軟件評估、度量與最佳方法

內(nèi)容概要

為使信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)中的軟件項目在開發(fā)過程中能夠合理利用經(jīng)費、及時上市發(fā)布且在用戶端物盡其用，避免當(dāng)前普遍存在的各種錯誤，軟件開發(fā)過程中的方法、工具和實踐知識正在日漸成為人們重點學(xué)習(xí)和分析的問題。在此分析過程中的一種量化方法是軟件評估，它在企業(yè)級軟件開發(fā)中引發(fā)了諸多方法學(xué)。另一種分析方法是軟件基準(zhǔn)設(shè)置，它在時間調(diào)度和成本核算等領(lǐng)域被用來采集量化的數(shù)據(jù)。    本書作者憑借其在經(jīng)濟分析領(lǐng)域的廣博經(jīng)驗，介紹了軟件開發(fā)分析過程中的一種實用的質(zhì)化方法與量化方法相結(jié)合的新途徑。將評估數(shù)據(jù)與度量基準(zhǔn)的數(shù)據(jù)綜合加以分析時，就可以顯示特定工具和實踐手段是如何影響一個機構(gòu)中軟件開發(fā)投入所取得的效果的。企業(yè)從中得到相應(yīng)的回報，明析使其軟件開發(fā)投入工作獲取增益的努力方向。    本書主要講授：如何將評估方法與設(shè)立基準(zhǔn)方法相結(jié)合以獲得最優(yōu)化的軟件分析；幫助讀者識別軟件開發(fā)過程中的最佳與最差實踐方法；提高軟件質(zhì)量和應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)實效；通過避免軟件中的差錯來減少軟件維護費用。    本書適用于計算機軟件評估類課程。作者簡介：    Capers Jones,a leading author and speaker on software productivity and measurement,is a frequent speaker at software engineering conferences.Formerly a senior researcher at IBM's Santa Teresa software laboratory and Saaistant director of Applied Technology at the ITt Progamming technology Center,he founded Software productivity Research.Jones in now Chief Scientist and Executive Vice president of Artemis managements Systems.Artemis and Software Productivity Research.larding developers of software project management tools,perform global assessments,benchmarking,and baseline sutdies.He is a member of IEEE computer Soociety and the International Function Point users Group.

書籍目錄

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsChapter 1  Introduction  Protecting and Comparing Confidential Data  International Country and City Codes  Using Standard Industry Classifications (SICs) for Software Studies  A Taxonomy of Software Projects for Benchmark and Assessment StudiesChapter 2  Software Process Assessments   The Origins of Software Process Assessments  The SEI Assessment Approach  The SPR Assessment Approach    Pattern of Client Strengths (Better than Average Performance)    Pattern of Average Results (Average Performance Within Industry)    Pattern of Client Weakness (Worse than Average Performance)  Correlating the SEI and SPR Scoring Systems  Readings and References on Software AssessmentsChapter 3  Software Benchmarks and Baselines   Benchmarks and the Problem of Size Metrics  Benchmarketing Software Costs  Hazards of Using Project-Level Data for Software Benchmark Studies  Hazards of Mailed Surveys for Software Benchmark Studies  Moving to Activity-Based Software Benchmark Data  Software Quality Benchmarks  Software Baselines  Readings and References on Software Benchmarks and BaselinesChapter 4  Thirty-Six Key Factors for Software Assessment and Benchmark Studies   Software Classification Factors  Project-Specific Factors  Technology Factors  Sociological Factors  Ergonomic Factors  International Factors  Readings and References on Factor AnalysisChapter 5  Identifying Software Best and Worst Practices   Factors that Influence Software Development Productivity  Factors that Influence Software Maintenance Productivity  Patterns of Positive and Negative Factors  Readings and References on Software Best and Worst PracticesChapter 6  Software Process Improvements   Annual Tactical and Strategic Software Improvement Plans  Annual Software Progress Report  The Six Stages on the Path to Software Excellence    Stage 0: Software Process Assessment, Baseline, and Benchmarks    Stage 1: Focus on Management Technologies    Stage 2: Focus on Software Processes and Methodologies    Stage 3: Focus on New Tools and Approaches    Stage 4: Focus on Infrastructure and Specialization    Stage 5: Focus on Reusability    Stage 6: Focus on Industry Leadership  The Costs, Timing, and Value of Process Improvements  Readings and References on Software Process ImprovementsChapter 7  Benchmarks and Best Practices For MIS Software Projects   MIS Applications and Corporate Databases  Lack of Data Metrics  MIS and Enterprise Resource Planning  MIS Applications, the Euro, and the Year 2000  MIS Technologies  Diverse Origins of Information Systems and Systems Software  MIS Demographics  MIS Benchmarks  MIS Software Successes and Failures    MIS Success Factors    MIS Failure Factors  Best Technical Practices for MIS Software    Best Project Management Practices for MIS Software    Best Requirements-Gathering and Analysis Practices for MIS Software    Best Design and Specification Practices for MIS Software    Best Coding Practices for MIS Software    Best Reusability Practices for MIS Software    Best Change Control Practices for MIS Software    Best User Documentation Practices for MIS Software    Best Quality Control and Pretest Defect Removal Practices for MIS Software    Best Testing Practices and Tools for MIS Software    Best Maintenance and Enhancement Practices for MIS Software  Best Personnel Practices for MIS Software    Best Staff Hiring Practices for MIS Software    Best Staff Training and Education Practices for MIS Software    Best Management Training and Education Practices for MIS Software    Best Practices for Specialization in the MIS Software Domain    Best Compensation and Salary Practices for MIS Software    Best Practices in Office Ergonomics for MIS Software    Best Practices in Organizational Structures for MIS Software    Best Practices for Employee Morale in MIS Software    Best Work Patterns and Overtime Utilization Practices for MIS Software    Best Practices for Minimizing MIS Staff Turnover Rates  Summary and Conclusions on MIS Software  Readings and References for MIS SoftwareChapter 8  Benchmarks and Best Practices for Outsourced Software   The Growth of International Outsourcing  Choosing Outsourcing or In-house Development  Minimizing the Risks of Disputes Between Outsource Contractors and Their Clients  Outsourcing Technologies  Outsource Demographics  Outsource Benchmarks  Outsourcing Successes and Failures    Outsourcing and Contract Software Success Factors    Outsourcing and Contract Software Failure Factors  Best Technical Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Project Management Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Requirements-Gathering and Analysis Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Design and Specification Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Coding Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Reusability Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Change Control Practices for Outsourced Software    Best User Documentation Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Quality Control and Pretest Defect Removal Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Testing Practices and Tools for Outsourced Software    Best Maintenance and Enhancement Practices for Outsourced Software  Best Personnel Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Staff Hiring Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Staff Training and Education Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Management Training and Education Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Practices for Specialization in the Outsource Software Domain    Best Compensation and Salary Practices for Outsourced Software    Best Practices in Office Ergonomics for Outsourced Software    Best Practices in Organizational Structures for Outsourced Software    Best Practices for Employee Morale among Outsource Vendors    Best Work Patterns and Overtime Utilization for Outsourced Software    Best Practices for Minimizing Outsourcing Staff Turnover Rates  Summary and Conclusions on Outsourced Software  Readings and References for Outsourced SoftwareChapter 9  Benchmarks and Best Practices for Systems Software   Systems Software Demographics  Systems Software Benchmarks  Systems Software Successes and Failures    Systems Software Success Factors    Systems Software Failure Factors  Best Technical Practices for Systems Software    Best Project Management Practices for Systems Software    Best Requirements-Gathering and Analysis Practices for Systems Software    Best Design and Specification Practices for Systems Software    Best Coding Practices for Systems Software    Best Reusability Practices for Systems Software    Best Change Control Practices for Systems Software    Best User Documentation Practices for Systems Software    Best Quality Control and Pretest Defect Removal Practices for Systems Software    Best Testing Practices and Tools for Systems Software    Best Maintenance and Enhancement Practices for Systems Software  Best Personnel Practices for Systems Software    Best Staff Hiring Practices for Systems Software    Best Staff Training and Education Practices for Systems Software    Best Management Training and Education Practices for Systems Software    Best Practices for Specialization in the Systems Software Domain    Best Compensation and Salary Practices for Systems Software    Best Practices in Office Ergonomics for Systems Software    Best Practices in Organizational Structures for Systems Software    Best Practices for Employee Morale in Systems Software    Best Work Patterns and Overtime Utilization for Systems Software    Best Practices for Minimizing Staff Turnover Rates  Summary and Conclusions on Systems Software  Readings and References for Systems SoftwareChapter 10  Benchmarks and Best Practices for Commercial Software   Special Issues and Technologies for Commercial Software  Commercial Software Demographics  Commercial Software Benchmarks  Commercial Software Successes and Failures    Commercial Software Success Factors    Commercial Software Failure Factors  The Microsoft Pattern  The Emergence of the ISO 9000-9004 Standards  Best Technical Practices for Commercial Software    Best Project Management Practices for Commercial Software    Best Requirements-Gathering and Analysis Practices for Commercial Software    Best Design and Specification Practices for Commercial Software    Best Coding Practices for Commercial Software    Best Reusability Practices for Commercial Software    Best Change Control Practices for Commercial Software    Best User Documentation Practices for Commercial Software    Best Quality Control and Pretest Defect Removal Practices for Commercial Software    Best Testing Practices and Tools for Commercial Software    Best Maintenance and Enhancement Practices for Commercial Software  Best Personnel Practices for Commercial Software    Best Staff Hiring Practices for Commercial Software    Best Staff Training and Education Practices for Commercial Software    Best Management Training and Education Practices for Commercial Software    Best Practices for Specialization in the Commercial Software Domain    Best Compensation and Salary Practices for Commercial Software    Best Practices in Office Ergonomics for Commercial Software    Best Practices in Organizational Structures for Commercial Software    Best Practices in Employee Morale in Commercial Software    Best Work Patterns and Overtime Utilization for Commercial Software    Best Practices for Minimizing Staff Turnover Rates in the Commercial Software Domain  Summary and Conclusions on Commercial Software  Readings and References for Commercial SoftwareChapter 11  Benchmarks and Best Practices for Military Software   Military Software Technologies and Special Problems  The Software Engineering Institute  The Airlie Council  Military Software Demographics  Military Software Benchmarks  Military Software Successes and Failures    Military Software Success Factors    Military Software Failure Factors  Best Technical Practices for Military Software    Best Project Management Practices for Military Software    Best Requirements-Gathering and Analysis Practices for Military Software    Best Design and Specification Practices for Military Software    Best Coding Practices for Military Software    Best Reusability Practices for Military Software    Best Change Control Practices for Military Software    Best User Documentation Practices for Military Software    Best Quality Control and Pretest Defect Removal Practices for Military Software    Best Testing Practices and Tools for Military Software    Best Maintenance and Enhancement Practices for Military Software  Best Personnel Practices for Military Software    Best Staff Hiring Practices for Military Software    Best Staff Training and Education Practices for Military Software    Best Management Training and Education Practices for Military Software    Best Practices for Specialization in the Military Software Domain    Best Compensation and Salary Practices for Military Software    Best Practices in Office Ergonomics for Military Software    Best Practices in Organizational Structures for Military Software    Best Practices in Employee Morale in Military Software    Best Work Patterns and Overtime Utilization for Military Software    Best Practices for Minimizing Military Staff Turnover Rates  Summary and Conclusions on Military Software  Readings and References for Military SoftwareChapter 12  Benchmarks and Best Practices for End User Software   End User Software Demographics  End User Benchmarks  End User Software Successes and Failures    End User Software Success Factors    End User Software Failure Factors  Best Technical Practices for End User Software  Best Personnel Practices for End User Software  Readings and References for End User SoftwareAppendix: SPR Questionnaire for Assessments, Benchmarks, and BaselinesGlossary Complete List of Readings and References Index

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