結(jié)構(gòu)相變物理

前言

對于國內(nèi)的物理學(xué)工作者和青年學(xué)生來講，研讀國外優(yōu)秀的物理學(xué)著作是系統(tǒng)掌握物理學(xué)知識的一個重要手段。但是，在國內(nèi)并不能及時、方便地買到國外的圖書，且國外圖書不菲的價格往往令國內(nèi)的讀者卻步，因此，把國外的優(yōu)秀物理原著引進(jìn)到國內(nèi)，讓國內(nèi)的讀者能夠方便地以較低的價格購買是一項意義深遠(yuǎn)的工作，將有助于國內(nèi)物理學(xué)工作者和青年學(xué)生掌握國際物理學(xué)的前沿知識，進(jìn)而推動我國物理學(xué)科研和教學(xué)的發(fā)展。為了滿足國內(nèi)讀者對國外優(yōu)秀物理學(xué)著作的需求，科學(xué)出版社啟動了引進(jìn)國外優(yōu)秀著作的工作，出版社的這一舉措得到了國內(nèi)物理學(xué)界的積極響應(yīng)和支持，很快成立了專家委員會，開展了選題的推薦和篩選工作，在出版社初選的書單基礎(chǔ)上確定了第一批引進(jìn)的項目，這些圖書幾乎涉及了近代物理學(xué)的所有領(lǐng)域，既有闡述學(xué)科基本理論的經(jīng)典名著，也有反映某一學(xué)科專題前沿的專著。在選擇圖書時，專家委員會遵循了以下原則：基礎(chǔ)理論方面的圖書強(qiáng)調(diào)“經(jīng)典”，選擇了那些經(jīng)得起時間檢驗、對物理學(xué)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要影響、現(xiàn)在還不“過時”的著作（如狄拉克的《量子力學(xué)原理》）。反映物理學(xué)某一領(lǐng)域進(jìn)展的著作強(qiáng)調(diào)“前沿”和“熱點(diǎn)”，根據(jù)國內(nèi)物理學(xué)研究發(fā)展的實(shí)際情況，選擇了能夠體現(xiàn)相關(guān)學(xué)科最新進(jìn)展，對有關(guān)方向的科研人員和研究生有重要參考價值的圖書。這些圖書都是最新版的，多數(shù)圖書都是2000年以后出版的，還有相當(dāng)一部分是當(dāng)年出版的新書。因此，這套叢書具有權(quán)威性、前瞻性和應(yīng)用性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)。由于國外出版社的要求，科學(xué)出版社對部分圖書進(jìn)行了少量的翻譯和注釋（主要是目錄標(biāo)題和練習(xí)題），但這并不會影響圖書“原汁原味”的感覺，可能還會方便國內(nèi)讀者的閱讀和理解。

內(nèi)容概要

為了滿足國內(nèi)讀者對國外優(yōu)秀物理學(xué)著作的需求，科學(xué)出版社啟動了引進(jìn)國外優(yōu)秀著作的工作，這些圖書幾乎涉及了近代物理學(xué)的所有領(lǐng)域，既有闡述學(xué)科基本理論的經(jīng)典名著，也有反映某一學(xué)科專題前沿的專著。 本書反映的是結(jié)構(gòu)相變物理領(lǐng)域的前沿進(jìn)展和熱點(diǎn)，具有權(quán)威性、前瞻性和應(yīng)用性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)，對有關(guān)方向的科研人員和研究生有重要的參考價值。

作者簡介

作者：(日本)藤本

書籍目錄

Preface to the Second EditionPreface to the First EditionPart I Basic Concepts1  Thermodynamical Principles and the Landau Theory  1.1  Introduction  1.2  Phase Equilibria in Isotropic Systems  1.3  Phase Diagrams and Metastable States  1.4  The van der Waals Equation of State  1.5  Second-Order Phase Transitions and the Landau Theory    1.5.1  The Ehrenfest Classification    1.5.2  The Landau Theory  1.6  Susceptibilities and the Weiss Field    1.6.1  Susceptibility of an Order Parameter    1.6.2  The Weiss Field in a Ferromagnetic Domain  1.7  Critical Anomalies, Beyond Classical Thermodynamics  1.8  Remarks on Critical Exponents2  Order Variables, Their Correlations and Statistics the Mean-Field Theory  2.1  Order Variables  2.2  Probabilities, Short and Long-Range Correlations, and the Mean-Field Approximation    2.2.1  Probabilities    2.2.2 The Concept of a Mean Field  2.3  Statistical Mechanics of an Order-Disorder Transition  2.4  The Ising Model for Spin-Spin Correlations  2.5  The Role of the Weiss Field in an Ordering Process3  Collective Modes of Pseudospins in Displacive Crystals and the Born-Huang Theory  3.1  Displacive Crystals  3.2  The Landau Criterion for Classical Fluctuations  3.3  Quantum-Mechanical Pseudospins and their CorrelatiOns  3.4  The Born-Huang Theory and Structural Ordering in Crystals  3.5  Collective Pseudospin Modes in Displacive Systems  3.6  Examples of Collective Pseudospin Modes    3.6.1  Strontium Titanate and Related Perovskites    3.6.2  Tris-Sacosine Calcium Chloride and Related Crystals  3.7 The Variation Principle and the Weiss Singularity4  Soft Modes, Lattice Anharmonicity and Pseudospin Condensates in the Critical Region  4.1  The Critical Modulation  4.2  The Lyddane-Sachs-Teller Relation  4.3  Long-Range Interactions and the Cochran Theory  4.4  The Quartic Anharmonic Potential in the Critical Region    4.4.1  The Cowley Theory of Mode Softening    4.4.2  Symmetry Change at a Continuous Phase Transition  4.5  Observation of Soft-Mode Spectra  4.6  The Central Peak  4.7  Symmetry-Breaking Fluctuations in Binary Phase Transitions  4.8  Macroscopic Observation of a Binary Phase Transition;λ-anomaly of the Specific Heat5  Dynamics of Pseudospins Condensates and the Long-Range Order  5.1  Imperfections in Practical Crystals  5.2  The Pinning Potential .  5.3  The Lifshitz Condition for Incommensurate Fluctuations  5.4  A Pseudopotential for Condensate Locking and Commensurate Modulation  5.5  Propagation of a Collective Pseudospin Mode  5.6  A Hydrodynamic Model for Pseudospin Propagation  5.7  The Korteweg-deVries Equation    5.7.1  General Derivation    5.7.2  Solutions of the Korteweg-deVries Equation   5.8  Soliton Potentials and the Long-Range Order   5.9  Mode Stabilization by the Eckart PotentialPart II Experimental Studies6  Diffuse X-ray Diffraction and Neutron Inelastic Scattering from Modulated Crystals  6.1  Modulated Crystals  6.2  The Bragg Law of X-ray Diffraction  6.3  Diffuse Diffraction from Weakly Modulated Crystals  6.4  The Laue Formula and Diffuse Diffraction from Perovskites  6.5  Neutron Inelastic Scattering7  Light Scattering and Dielectric Studies on Structural Phase Transitions  7.1  Raman Scattering Studies on Structural Transitions  7.2  Rayleigh and Brillouin Scatterings  7.3  Dielectric Relaxation  7.4  Dielectric Spectra in the Ferroelectric Phase Transition of TSCC8  The Spin-Hamiltonian and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy  8.1  Introduction  8.2  Principles of Magnetic Resonance and Relaxation  8.3  Magnetic Resonance Spectrometers  8.4  The Crystalline Potential  8.5  The Zeeman Energy and the g Tensor  8.6  The Fine Structure  8.7  Hyperfine Interactions and Forbidden Transitions9  Magnetic Resonance Sampling and Nuclear Spin Relaxation Studies on Modulated Crystals  9.1  Paramagnetic Probes in a Modulated Crystal  9.2  The spin-Hamiltonian in Modulated Crystals    9.2.1  The g Tensor Anomaly    9.2.2  The Hyperfine Structure Anomaly    9.2.3  The Fine-Structure Anomaly  9.3  Structural Phase Transitions in TSCC and BCCD Crystals as Studied by Paramagnetic Resonance Spectra    9.3.1  The Ferroelectric Phase Transition in TSCC Crystals    9.3.2  Structural Phase Transitions in BCCD Crystals  9.4  Nuclear Quadrupole Relaxation in Incommensurate Phases10  Structural Phase Transitions in Miscellaneous Systems  10.1  Cell-Doubling Transitions in Oxide Perovskites  10.2  The Incommensurate Phase in β-Thorium Tetrabromide  10.3  Phase Transitions in Deuterated Biphenyl Crystals  10.4  Successive Phase Transitions in A2BX4 Family Crystals  10.5  Incommensurate Phases in RbH3(SeO3)2 and Related Crystals  10.6  Phase Transitions in (NH4)2SO4 and NH4AlF4  10.7  Proton Ordering in Hydrogen-Bonded CrystalsEpilogueAppendix The Adiabatic ApproximationIndex

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