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　　Item Three Interpreted Version　　　Item Four Comments on Interpretation　　　Item Five Note-taking Sample　　　Text B Chinese-English Interpreting　　　Item One Words and Expressions　　　Item Two Original 　　Text　　……同傳篇

章節(jié)摘錄

　　We are a nation of laws. Our courts are honest and they are independent. The President，me, I cant tell the courts how to rule and neither can any other member of the executive orlegislative branch of government. Under our law, everyone stands equal. No one is above thelaw and no one is beneath it.　　All political power in America, is limited and temporary, and only given by a free vote ofthe people. We have a Constitution, now two centuries old, which limits andbalances the powers of the three branches of our government: the judicial branch,the legislative branch and the executive branch ㈨, of which I am a part.　　Many of the values that guide our life in America are first shaped in our families, just asthey are in your country. American Morns and Dads love their children and work hard andsacrifice for them, because we believe life can always be better for the next generation. In ourfamilies, we find love and learn responsibility and character.　　And many Americans voluntarily devote part of their lives to serving other people. Anamazing number, nearly half of all adults in America, volunteer time every week to make theircommunities better by mentoring children, or by visiting the sick, or caring for the elderly orhelping with a thousand other needs and causes. This is one of the great strengths of mycountry. People take responsibility for helping others without being told, motivated by theirgood hearts and often by their faith.　　If you travel across America, （and I hope you do someday if you havent been there, ）you will find people of many different ethic backgrounds and many different faiths. We are avaried nation. We are home to 2.3 million Americans of Chinese ancestry, who can be foundworking in the offices of our corporations, or in the Cabinet of the United States, or skating forthe American Olympic Team. Every immigrant, by taking an oath of allegiance to our country,becomes just as American as the President. America shows that a society can be vast andvaried, and yet still one country, commanding the allegiance and love of its people.　　All of these qualities of America were vividly displayed on a single day, September" llth,the day when terrorists, murderers attacked my nation. American policemen and firefighters, bytheir hundreds, ran into burning towers in their desperation to save their fellow citizens.Volunteers came from everywhere to help with the rescue efforts. Americans donated blood,and gave money to help the families of victims. America held prayer services all over ourcountry, and people raised flags to show their pride and unity. None of this was ordered by thegovernment; it happened spontaneously, by the initiative of a free people.　　Life in America shows that liberty, paired with law, is not to be feared. In a free society,diversity is not disorder, debate is not strife, and dissent is not revolution. A free society trustsits citizens to seek greatness in themselves and their country.　　It was my honor to visit China in 1975, （Some of you were not born then. That showshow old I am. ） and a lot has changed in your country since then. China has made amazingprogress in openness, and enterprise, and economic freedom.　And this progress previewsChinas great potential.

編輯推薦

　　科學(xué)性：以經(jīng)典理論為指導(dǎo)，以口譯技能為主線，以時(shí)代專題為單元，內(nèi)容編排循序漸進(jìn)，融技能訓(xùn)練于專題學(xué)習(xí)中。　　創(chuàng)新性：借鑒語言學(xué)研究成果，結(jié)合作者多年口譯實(shí)戰(zhàn)和教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，突出語言、知識(shí)和技能的培養(yǎng)。　　實(shí)用性：內(nèi)容新，題材廣，筆記示范和譯文評(píng)析有的放矢。既可作為口譯教材亦可用于譯員自我進(jìn)修。

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