網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理

前言

20世紀末，以計算機和通信技術(shù)為代表的信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)，對世界的經(jīng)濟、軍事、科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生等方面的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響，由此而興起的信息產(chǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的支柱。進入21世紀，各國為了加快本國的信息產(chǎn)業(yè)，加大了資金投入和政策扶持。為了加快我國信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的進程，在我國《國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十個五年計劃綱要》中，明確提出“以信息化帶動工業(yè)化，發(fā)揮后發(fā)優(yōu)勢，實現(xiàn)社會生產(chǎn)力的跨越式發(fā)展。”信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的國際競爭將日趨激烈。在我國加入WTO后，我國信息產(chǎn)業(yè)將面臨國外競爭對手的嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。競爭成敗最終將取決于信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)人才的多少與優(yōu)劣。在20世紀末，我國信息產(chǎn)業(yè)雖然得到迅猛發(fā)展，但與國際先進國家相比，差距還很大。為了趕上并超過國際先進水平，我國必須加快信息技術(shù)人才的培養(yǎng)，特別要培養(yǎng)一大批具有國際競爭能力的高水平的信息技術(shù)人才，促進我國信息產(chǎn)業(yè)和國家信息化水平的全面提高。為此，教育部高等教育司根據(jù)教育部呂福源副部長的意見，在長期重視推動高等學(xué)校信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)教學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上，將實施超前發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，采取一些重要舉措，加快推動高等學(xué)校的信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)等相關(guān)專業(yè)的教學(xué)工作。在大力宣傳、推薦我國專家編著的面向21世紀和“九五”重點的信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)課程教材的基礎(chǔ)上，在有條件的高等學(xué)校的某些信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)課程中推動使用國外優(yōu)秀教材的影印版進行英語或雙語教學(xué)，以縮短我國在計算機教學(xué)上與國際先進水平的差距，同時也有助于強化我國大學(xué)生的英語水平。為了達到上述目的，在分析一些出版社已影印相關(guān)教材，一些學(xué)校已試用影印教材進行教學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上，教育部高等教育司組織并委托高等教育出版社開展國外優(yōu)秀信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)優(yōu)秀教材及其教學(xué)輔助材料的引進研究與影印出版的試點工作。為推動用影印版教材進行教學(xué)創(chuàng)造條件。本次引進的系列教材的影印出版工作，是在對我國高校信息科學(xué)和技術(shù)專業(yè)的課程與美國高校的進行對比分析的基礎(chǔ)上展開的。

內(nèi)容概要

本書作者在網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理、工程及操作上有著豐富的經(jīng)驗，他將這些寶貴的經(jīng)驗與現(xiàn)實世界中的實例相結(jié)合，介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的基本概念及最新技術(shù)。本書不是僅講述某一特殊專門的網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)，而是涉及了網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的基礎(chǔ)，包括背景知識、技術(shù)、工具等，這些是所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理者必須了解的。本書內(nèi)容包括三個部分：第一部分提供連網(wǎng)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的背景知識，如集線器、路由器、網(wǎng)橋、轉(zhuǎn)換器等；第二部分重點介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理結(jié)構(gòu)和協(xié)議，討論了SNMP管理、寬帶管理及TMN；第三部分介紹了一些用于監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理應(yīng)用程序、管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)及系統(tǒng)等的工具。    內(nèi)容：I.背景知識（1. 數(shù)據(jù)通信與網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理概述 2. 計算機技術(shù)回顧）II.SNMP、寬帶與TMN管理（3. 基本概念：標準、建模與語言 4. SNMPv1：組織與信息5. SNMPv1：通信6. SNMPv27. SNMPv38. RMON9. 寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理：ATM網(wǎng)絡(luò)10. 寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理：訪問網(wǎng)絡(luò)11. 電信管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)）III.管理工具、系統(tǒng)及應(yīng)用（12. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理工具及系統(tǒng) 13. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理應(yīng)用程序 14. 基于Web的管理附錄 OSI管理） 作者簡介:MANI SUBRAMANIAN is a professor at Georgia Institute of Technology,where he teaches a Network Manage-ment course based on his years of industry experience.He has led Research and development at several networking corporations and has practical knowledge of networking and netowrk management.In1989,he has elected Tech-nical Kirector of the OSI Network Management Forum and was responsible for the first release of OSI NM specificatiions.Dr.Subramanian received his Ph.D.from Purdue University.

作者簡介

　　MANI SUBRAMANIAN is a professor at Georgia Institute of Technology,where he teaches a Network Manage-ment course based on his years of industry experience?！e has led Research and development at several networking corporations and has practical knowledge of networking and netowrk management。　In1989,he has elected Tech-nical Kirector of the OSI Network Management Forum and was responsible for the first release of OSI NM specificatiions。Dr.Subramanian received his Ph.D.from Purdue University。

書籍目錄

PART 1 Background Chapter 1 Data Communications and Network Management Overview  1.1 Analogy of Telephone Network Management  1.2 Data (Computer) and Telecommunication Network  1.3 Distributed Computing Environments  1.4 TCP/IP--Based Networks: The Internet and intranets  1.5 Communications Protocols and Standards 　　1.5.1 Communication Architectures 　　1.5.2 Protocol Layers and Services  1.6 Case Histories of Networking and Management 　　1.6.1 Case History l: The Importance of Topology ("The Case of the Footprint") 　　1.6.2 Case History 2: Filtering Does Not Reduce Load on Node 　　1.6.3 Some Common Network Problems  1.7 Challenges of information Technology Managers  1.8 Network Management: Goals, Organization, and Functions 　　1.8.1 Goal of Network Management 　　1.8.2 Network Provisioning 　　1.8.3 Network Operations and the DOC 　　1.8.4 Network Installation and Maintenance  1.9 Network and System Management  1.10 Network Management System Platform  1.11 Current Status and Future of Network Management Chapter 2 Review of Computer Network T6chnology  2.1 Network Topology  2.2 Local Area Networks 　　2.2.1 Ethernet 　　2.2.2 Fast Ethernet 　　2.2.3 Gigabit Ethernet 　　2.2.4 Full-Duplex Ethernets 　　2.2.5 Switched Ethernet 　　2.2.6 Virtual LANs 　　2.2.7 Token Ring 　　2.2.8 Fiber Distributed Data interface  2.3 Network Node Components 　　2.3.1 Hubs　　2.3.2 Bridges 　　2.3.3 Remote Bridges 　　2.3.4 Transparent Bridges 　　2.3.5 Source Routing Bridges 　　2.3.6 Routers 　　2.3.7 Gateways and Protocol Converters 　　2.3.8 Multiprotocol Routers and Tunneling 　　2.3.9 Half-Bridge Configuration of Routers 　　2.3.10 Switches  2.4 Wide Area Networks  2.5 Transmission Technology 　　2.5.1 Wired Transmission 　　2.5.2 Wireless Transmission Media 　　2.5.3 Transmission Modes  2.6 Integrated Services: ISDN, Frame Relay, and Broadband PART 2 SNAP, Broadband, and TAN Management Chapter 3 Basic Foundations: Standards, Models. and Language  3.1 Network Management Standards  3.2 Network Management Model  3.3 Organization Model  3.4 Information Model 　　3.4.1 Management information Trees 11 1　　3.4.2 Managed Object Perspectives 112 3.5 Communication Model  3.6 Abstract Syntax Notation One: ASN.1 　　3.6.1 Terminology, Symbols, and Conventions 　　3.6.2 Objects and Data Types 　　3.6.3 Object Names 　　3.6.4 An Example of ASN.1 from ISO 8824  3.7 Encoding Structure  3.8 Macros  3.9 Functional Model Chapter 4 SNMPv1 Network Management: Organization and Information Models Chapter 5 SNMPv1 N6tWork Management: Corn Communication and Functional Models Chapter 6 SNW Management: SNWPv2 Chapter 7 SNMP Management: SNMPv3 Chapter 8 SNMP Management: RMON Chapter 9 Broadband Network management: ATM Networks Chapter 10 Broadband Network Management Chapter 11 Telecommunications Management Network PART 3 Management Tools, Systems, and Applications Chapter 12 Network Management Tools and Systems Chapter 13 Network Management Applications Chapter 14 Web-Based Management Appendix A OSI Network and System Management Appendix B Project Suggestions Selected BibliographyIndex

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：transport problem from the client's workstation to the server platform. The former is asystem problem and falls under the category of system management. The latter is a connectivity problem and falls under network management. We can generalize systemmanagement as the management of systems and system resources in the network. Network management is concerned with network resources such as hubs, switches, bridges,touters, and gateways, and the connectivity among them via a network. It alsoaddresses end-to-end connectivity between any two processors （not application processes） in the network. As we saw in Section 1.1, a network consists of network components and their interconnections. The vendor who manufactures a network component or set of network components is best qualified to develop a network management system for that product or setof products. This involves getting the data from each instance of a component in the network to one or more centralized locations and displaying its status on a network management system. For example, failure of a bridge would set up an alarm in the network management system to alert the operations personnel of the failure. This would enable the operations personnel to follow up on the problem and restore the service, even before the user calls in a complaint.As we mentioned, each type of component is managed most efficiently by the respec tive management system, a network management system manages all the components that are connected to a network. Again, it is relatively simple for a vendor to develop a network management system to manage a network of components it produced. However, a user, such as a global corporation, buys components from different vendors and theinformation systems manager of the corporation has the responsibility to maintain the network of all vendor components. This might require installation of multiple network management systems for an enterprise, or a network management system that can manage multiple vendor components. Thus, a common management system, as well as the integration of different management systems and their interoperability, has played a majorrole in the network management arena in the past decade. Professional organizations andindustrial communities have been establishing standards for this purpose, which are stillevolving. The two major standards are the Internet and the OSI standards. We will lookat the former in detail in this book. A network management dumbbell architecture for interoperability is shown in Figure1.23（a） where vendor systems A and B exchange common management messages. Themessages consist of management information data （e.g., the type, id, and status of managed objects） and management controls （e.g., setting and changing the configuration ofan object）The protocols and services associated with the dumbbell architecture are presented in Figure 1.23（b） Application services are the managementrelated applicationssuch as fault and configuration management. The management protocols are CMIP for the OSI model and SNMP for the Intemet model. Transport protocols are the first four layers of the OSI model and TCP/IP over any of the first two layers of the seven-layer OSI model.Figure 1.24 models a hierarchical configuration of two network agents monitoring two sets of managed objects. A network management system （NMS） is at the top of the hierarchy. Each network agent monitors its respective objects. Either in response to a polled query from the NMS or triggered by a local alarm, the agent communicatesthe rel evant data to the NMS.

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