中國(guó)生態(tài)扶貧戰(zhàn)略探究

內(nèi)容概要

扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)和生態(tài)建設(shè)是我國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展所面臨的兩項(xiàng)主要任務(wù)。目前，我國(guó)的貧困人口主要分布在生態(tài)環(huán)境惡劣、自然資源匱乏的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，這就使得我國(guó)的扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)與生態(tài)建設(shè)任務(wù)存在高度重疊。因此，需要兼顧減貧和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境雙重目標(biāo)，探索一條符合中國(guó)國(guó)情的生態(tài)和扶貧雙贏道路。
《中國(guó)生態(tài)扶貧戰(zhàn)略研究(英文版)》創(chuàng)新發(fā)展了生態(tài)扶貧理論，構(gòu)建了適合中國(guó)特色的生態(tài)扶貧概念框架，從理論上揭示了貧困與生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，探討了兩者發(fā)生變化的驅(qū)動(dòng)力，開(kāi)展了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能價(jià)值評(píng)估，系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了中國(guó)生態(tài)扶貧面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)，最終提出了生態(tài)扶貧發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。同時(shí)，《中國(guó)生態(tài)扶貧戰(zhàn)略研究(英文版)》選擇寧夏進(jìn)行案例分析，通過(guò)研究寧夏在生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)和減少貧困方面的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)，為我國(guó)其他貧困地區(qū)相似問(wèn)題的解決提供了借鑒和學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。必將有力推動(dòng)我國(guó)生態(tài)扶貧的發(fā)展。
本書(shū)適合農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)。環(huán)境保護(hù)相關(guān)專業(yè)的科研人員、大專院校師生和有關(guān)政策制定者，決策者參閱，也可供從事貧困研究、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展研究等人員參閱。

書(shū)籍目錄

Preface
Acknowledgements
Part 1  Status of Poverty and Ecosystems in China
  Chapter 1  Poverty in China
    1.1  Definition of Poverty Line in China
    1.2  Poverty Alleviation in China
    1.3  Poverty-stricken County Designated by State(PCDS)
    References
  Chapter 2  Ecosystems of China
    2.1  Major Types of Ecosystem
    2.2  Ecological Zones
    References
  Chapter 3  Assessment of the State of Knowledge on the Supply of
Ecosystem Services in China
    3.1  Provisioning Services
    3.2  Regulating Services
    3.3  Supporting Services
    3.4  Cultural Services
    References
Part 2 Decision-making and Drivers of Change for Ecosystems and
Poverty in China
  Chapter 4  Indirect Drivers Impacting on Ecosystem Services for
Poverty Alleviation
    4.1  Population Change
    4.2  Economic Growth
    4.3  Land-use Change
    4.4  Agricultural Development
    4.5  Energy Sector Development
    4.6  Development of Science & Technology and Education
    References
  Chapter 5  Decision-making directly concerning ESPA
    5.1  Major Government Policies
    5.2  Land Management
    5.3  Water Management
    5.4  Payment for Environmental Services
    References
  Chapter 6  Review of economic valuation of ecosystem services in
China
    6.1  Introduction
    6.2  Constitution of Ecosystem Service Function Values
    6.3  Classifications of Ecosystem Service Functional Values
    6.4  Evaluation Methods of Ecosystem Values
    6.5  Progress of Ecosystem Valuation in China
    6.6  Practice of China's Ecological Poverty Alleviation
    6.7  Prospects of System Service Value Assessment Studying
    References
Part 3  Direct Drivers of Ecosystem Change and Poverty
  Chapter 7  Potential impacts of climate change on terrestrial
ecosystem services in China
    7.1  Introduction
    7.2  Climate models and Projections of Regional Climate Change
in China
    7.3  Potential Impacts on Terrestrial Ecosystems
    7.4  Crop Production
    7.5  Summary
    References
  Chapter 8  POLLUTION AND OVEREXPLOITATION
    8.1  Introduction
    8.2  Water Environment
    8.3  Atmosphere
    8.4  Forests and Grassland
    References
  Chapter 9  Potential Impact of Invasive Alien Species on
Ecosystem Services and Poverty Reduction in China
    9.1  Introduction
    9.2  Ias status and Trends in China
    9.3  Impacts of/AS on Ecosystem Services
    9.4  Effects of IAS on Poverty Reduction
    9.5  Effects of Climate Change on IAS
    9.6  Knowledge Gaps and Recommendations in Research Aspects
    References
Part 4 Ningxia Case Study
  Chapter 10  Ningxia Case Study
    10.1  Status of Ecological Environment and Economic Development
in Ningxia
    10.2  Major Problems of Ecological Construction for Poverty
Reduction
    10.3  Important Measures of Ecological Construction for Poverty
Reduction and the Achievements in Ningxia
    10.4  Important Measures of Ecological Construction for Poverty
Reduction in the Forthcoming Years
    References

章節(jié)摘錄

版權(quán)頁(yè)：插圖：The core of China's agricultural policy is to build a new socialist countryside（rural communities）based on a basic strategy of coordinating urban and ruraleconomic and social development, actively promoting urbanization and ruraldevelopment to improve the lives of rural residents in the areas of education,healthcare, basic sanitation and economic well-being.Detailed policies related to ESPA are as follows.Adhere to basic food self-sufficiency and stable development of grainproduction. To ensure the country's food security, grain productioncapacity will reach about 500 million tons. Adhere to laws on landprotection to ensure that basic farmland areas do not reduce and landquality does not decrease. Strengthen small water conservancy facilitieswith a focus on farmland capital construction, transform large-scaleirrigation areas, speed-up transformation of low-yielding farmland andimprove quality of farmland, improve agricultural disaster prevention andreduction capabilities.Improve  agricultural  scientific  and  technological  innovation  andtransformation capacity. Reform traditional farming methods, implementagricultural  standardization,  develop  conservation-oriented  agriculture.Scientific use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and plastic film, promote soiltesting, fertilizer formulations, balanced fertilization, slow-release nitrogenfertilizer, biological control of pests and diseases and other applicabletechnologies. Promote the application of advanced agricultural machinery andimprove agricultural mechanization levels. Develop water-saving agriculture indrought areas. Promote agricultural service organization and mechanisminnovation, encourage and guide farmers to develop various types of specializedcooperative economic organizations and raise the degree of organization.

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