干細胞技術(shù)

內(nèi)容概要

由于干細胞生物學在多個前沿分支的重大進展，使其成為快速發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域。本文集收集了干細胞領(lǐng)域諸多領(lǐng)袖人物的新近文章。首先向讀者介紹干細胞生物學的基本概念，以及近年來鑒定出的種類繁多的干細胞類型；接著，從技術(shù)層面概要講述了制備和使用干細胞的實驗室操作規(guī)程；之后，介紹了再生醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域干細胞生物學應(yīng)用的現(xiàn)狀；最后幾章圍繞著在臨床治療中如何獲取干細胞及其應(yīng)用問題，給出了倫理和監(jiān)管方面的考慮。

作者簡介

Bruce M.Carlson，M.D.，Ph.D.University of Michigan

書籍目錄

著者名單導言序“干性”的定義、規(guī)范和標準第一部分 干細胞生物學介紹1.源自脊椎動物胚胎的亞全能干細胞:當下的觀點和未來的挑戰(zhàn)2.出生后的干細胞3.成體上皮組織干細胞4.間充質(zhì)干細胞5.干細胞的可塑性和再生第二部分 制備胚胎干細胞或亞全能干細胞的方法6.建立用于人類胚胎干細胞研究的實驗室7.人類胚胎干細胞的衍生和維持培養(yǎng)方法:細則和備選方案8.人類胚胎生殖細胞的衍生和分化9.人類胚胎干細胞的基因操作10.誘導性亞全能干細胞衍生物第三部分 干細胞的類型和性質(zhì)11.亞全能性的分子基礎(chǔ)12.人類亞全能干細胞的特征和描述13.多潛能的成體祖細胞14.骨髓干細胞的性質(zhì)和亞全能性15.造血干細胞的性質(zhì)、標志物和療法16.胃腸道中的干細胞17.源自羊水和胎盤的干細胞18.利用核移植產(chǎn)生干細胞第四部分 干細胞生物學在再生醫(yī)學中的應(yīng)用19.腫瘤干細胞20.神經(jīng)干細胞對中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的修復21.燒傷和皮膚潰瘍22.心血管再生修復和新血管形成的細胞基礎(chǔ):我們在未來5~10年中做什么、為什么做、如何做以及在哪里做?23.胰腺干細胞24.利用胚胎干細胞治療心臟病25.成體角質(zhì)干細胞相關(guān)的表皮再生26.骨骼肌內(nèi)的成肌細胞移植27.肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)修復的細胞療法28.源自胚胎干細胞的視網(wǎng)膜色素上皮第五部分 倫理和監(jiān)管方面的考慮29.對倫理問題的考慮30.干細胞研究:對宗教問題的考慮31.美國專利法中的現(xiàn)有條款32.干細胞療法:食品和藥物管理局的產(chǎn)品及臨床應(yīng)用前的監(jiān)管考慮索引

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Stem cell progeny are known to populate a wide variety of human tissues and organs. This has been demonstrated incases of sex-mismatched bone marrow or organ transplants by the use ofY-chromosomal markers. The analyzable com-binations include female individuals who have had bonemarrow transplants from male donors or male individualswho have received organ transplants from female donors.In the latter case， the presence of cells containing theY chromosome in the transplant shows that host cells have populated the transplant. In the former case， the presence ofcells bearing the Y chromosome in any nonmarrow tissueindicates a cellular mosaic between host tissue and graftedmarrow cells. According to one report， after a single，male， bone marrow stem cell was injected intravenouslyinto lethally irradiated mice， progeny of that cell werefound in the skin， the kidneys， the liver， and the epithelial lining of lung and small intestine （Krause et a/2001）.　 Careful analysis in these studies is essential becausethe Y chromosome-bearing cells could be macrophagesor some other bloodborne cell， rather than a parenchymalcell or a permanent component of the stroma. In trans-plant situations， male-derived cells have been found in theliver， heart， Hdney， endothelium of blood vessels， bone，epithelia of gut， buccal cavity， and skin （rev. Korbling andEstrov， 2003）. The reported percentages ofimmigrant cellsvary considerably， from less than 1% to more than 20c7o.One important observation from the clinical studies is thatthe percentage of immigrant cells in an organ is typically greater if rejection or some pathologic process is occurring in that organ. This confirms laboratory data suggesting thatstem cells are more likely to be called into play when an organ is damaged.　　……

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