實(shí)用操作系統(tǒng)概念

前言

20世紀(jì)末，以計(jì)算機(jī)和通信技術(shù)為代表的信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)，對(duì)世界的經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生等方面的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響，由此而興起的信息產(chǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的支柱。進(jìn)入2l世紀(jì)，各國(guó)為了加快本國(guó)的信息產(chǎn)業(yè)，加大了資金投入和政策扶持。為了加快我國(guó)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的進(jìn)程，在我國(guó)《國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十個(gè)五年計(jì)劃綱要》中，明確提出“以信息化帶動(dòng)工業(yè)化，發(fā)揮后發(fā)優(yōu)勢(shì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力的跨越式發(fā)展?！毙畔a(chǎn)業(yè)的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)將日趨激烈。在我國(guó)加入WT0后，我國(guó)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)將面臨國(guó)外競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)成敗最終將取決于信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)人才的多少與優(yōu)劣。在20世紀(jì)末，我國(guó)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)雖然得到迅猛發(fā)展，但與國(guó)際先進(jìn)國(guó)家相比，差距還很大。為了趕上并超過國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平，我國(guó)必須加快信息技術(shù)人才的培養(yǎng)，特別要培養(yǎng)一大批具有國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的高水平的信息技術(shù)人才，促進(jìn)我國(guó)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)和國(guó)家信息化水平的全面提高。為此，教育部高等教育司根據(jù)教育部呂福源副部長(zhǎng)的意見，在長(zhǎng)期重視推動(dòng)高等學(xué)校信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)的教學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上，將實(shí)施超前發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，采取一些重要舉措，加快推動(dòng)高等學(xué)校的信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)等相關(guān)專業(yè)的教學(xué)工作。在大力宣傳、推薦我國(guó)專家編著的面向21世紀(jì)和“九五”重點(diǎn)的信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)課程教材的基礎(chǔ)上，在有條件的高等學(xué)校的某些信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)課程中推動(dòng)使用國(guó)外優(yōu)秀教材的影印版進(jìn)行英語或雙語教學(xué)，以縮短我國(guó)在計(jì)算機(jī)教學(xué)上與國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平的差距，同時(shí)也有助于強(qiáng)化我國(guó)大學(xué)生的英語水平。為了達(dá)到上述目的，在分析一些出版社已影印相關(guān)教材，一些學(xué)校已試用影印教材進(jìn)行教學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上，教育部高等教育司組織并委托高等教育出版社開展國(guó)外優(yōu)秀信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)優(yōu)秀教材及其教學(xué)輔助材料的弓！進(jìn)研究與影印出版的試點(diǎn)工作。為推動(dòng)用影印版教材進(jìn)行教學(xué)創(chuàng)造條件。

內(nèi)容概要

操作系統(tǒng)是計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)中極其重要的部分，也是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)教育的基礎(chǔ)課程。本書是在《操作系統(tǒng)概念》（第五版）的基礎(chǔ)上編寫而成，與該書風(fēng)格不同，本書通過使用Java實(shí)例和眾多當(dāng)代操作系統(tǒng)（如Solaris 2和Windows NT）的實(shí)例來闡述操作系統(tǒng)的基本概念。    本書討論了適用于大多數(shù)操作系統(tǒng)的概念，并采用Java語言進(jìn)行描述。全書內(nèi)容共分7部分：第一部分，總論（第1～3章），主要介紹了操作系統(tǒng)的概念、作用、設(shè)計(jì)及構(gòu)造，這些描述是基于史實(shí)的、說明性的，有基礎(chǔ)的讀者可以略讀。第二部分，進(jìn)程管理（第4～8章），主要介紹了進(jìn)程調(diào)度、進(jìn)程間通信、進(jìn)程同步及死鎖處理的多種方法，同時(shí)對(duì)線程進(jìn)行了討論。第三部分，內(nèi)存和存儲(chǔ)器管理（第9～13章），主要介紹了內(nèi)存管理、虛擬內(nèi)存、文件系統(tǒng)、I/O系統(tǒng)和海量存儲(chǔ)器結(jié)構(gòu)。第四部分，分布式系統(tǒng)（第14～17章）。第五部分，保護(hù)及安全（第18～19章）。第六部分，案例研究（第20～22章），主要對(duì)UNIX Berkley 4.3BSD、Linux、與Microsoft NT等3個(gè)案例進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。第七部分，Java入門（附錄）。全書各章均附有適量習(xí)題。    本書可作為本科高年級(jí)學(xué)生操作系統(tǒng)課程的入門教材，也可供一年級(jí)研究生使用。    內(nèi)容：1. 序言 2. 計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 3. 操作系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 4. 進(jìn)程 5. 線程 6. CPU調(diào)度 7. 進(jìn)程同步 8. 死鎖 9. 存儲(chǔ)管理10. 虛擬內(nèi)存 11. 文件系統(tǒng) 12. 輸入/輸出系統(tǒng) 13. 海量存儲(chǔ)器結(jié)構(gòu) 14. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu) 15. 分布式通信 16. 分布式協(xié)調(diào) 17. 分布式文件系統(tǒng) 18. 保護(hù) 19. 安全 20. UNIX系統(tǒng) 21. Linux系統(tǒng) 22. Windows NT 附錄A Java入門

作者簡(jiǎn)介

Abraham Bilberschatz is director of  the Information Sciences Research center at Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill,New jersey.he Previously held a chaired professorship in the Departments of Compurter Science at the University of Texas at Austin.His re

書籍目錄

PART ONE OVERVIEW  Chapter1 Introduction  Chapter2 Computer-System Structures  Chapter3 Operating-System StructuresPART TWO PROCESS MANAGEMENT  Chapter4 Processes  Chapter5 Threads  Chapter6 CPU Scheduling  Chapter7 Process Synchronization  Chapter8 DeadlocksPART THREE STORAGE MANAGEMENT  Chapter9 Memory Management  Chapter10 Virtual Memory  Chapter11 File Systems  Chapter12 I/O Systems  Chapter13 Mass-Storage StructurePART FOUR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS  Chapter14 Network Structures  Chapter15 Distributed Communication  Chapter16 Distributed Coordination  Chapter17 Distributed File SystemsPART FIVE PROTECTION AND SECURITY  Chapter18 Protection  Chapter19 SecurityPART SIX CASE STUDIES  Chapter20 The UNIX System  Chapter21 The Linux System  Chapter22 Windows NTAppendix A Java PrimerBibliographyCreditsIndex

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：Symmetric multiprocessing（SMP）means that all processors are peers；thereis no master-slave relationship between processors.Each processor concur-rently runs a copy of the operating system.Figure 1.5 illustrates a typical SMParchitecture.An example of the SMP system is Encore's version of UNIX forthe Multimax computer.This computer can be configured such that it employsdozens of processors.all runnhag copies of UNIX.The benefit of this model isthat many processes can run simultaneouslyn（N processes Can run if there areN CPUs）-without causing a significant deterioration of performance.How.ever, we must carefully control I/O to ensure that the data reach the appropriateprocessor.Also.since the CPUs are separate. one may be sitting idle while another is overloaded. resulting in inefficiencies. These inefficiencies can be avoided if the processors share certain data structures. A multiprocessor system of this florin will allow processes and resources-such as memory-to be shared dynamically among the various processors, and can lower the variance among the processors. Such a system must be written careful as we shall seeing Chapter 7。Virtually all modem operating systems including Windows NT,Solaris,Digital UNIX.OS/2.and Linux-now provide support for SMPThe difference between symmetric and asymmetric multiprocessing may bathe result of either hardware or software. Special hardware call differentiate the multiple processors, or the software can be written to allow only one master and multiple slaves. For instance, Sun's operating system SunOS Version 4 provides asymmetric multiprocessing, whereas Version 5（Solaris 2）is symmetric on the same hardware.As microprocessors become less expensive and more powerful additional operating-system hmctiOIlS are off-loaded to slave processors. or back-ends. For example, it is fairly easy to add a microprocessor with its own memory to manage a disk system. The microprocessor could receive a sequence of requests from the main CPU and implement its own disk queue and schedulingalgorithm.This arrangement relieves the main CPU of the overhead of diskscheduling.PCs contain a microprocessor in the keyboard to convert the keystrokes into codes to be sent to the CPU.In fact, this use of microprocessors has become SO common that it is no longer considered multiprocessing.

媒體關(guān)注與評(píng)論

書評(píng)Applied Operating System Concepts is the first book to provide a precise introduction to the principles of operating systems with numerous contemporary code examples, exercises, and programming projects. Written by the leading authors in the field of operating systems, this book capitalizes on the power of Java(TM) technology to allow students to work with executable code for examples of core concepts. Features of Applied Operating System Concepts    * Presents real code examples using the Java programming language    * Uses Java technology to introduce difficult concepts like processes, process synchronization, and semaphores    * Describes the role of threads in modern operating systems and Java, and provides the opportunity to write multithreaded programs    * Introduces up-to-date distributed operating system topics (e.g., Java's Remote Method Invocation, CORBA, RPC) in one concise chapter    * Includes chapter-long case studies of UNIX, LINUX, and Windows NT(TM)    * Provides a Java Primer appendix

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