英語反身代詞和賓語代詞的二語習(xí)得研究

內(nèi)容概要

L2 Acquisition of English Reflexives and Objects（英語反身代詞和賓語代詞的二語習(xí)得研究）探討了英語人稱代詞的母語和二語習(xí)得研究。這里的人稱代詞包含反身代詞和第三人稱代詞。在對相關(guān)的文獻詳細綜述后，L2 Acquisition of English Reflexives and Objects（英語反身代詞和賓語代詞的二語習(xí)得研究）進行了一項實證研究，即比較高級英語水平的中國學(xué)生在英語反身代詞以及賓語代詞兩個領(lǐng)域的習(xí)得。實驗結(jié)果表明，他們對前者局部約束性的掌握遠好于對后者有形性的掌握。這一現(xiàn)象可以通過語法分析理論得到解釋：參數(shù)的重新設(shè)定要靠語言依據(jù)來激活；如果二語輸入中缺少能夠激活參數(shù)值重新設(shè)定的語言依據(jù)，那么即使處在高級英語水平階段，二語學(xué)習(xí)者的中介語依然會呈現(xiàn)母語的參數(shù)值特征。

書籍目錄

ContentsAcknowledgements前言AbstractChapter 1 Universal Grammar and Second Language Acquisition1.1 Introduction1.2 UG and SLA1.2.1 Principles and Parameters of UG1.2.2 SLA1.2.2.1 The Binding of Reflexives1.2.2.2 The Licensing of Null Objects1.2.3 Three Major UG-based SLA Theories1.2.3.1 The Full Transfer Full Access Hypothesis1.2.3.2 The Minimal Trees Hypothesis1.2.3.3 The Failed Functional Features Hypothesis1.3 SummaryChapter 2 Cross-Linguistic Variation on the Binding of Reflexives and Licensing of Null Objects2.1 Introduction2.2 Cross-linguistic Variation on the Binding of Reflexives2.2.1 The Parameterized Approach2.2.2 The Move-to-Infl Approach2.2.3 The Relativized SUBJECT Approach2.2.4 A New Approach to the Cross-linguistic Variation on the Binding of Reflexives2.3 Cross-linguistic Variation on the Licensing of Null Objects2.4 The Binding of Reflexives and the Licensing of Null Objects2.5 SummaryChapter 3 Studies on the Acquisition of Reflexive Binding and Null Objects3.1 Introduction3.2 Reflexive Binding in L1 Acquisition3.3 Reflexive Binding in L2 Acquisition3.3.1 Hirakawa(1990)3.3.2 Yuan(1994)3.3.3 MacLaughlin(1998)3.3.4 Thomas(1995)3.3.5 Jiang(2009b)3.3.6 White et al.(1997)3.4 Null Objects in L1 Acquisition3.5 Null Objects in L2 Acquisition3.5.1 Yuan(1997)3.5.2 Park(2004)3.6 SummaryChapter 4 Main Study4.1 Introduction4.2 The Study4.2.1 Subjects4.2.2 Materials and Procedure4.3 Results4.3.1 Reflexive Binding4.3.1.1 Group Results4.3.1.2 Individual Results4.3.1.3 Summary4.3.2 Null Objects4.3.2.1 Group Results4.3.2.2 Individual Results4.3.2.3 Summary4.3.3 Correlation between Reflexive Binding and Null Objects4.4 SummaryChapter 5 Discussion5.1 Introduction5.2 A-Binding/A'-Binding Asymmetry5.2.1 Native Language Transfer in L2 Acquisition5.2.2 Learning Strategies in L2 Acquisition5.2.3 A New Approach Involving an Interaction of the L1 Grammar and the L2 Input5.2.3.1 Morphological Complexity of the English Reflexive5.2.3.2 Binding to Non-Subjects5.2.3.3 Overt Agreement Morphology5.2.4 The Implications of the Findings for UG-based SLA Theories5.3 The Finite/Non-finite Asymmetry in the A-Binding Domain5.4 The A-bound/A'-bound Null Object Asymmetry in the A'-binding Domain5.5 ConclusionReferencesAppendix I The Main TestAppendix II The Proficiency TestList of Tables1.1 Parametric values for Turkish and German:Cevdet's three interlanguage stages(Tur=Turkish;S1=Stage 1;S2=Stage 2;S3=Stage 3;Ger=German)1.2 Accurate judgments on relative clauses(in%)2.1 Illustration of the GCP and PAP(from Manzini and Wexler 1987)2.2 Three types of binding patterns3.1 Responses of"yes"(in %)3.2 The number of subjects which are classified into each binding pattern3.3 Responses of"true"(in%)3.4 Number of subjects in each task3.5 Total omission of subjects and objects(in%)(Park 2004:5)3.6 The licensing conditions of null subjects and null objects3.7 Summary of findings of the L2 acquisition of English4.1 Subjects' background information(SD=standard deviation)4.2 Sentence types used to test L2 learners' interpretation of English reflexives4.3 Sentence types used to test L2 learners' knowledge of English overt objects4.4 Mean accuracy scores on local and LD antecedents4.5 Mean accurate judgments of LD antecedents on finite versus non-finite clauses4.6 Three types of binding patterns4.7 Classification of respondents according to the 80% consistency criterion4.8 Criteria for rejection of LD referential antecedents(RAs)and LD quantified antecedents(QAs)4.9 Number of Chinese speakers with full,partial,or no rejection of LD RAs and LD QAs according to the criteria levels set in Table 4.84.10 Overall mean accuracy scores on null objects and converted percentages4.11 Mean accuracy scores on A-bound and A'-bound null objects4.12 Error rates for Chinese speakers and native controls on each null-object sentence(percentage of errors per sentence)4.13 Number of participants giving consistent responses to null objects4.14 Accuracy scores on reflexive binding and null objects for each Chinese speaker5.1 Cevdet's three successive developmental stagesList of Figures4.1 Mean accuracy scores on local antecedents by sentence type4.2 Mean accuracy scores on LD antecedents by sentence type4.3 Mean accurate judgments(in%)of local binding and LD binding involving quantified vs.referential antecedents in the finite sentences4.4 Percentage of errors per null-object sentence4.5 Accuracy scores on reflexive binding and null objects for each L2 subject

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　　《英語反身代詞和賓語代詞的2語習(xí)得研究》介紹了英語代詞的二語習(xí)得研究，著重比較了中國英語學(xué)習(xí)者在反身代詞以及賓語代詞兩個領(lǐng)域的習(xí)得情況?！　嶒灲Y(jié)果表明，被試對英語反身代詞局部約束性的掌握遠好于對賓語代詞有形性的掌握。漢語和英語在這兩個領(lǐng)域都存在差異，為什么他們可以很好地掌握前者，而很難掌握后者呢？針對這種不對稱現(xiàn)象，《英語反身代詞和賓語代詞的2語習(xí)得研究》將從“基于普遍語法的語言習(xí)得理論”（UG-base（1 Approach）和“基于使用的語言習(xí)得理論”（Usage-based Approach）兩個角度對實驗結(jié)果進行全面分析，討論三種可能的原因。

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