土建英語

前言

　　專門用途英語系列教材是教育部規(guī)劃的高等學(xué)校專業(yè)英語階段的英語教材。本系列教材從培養(yǎng)高級應(yīng)用型人才的總體目標(biāo)出發(fā)，結(jié)合學(xué)生畢業(yè)后的工作實際，力求向?qū)W生提供其未來工作崗位所需要的專業(yè)英語知識和技能，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生使用涉外業(yè)務(wù)英語的能力。　　本系列教材每冊書都由10個單元組成，每單元至少包括閱讀與翻譯、模擬套寫和聽力與會話三部分。　　本系列教材主要供高等院校（包括高等?？圃盒：透叩嚷殬I(yè)院校）專業(yè)英語教學(xué)使用，也可供電大、各類成人院校及廣大專業(yè)人員學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)英語，提高涉外業(yè)務(wù)交際能力使用?！　　锻两ㄓ⒄Z》系本系列教材中的一種，旨在提高土木建筑類的學(xué)生和從業(yè)人員在建筑領(lǐng)域的涉外業(yè)務(wù)英語交際能力，其中包括專業(yè)閱讀、翻譯、寫作和口頭交際的能力.　　《土建英語》共10個單元，每單元分為以下四個部分：　　第一部分“建筑英語詞語圖示”（Illustrated Words and Expressions），通過標(biāo)注涉外建筑工程圖紙和施工過程中的常用詞匯和表達(dá)法，幫助學(xué)生形象地學(xué)習(xí)建筑英語詞語。圖示的內(nèi)容涉及建筑設(shè)計、木結(jié)構(gòu)、磚石結(jié)構(gòu)、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)、建筑機(jī)械、砌筑工具等諸多方面?！　〉诙糠?ldquo;閱讀與翻譯”（Reading and translating），旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀和翻譯土木建筑專業(yè)英語的能力。本部分收入了兩類文章：第一類為專業(yè)技術(shù)性文章，用來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀和翻譯土木建筑專業(yè)技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)的能力，內(nèi)容涉及設(shè)計過程、基礎(chǔ)、墻體、樓面、屋頂結(jié)構(gòu)、預(yù)制結(jié)構(gòu)、隧道、道路、橋梁、污水處理等；第二類為土木建筑專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的實用性文章，如中標(biāo)函、建筑規(guī)范、工程造價等，還包括反映建筑領(lǐng)域的新設(shè)計、新技術(shù)和新產(chǎn)品的文章，如世紀(jì)大廈、德國重新考慮區(qū)域供暖、香港上海匯豐銀行、高效節(jié)能廢水處理、計算機(jī)在建筑中的應(yīng)用等。　　第三部分“模擬套寫”（Simulated WritinK），旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生參照范例用英語擬寫和翻譯建筑領(lǐng)域的涉外信函、傳真、電子郵件以及合同、產(chǎn)品廣告、產(chǎn)品介紹、產(chǎn)品使用說明和招標(biāo)通告等應(yīng)用文的能力.　　第四部分“聽力與會話”（Listening and Speaking），旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生進(jìn)行土木建筑專業(yè)涉外口語交際的能力。內(nèi)容涉及安排會議、施工前期準(zhǔn)備、甲方與項目經(jīng)理會談、現(xiàn)場勘察、招投標(biāo)、施工組織與管理、施工進(jìn)度、工程質(zhì)量評估、質(zhì)量控制等?！　”窘滩臉?gòu)思獨(dú)特、實用性強(qiáng)，尤其突出了土木建筑專業(yè)的涉外業(yè)務(wù)實際需要；選材新穎、點面結(jié)合、內(nèi)容豐富、語言規(guī)范；練習(xí)的設(shè)計兼具實用性和針對性。每單元各個部分均注有生詞和短語，并配有適量的練習(xí)，書后附有練習(xí)答案和參考譯文，便于學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)中用，用中學(xué)。

內(nèi)容概要

　　專門用途英語系列教材是教育部規(guī)劃的高等學(xué)校（包括高等專科院校和高等職業(yè)院校）專業(yè)英語階段的英語教材，也可供電大、各類成人院校及廣大專業(yè)人員學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)英語、提高涉外業(yè)務(wù)交際能力使用?！　　锻两ㄓ⒄Z》是該系列教材之一?！锻两ㄓ⒄Z》從專業(yè)人員實際工作的需要出發(fā)進(jìn)行設(shè)計和編寫。選材新穎、點面結(jié)合、內(nèi)容豐富、語言規(guī)范：練習(xí)兼具實用性和針對性?！　∪珪?0個單元組成，每單元包括專業(yè)文獻(xiàn)閱讀與翻譯，涉外業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用文模擬套寫和專業(yè)會話三部分。書后附有練習(xí)參考答案和課文參考譯文。

書籍目錄

Unit 1 DesignProcessPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressions: Architecture DesignPart Ⅱ Reading and TranslatingPassage A: Introduction to DesignProcessPassage B: The London Millennium TowerPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: Advertisement (1)Part Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: Arranging a MeetingUnit 2 FoundationPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressions: Stairs and StepsPart Ⅱ Reading andTranslating.Passage A: Foundation ConstructionPassage B: Rethinking District Heating in GermanyPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: Advertisement (2)Part Ⅳ Listening anti Speaking: Discussion of aProject at a PreliminaryPhaseUnit 3 WallingPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressionsi Window DetailPart Ⅱ Reading and TranslatingPassage A: Solid Walling andPartition WallingPassage B: Hong Kong Shanghai BankPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: Advertisement (3)Part Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: Talks Between the Owner and the Program ManagerUnit 4 FloorsPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words anti Expressions: Sheet Metal WorkPart Ⅱ Reading anti TranslatingPassage A: Solid Floors and Timber FloorsPassage B: Nullifire System SPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing:Product InstructionPart Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: Site InspectionUnit 5 RoofsPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressions: Roof StructurePart Ⅱ Reading and TranslatingPassage A: Roof ConstructionPassage B: Computer Applications in ConstructionPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing:Performance Security (Bank Guarantee)Part Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: BiddingUnit 6 PrefabricationPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressions: Methods of JointingPart Ⅱ Reading and TranslatingPassage A:Prefabricated ConstructionPassage B: A High-efficiency and Energy-saving Wastewater Treatment TechniquePart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: Subcontract AgreementPart Ⅲ Listening and Speaking: Field ManagementUnit 7 TunnelsPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressions: Brick StructuresPart Ⅱ Reading and TranslatingPassage A: Traffic Tunnel ConstructionPassage B: DrawingsPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: E-mailPart Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: Claims and Back-chargesUnit 8 RoadsPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressions: Building MachineryPart Ⅱ Reading and TranslatingPassage A: Modem RoadPassage B: Cost Variance inProjectPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: Fax MessagePart Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: Construction ScheduleUnit 9 RridgesPart Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Expressions: Steel Structures Reading and TranslatingPart ⅡPassage A: Fleher Cable-stayed Suspension Bridge in Get~x~any Passage B: Role of Specification in ConstructionPart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: Contract AgreementPart Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: Talks on Value-engineeringUnit 10 Sewage DisposalPart Ⅰ Illustrated words and Expressions: Bricklayers Tools Reading and TranslatingPart Ⅱ Passage A: Efficient Sewage DisposalPassage B: Letter of AcceptancePart Ⅲ Simulated Writing: Invitation for BidsPart Ⅳ Listening and Speaking: Quality Control

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Most good landscape architects employ a series of analytical and creative thinking stepsreferred to as the "Design Process" to arrive at a built site design that correctly meets all thenecessary requirements in the most efficient and aesthetically pleasing manner possible. Thedesign process has a number of uses including the following:　　1. It provides a logical and organized framework for creating a design solution.　　2. It helps to insure the solution that does evolve will be appropriately suited to the givencircumstances of the design（the site, the client's needs, budget, etc.）.　　3. It aids in determining the best use of the land for the client by studying alternative solutions.　　4. It serves as a basis of explaining and defending the design solution to the client.　　The design process, also sometimes termed as "problem solving process", includes a seriesof steps which usually （though not necessarily） follow a sequential order. In general terms, thesesame steps are also used by architects, industrial designers, engineers, and scientists to solveproblem. For site designers, the design process typically include these steps:　　1. Client Contract　　……

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