幾何I

前言

要使我國(guó)的數(shù)學(xué)事業(yè)更好地發(fā)展起來，需要數(shù)學(xué)家淡泊名利并付出更艱苦地努力。另一方面，我們也要從客觀上為數(shù)學(xué)家創(chuàng)造更有利的發(fā)展數(shù)學(xué)事業(yè)的外部環(huán)境，這主要是加強(qiáng)對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)事業(yè)的支持與投資力度，使數(shù)學(xué)家有較好的工作與生活條件，其中也包括改善與加強(qiáng)數(shù)學(xué)的出版工作。從出版方面來講，除了較好較快地出版我們自己的成果外，引進(jìn)國(guó)外的先進(jìn)出版物無疑也是十分重要與必不可少的。從數(shù)學(xué)來說，施普林格（springer）出版社至今仍然是世界上最具權(quán)威的出版社。科學(xué)出版社影印一批他們出版的好的新書，使我國(guó)廣大數(shù)學(xué)家能以較低的價(jià)格購買，特別是在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)工作的數(shù)學(xué)家能普遍見到這些書，無疑是對(duì)推動(dòng)我國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)的科研與教學(xué)十分有益的事。這次科學(xué)出版社購買了版權(quán)，一次影印了23本施普林格出版社出版的數(shù)學(xué)書，就是一件好事，也是值得繼續(xù)做下去的事情。大體上分一下，這23本書中，包括基礎(chǔ)數(shù)學(xué)書5本，應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)書6本與計(jì)算數(shù)學(xué)書12本，其中有些書也具有交叉性質(zhì)。這些書都是很新的，2000年以后出版的占絕大部分，共計(jì)16本，其余的也是1990年以后出版的。這些書可以使讀者較快地了解數(shù)學(xué)某方面的前沿，例如基礎(chǔ)數(shù)學(xué)中的數(shù)論、代數(shù)與拓?fù)淙?，都是由該領(lǐng)域大數(shù)學(xué)家編著的“數(shù)學(xué)百科全書”的分冊(cè)。對(duì)從事這方面研究的數(shù)學(xué)家了解該領(lǐng)域的前沿與全貌很有幫助。按照學(xué)科的特點(diǎn)，基礎(chǔ)數(shù)學(xué)類的書以“經(jīng)典”為主，應(yīng)用和計(jì)算數(shù)學(xué)類的書以“前沿”為主。這些書的作者多數(shù)是國(guó)際知名的大數(shù)學(xué)家，例如《拓?fù)鋵W(xué)》一書的作者諾維科夫是俄羅斯科學(xué)院的院士，曾獲“菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)”和“沃爾夫數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)”。這些大數(shù)學(xué)家的著作無疑將會(huì)對(duì)我國(guó)的科研人員起到非常好的指導(dǎo)作用。當(dāng)然，23本書只能涵蓋數(shù)學(xué)的一部分，所以，這項(xiàng)工作還應(yīng)該繼續(xù)做下去。更進(jìn)一步，有些讀者面較廣的好書還應(yīng)該翻譯成中文出版，使之有更大的讀者群?？傊覍?duì)科學(xué)出版社影印施普林格出版社的部分?jǐn)?shù)學(xué)著作這一舉措表示熱烈的支持，并盼望這一工作取得更大的成績(jī)。

內(nèi)容概要

Since the early work of Gauss and Riemann, differential geometry has grown into a vast network of ideas and approaches, encompassing local considerations such as differential invariants and jets as well as global ideas, such as Morse theory and characteristic classes. In this volume of the Encyclopaedia, the authors give a tour of the principal areas and methods of modern differential geometry. The book is structured so that the reader may choose parts of the text to read and still take away a completed picture of some area of differential geometry Beginning at the introductory level with curves in Euclidean space, the sections become more challenging, arriving finally at the advanced topics which form the greatest part of the book:transformation groups, the geometry of differential equations,geometric structures, the equivalence problem the geometry of elliptic operators, G-structures and contact geometry. As an overview of the major current methods of differential geometry, EMS 28 is a map of these different ideas which explains the interesting points at every stop. The authors' intention is that the reader should gain a new understanding of geometry from the process of reading this survey.

作者簡(jiǎn)介

作者：(俄羅斯)加姆克列利澤 (Gamkrelidze R.V.)

書籍目錄

PrefaceChapter 1. Introduction: A Metamathematical View of Differential Geometry  1. Algebra and Geometry - the Duality of the Intellect  2. Two Examples: Algebraic Geometry, Propositional Logic and Set Theory  3. On the History of Geometry  4. Differential Calculus and Commutative Algebra  5. What is Differential Geometry?Chapter 2. The Geometry of SurfacesChapter 3. The Field Approach of RiemannChapter 4. The Group Approach of Lie and Klein. The Geometry of Transformation GroupsChapter 5. The Geometry of Differential EquationsChapter 6. Geometric StructuresChapter 7. The Equivalence Problem, Differential Invariants and PseudogroupsChapter 8. Global Aspects of Differential GeometryCommentary on the ReferencesReferencesAuthor IndexSubject Index

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編輯推薦

《國(guó)外數(shù)學(xué)名著系列(續(xù)1)(影印版)55:幾何1(微分幾何基本思想與概念)》由科學(xué)出版社出版。

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