科技英語讀寫-方法與實(shí)踐

前言

　　一．指導(dǎo)思想　　根據(jù)《高等學(xué)校英語專業(yè)英語教學(xué)大綱（2000年）》的要求，21世紀(jì)英語專業(yè)人才應(yīng)該打好扎實(shí)的英語語言基礎(chǔ)，牢固掌握英語專業(yè)知識(shí)，同時(shí)要拓寬人文學(xué)科知識(shí)和科學(xué)知識(shí)，并具有獲取知識(shí)的能力、獨(dú)立思考的能力和創(chuàng)新能力。英語專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段的課程設(shè)置與教學(xué)任務(wù)主要圍繞聽、說、讀、寫、譯技能和方法的訓(xùn)練，為進(jìn)入高年級(jí)打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。大綱強(qiáng)調(diào)，高年級(jí)的主要教學(xué)任務(wù)之一仍然是打好語言基本功，語言技能的訓(xùn)練應(yīng)自始至終貫穿四年的教學(xué)過程?！　∧敲?，英語專業(yè)到了高級(jí)階段，如何在有限的學(xué)時(shí)內(nèi)繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)語言技能的訓(xùn)練，又拓寬學(xué)生的文化知識(shí)和科學(xué)知識(shí)，同時(shí)又在教學(xué)中貫徹素質(zhì)教育的理念，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的獨(dú)立思考能力和創(chuàng)新能力，提高他們的文化素質(zhì)和心理素質(zhì)呢這一問題直接關(guān)系到教學(xué)理念的更新、課程設(shè)置的調(diào)整，及教學(xué)內(nèi)容和方法的改革?！　≡谛率兰o(jì)英語教學(xué)大綱的指導(dǎo)下，我們對(duì)英語專業(yè)高年級(jí)階段的教學(xué)任務(wù)與目標(biāo)進(jìn)行了認(rèn)真思考。認(rèn)為英語教學(xué)到了高級(jí)階段，語言技能的訓(xùn)練應(yīng)該為學(xué)生在今后實(shí)際工作中用英語進(jìn)行真正意義上的信息交流和學(xué)術(shù)交流打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。也就是說，高級(jí)階段的英語技能訓(xùn)練不是為學(xué)習(xí)而學(xué)習(xí)，而是為了使用而學(xué)習(xí)，使英語成為信息交流、思想交流和學(xué)術(shù)交流的有效工具。　　出于這一指導(dǎo)思想，我們?cè)诒本├砉ご髮W(xué)教務(wù)處的大力支持下，著手編寫這本《科技英語讀寫——方法與實(shí)踐》一書，作為我校英語專業(yè)的特色教材之一，并試圖填補(bǔ)英語專業(yè)科技英語教材的空白?！　【帉懘私滩牡闹饕康挠兴膫€(gè)方面：　　1．繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語技能，但語言技能的培養(yǎng)上升到語篇和語體的層面。使學(xué)生熟悉科技文章的體裁特征、語篇特征和語體特征，增強(qiáng)英語語體意識(shí)，提高語言鑒賞能力。　　2．培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語獲取知識(shí)和信息的能力和效率。指導(dǎo)并訓(xùn)練學(xué)生閱讀原版英語科技期刊文章，從而使他們掌握一套以獲取知識(shí)和信息為目的的有效閱讀方法?！　?．提高學(xué)生的英語應(yīng)用能力和產(chǎn)出能力。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)獲取的信息進(jìn)行分析、思考和運(yùn)用?！　?．拓寬學(xué)生的科技視野和學(xué)術(shù)視野，擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面。激發(fā)學(xué)生積極、深入地思考問題，培養(yǎng)科學(xué)、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)和創(chuàng)造性思維方式。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《科技英語讀寫：方法與實(shí)踐》是關(guān)于“科技英語讀寫”方面知識(shí)的閱讀教學(xué)專著，《科技英語讀寫：方法與實(shí)踐》分兩大部分：第一部分是Reading your way into technical writing，由11個(gè)單元組成，是教材的主體；第二部分 Extending your scope of reading，由11篇文章組成，供學(xué)生進(jìn)行課外閱讀。 第一部分每個(gè)單元由Objectives；Preparing for reading；Surveying；Reading；Analyzingmacro structure；Grasping essential points；Understanding language feathres；Organizingdetails；Responding to the text和Writing 10大塊內(nèi)容構(gòu)成。

書籍目錄

Part oneReading your way into tecnicalUnit 1 Getting Started： Identifying and Solving a Problem Ten Techniques for Activating the Spirit and Reducing StressUnit 2 Examining the Nature of a Familiar Phenomenon TV Addiction Versus Substance DependenceUnit 3 Analyzing and Preventing a Disease InfluenzaUnit 4 Explaining a Mechanism Why We Sleep： A BiologicalPerspectiveUnit 5 Presenting and Illustrating an Argument Global Versus Local Issues in Noise Control PolicyUnit 6 Offering a Critical Review Hotel DesignUnit 7 Debating a New Technology Seeds of ConcernUnit 8 Drawing Inferences and Framing Hypotheses The Unearthly Landscapes of Mars： the Red Planet Is No Dead PlanetUnit 9 Testing a Hypothesis The Value of Positive EmotionsUnit 10 Applying a Clean Technology Fuel CellsUnit 11 Undertaking a Research Project Assessing the Attitudes and Behaviors of Pedestrians and Drivers in Traffic SituationsPart twoExtending your scope o- reading1. Engineering Education2. The Nature of Emotions3. Fighting HIV with HIV4. Aging： A Biological Perspective5. The Problems with Relying on Technology6. As One Door Closes7. Technology and the Humanities8. Framing Hypotheses： A Cautioncry Tale9. The Kindness of Strangers10. Non-medical Lasers： Everyday Life in a New Light11. Driver Inattention， Driver Distraction and Traffic CrashesKey to part oneKey topart

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Task 7　　Read thefollowing extended definition oflasers and determine whatinformation is included and how the details are organized．　　Whaf Is a Laser？　　Laser is an acronym for“l(fā)ight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation．”Radiation，in this case，is another word for electromagnetic energy，which includes light．　　Laser light has several properties that make it different from regular light．First，it is often collimated，which means it travels in a narrow beam for long distances，rather than going off in many direc tions as regular light does．　　Laser light is also coherent，which means that the light waves stay synchronized over long distances．And it is monochromatic，of one color．Some laser beams are invisible，producing light in the infrared or ultraviolet wavelengths．　　A laser can produce a short burst of light or a continuous beam．Because it can focus narrowly，laser light can be much more intense than regular light，especially in bursts．Laser beams range in power from a few microwatts to several billion watts in short bursts．　　It was Albert Einstein who first conceived of laser light．In 1917，he theorized that atoms could be stimulated to release energy with a specific wavelength and direction．But it wasn’t until 1960 that Theodore Mainman，an American scientist，put together the first successful laser．　　Like Mainman’s invention，many lasers today contain three major parts．First，there’s a cylinder-shaped rod called the lasing medium．Mainman used a synthetic crystal ruby，but today’s lasing mediums are often glass tubes filled with liquid or gases such as helium，neon，argon，and carbon dioxide．　　Second，a laser has a power supply that excites the atoms in the lasing medium with energy．The power supply charges the atoms to their capacity，eventually causing them to release photons in one wavelength and direction．

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