人體解剖學(xué)

前言

Students :of the medical and allied sciences require a solid grounding in human anatomy if they want to fullyunderstand the key aspects of all medical courses and to pursue their future careers in health-related professions.The structure of the human body, as studied in human anatomy, represents not only an innate beauty of biologicalmachines essential for our lives, but a physical basis to determine how the body functions or goes wrong. Basedon this, the importance of human anatomy for medical education cannot be overestimated. This textbook, designed for a one-semester human anatomy course, is aimed to provide elementary knowl-.edge and basic concepts of human anatomy and to furnish an accessible framework of medical morphology forstudents majoring in medicine and other health-care programs. Although human anatomy is a classical subject inthe medical course system, the teaching of human anatomy has been greatly challenged in recent years due to anexplosion of information and an updating of ideas in medical science. To ensure enough knowledge to be learnedby students without necessarily increasing their learning time, we rely on the collective wisdom and combinedexperience of all authors to condense the subject essentials into this student-friendly text of 5 units, 19 chapters.The text contents are rigorously chosen to acquaint students with clear views on anatomical structures and relation-ships, and the text layout is ingeniously organized to allow each chapter to become a freestanding reading materialand yet to make different chapters well inter-correlated. Anatomy is a visual science, and the learning of it by students can benefit from ample illustrations with com-bination of aesthetic beauty and scientific accuracy in the textbook. The total 466 figures of high quality have beenincluded to integrate with the text. They are created based on measurements or observations of dissected materialsor by reference to the standard atlas from trusted anatomy bibles by skilled professionals among them some arerenowned artists. We believe that these artworks will enable students to build a pictorial insight into anatomicaldescriotions and to comorehend the issues that they find particularly difficult through the text reading.

內(nèi)容概要

Dr. Gu Xiaosong is Professor of Anatomy at Nantong University, and serves as a doctoral mentor. He is currently the vice-president of Chinese Society for Anatomy Sciences and the president of Jiangsu Anatomy Society. As a nationally renowned instructor, he has long taught a broad spectrum of undergraduate and postgraduate students in the medical school.    Dr. Gu Xiaosong is also the director of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration. His research interest focuses on neuroscience, especially neural damage and regeneration. He has obtained the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, and taken charge of national and provincial natural science foundation programs. His academic achievements are manifested in many research articles and monographs, invention patents, and governmentissued prizes.

書籍目錄

PrefaceINTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMYPART ONE  LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM  Chapter 1  Osteology    Chapter 2  Arthrology    Chapter 3  Myology PART TWO  SPLANCHNOLOGY  Chapter 4  General Description    Chapter 5  Digestive System    Chapter 6  Respiratory System    Chapter 7  Urinary System    Chapter 8  Reproductive System  Chapter 9  PeritoneumPART THREE  ANGIOLOGY  Chapter 10  Cardiovascular System  Chapter 11   Lymphalic SvstemPART FOUR  SENSORY ORGANS  Chapter 12  General Description  Chapter 13  Visual Organ    Chapter 14  Vestibulocochlear Organ  Chapter 15  Other Sensory Organs  PART FIVE  NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM  Chapter 16  General Description    Chapter 17  Central Nervous System    Chapter 18  Peripheral Nervous System  Chapter 19  Endocrine System

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：（1）胸鎖關(guān)節(jié)由鎖骨的胸骨端與胸骨的鎖切跡及第工肋軟骨的上面構(gòu)成。關(guān)節(jié)囊堅(jiān)韌，囊內(nèi)有纖維軟骨構(gòu)成的關(guān)節(jié)盤。屬于多軸關(guān)節(jié)，允許鎖骨外側(cè)端向前、向后、向上、向下運(yùn)動并可作環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)和微小的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動。（2）肩鎖關(guān)節(jié)由鎖骨的肩峰端與肩峰的關(guān)節(jié)面構(gòu)成，關(guān)節(jié)活動度小。（3）喙肩韌帶連于肩胛骨的喙突與肩峰之間，它與喙突、肩峰共同構(gòu)成喙肩弓，架于肩關(guān)節(jié)上方，有防止肱骨頭向上脫位的作用。（4）肩關(guān)節(jié)由肱骨頭與肩胛骨關(guān)節(jié)盂構(gòu)成。肱骨頭大，而關(guān)節(jié)盂淺而小。關(guān)節(jié)囊薄而松弛，關(guān)節(jié)腔寬大。肱二頭肌長頭起于盂上結(jié)節(jié)，行于關(guān)節(jié)囊內(nèi)。關(guān)節(jié)囊的韌帶少且弱，囊的上壁有喙肱韌帶。囊的下壁沒有肌腱和韌帶加強(qiáng)，最為薄弱，肱骨頭常向前下方脫出。肩關(guān)節(jié)屬球窩關(guān)節(jié)，為全身最靈活的關(guān)節(jié)，可作三軸運(yùn)動：即屈伸、收展、旋內(nèi)、旋外及環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動。（5）肘關(guān)節(jié)由肱骨下端與尺、橈骨上端構(gòu)成，包括三個關(guān)節(jié)：①肱尺關(guān)節(jié)；②肱橈關(guān)節(jié)；③橈尺近側(cè)關(guān)節(jié)。上述3個關(guān)節(jié)包在一個關(guān)節(jié)囊內(nèi)。肘關(guān)節(jié)囊前、后壁薄而松弛，后壁最薄弱，故常見橈、尺兩骨向后脫位；主要韌帶：①橈側(cè)副韌帶；②尺側(cè)副韌帶；③橈骨環(huán)狀韌帶。肘關(guān)節(jié)主要沿冠狀軸上的屈伸運(yùn)動。（6）橈骨尺骨間通過前臂骨間膜、橈尺近側(cè)關(guān)節(jié)和橈尺遠(yuǎn)側(cè)關(guān)節(jié)連接。參與前臂旋前和旋后運(yùn)動。（7）手的關(guān)節(jié)包括橈腕關(guān)節(jié)、腕骨間關(guān)節(jié)、腕掌關(guān)節(jié)、掌骨間關(guān)節(jié)、掌指關(guān)節(jié)和手指關(guān)節(jié)。橈腕關(guān)節(jié)由橈骨的腕關(guān)節(jié)面和尺骨頭下方的關(guān)節(jié)盤構(gòu)成的關(guān)節(jié)窩與手舟骨、月骨和三角骨的近側(cè)關(guān)節(jié)面構(gòu)成的關(guān)節(jié)頭相關(guān)節(jié)。關(guān)節(jié)囊松弛，關(guān)節(jié)的前、后、兩側(cè)均有韌帶加強(qiáng)，其中掌側(cè)韌帶較堅(jiān)韌，因而腕后伸運(yùn)動受到限制。橈腕關(guān)節(jié)是典型的橢圓關(guān)節(jié)，可作屈伸、收展和環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動。拇指腕掌關(guān)節(jié)由大多角骨與第工掌骨底構(gòu)成，是典型的鞍狀關(guān)節(jié)。關(guān)節(jié)囊松弛，可作屈伸、收展、環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)和對掌運(yùn)動。指骨間關(guān)節(jié)由各指相鄰兩節(jié)指骨的底與滑車構(gòu)成，屬典型的滑車關(guān)節(jié)。4.下肢骨連結(jié)（1）骶髂關(guān)節(jié)由骶骨耳狀面和髂骨的耳狀面構(gòu)成。關(guān)節(jié)囊緊張，其前、后面分別有骶髂前、后韌帶加強(qiáng)。關(guān)節(jié)后上方尚有強(qiáng)厚的骶髂骨間韌帶。髖骨與脊柱間有髂腰韌帶、骶結(jié)節(jié)韌帶、骶棘韌帶連接。骶結(jié)節(jié)韌帶、骶棘韌帶分別與坐骨大切跡、坐骨小切跡圍成坐骨大孔和坐骨小孔。恥骨聯(lián)合由兩側(cè)恥骨聯(lián)合面借纖維軟骨構(gòu)成的恥骨間盤連結(jié)構(gòu)成。在恥骨聯(lián)合的上、下方分別有連結(jié)兩側(cè)恥骨的恥骨上韌帶和恥骨弓狀韌帶。（2）骨盆由左、右髖骨、骶骨、尾骨及其骨連結(jié)構(gòu)成。骨盆以界線為界，分為上方的大骨盆和下方的小骨盆。界線是由骶骨岬、骶骨盆面上緣、弓狀線、恥骨梳、恥骨結(jié)節(jié)、恥骨嵴恥骨聯(lián)合上緣構(gòu)成的環(huán)形線。小骨盆分為骨盆上口、骨盆下口和骨盆腔。

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《人體解剖學(xué)(雙語版)》由科學(xué)出版社出版。

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